-
Fetal and Pediatric Pathology 2014This article reviews the majority of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) with emphasis in Pediatric Pathology describing and illustrating... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the majority of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) with emphasis in Pediatric Pathology describing and illustrating lesions as varied as ureteral duplications, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, horseshoe kidney, posterior urethral valve and prune belly syndrome, obstructive renal dysplasia, nonmotile ciliopathies and several syndromes associated with renal malformations (Meckel-Joubert, short rib, Bardet-Biedl, asplenia/polysplenia, hereditary renal adysplasia, Zellweger, trisomies, VACTER-L, Potter, caudal dysplasia, and sirenomelia), as well as ADPK, and ARPK. The purpose of this review is not only to describe the congenital renal anomalies, but also to analyze the more recent therapeutic interventions that may modify the natural history of some of these severe conditions.
Topics: Child; Humans; Kidney; Urogenital Abnormalities
PubMed: 25313840
DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.959678 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2018
Topics: Flank Pain; Fused Kidney; Humans; Male; Sepsis; Young Adult
PubMed: 30167053
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.26.14899 -
JSLS : Journal of the Society of... 2011Upper tract invasive urothelial carcinoma and horseshoe kidneys are familiar to the practicing urologist but relatively rare individual entities. The complication of...
Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with cystoscopic en-bloc excision of the distal ureter and bladder cuff and isthmusectomy in a horseshoe kidney for invasive urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis.
Upper tract invasive urothelial carcinoma and horseshoe kidneys are familiar to the practicing urologist but relatively rare individual entities. The complication of managing them when they coexist in the same patient can be challenging. Herein, we present the first reported case in which an upper tract invasive urothelial carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney was successfully managed with a combined hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and isthmusectomy with cystoscopic en-bloc excision of the distal ureter and bladder cuff. This highlights the fact that complex anatomy can be managed in a completely minimally invasive fashion, and sound oncologic principles can still be maintained.
Topics: Cystoscopy; Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Kidney Pelvis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Urothelium
PubMed: 21985737
DOI: 10.4293/108680811X13125733357197 -
Interventional Medicine & Applied... Jun 2015Horseshoe kidney is a fusion anomaly found in approximately one in 400-600 people. Due to vascular and ureteral variations, transplantation with a horseshoe kidney...
Horseshoe kidney is a fusion anomaly found in approximately one in 400-600 people. Due to vascular and ureteral variations, transplantation with a horseshoe kidney presents a technical challenge. In our case, the isthmus connected the upper poles and contained parenchyma. It consisted of three renal arteries, five veins collected to the inferior vena cava, and two ureters and pyelons. It was implanted en bloc to the left side retroperitoneally. During the early period, cellular and humoral rejection was confirmed and treated. For a urine leak, double J catheters were implanted into both ureters. Later, the first catheter was removed. Subsequently, urinary sepsis developed, necessitating graftectomy. The uncommon anatomy of ureters and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) may both be factors for a ureter tip necrosis led to an infected urinoma. After other Hungarian authors, we also report a horseshoe kidney transplantation that was technically successful. However, after an adequately treated but severe acute humoral rejection, the patient developed sepsis, and the kidney had to be removed. We conclude that transplantation with horseshoe kidney is technically feasible but may increase the risk for urinary complications and resultant infections. Careful consideration of risk and benefit is advised when a transplant professional is faced with this option.
PubMed: 26120481
DOI: 10.1556/1646.7.2015.2.7 -
Cureus Jun 2018Kidney development is a complex process that begins during the sixth to eighth weeks of life. Failure of ascent of the kidney will cause the kidney to remain in the... (Review)
Review
Kidney development is a complex process that begins during the sixth to eighth weeks of life. Failure of ascent of the kidney will cause the kidney to remain in the pelvis i.e., pelvic kidney. Here, we review this entity in detail and illustrate such embryological derailment. In most cases, a pelvic kidney is an incidental finding and is usually asymptomatic. Anatomic variations of the renal vasculature have been reported in cases of pelvic kidneys and these are highlighted in this review. Clinicians who treat patients for renal or pelvic disease or interpret images of the pelvis should be well informed of the anatomy and embryology of the pelvic kidney.
PubMed: 30109168
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2775 -
Annals of Surgery Nov 1925
PubMed: 17865363
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-192511010-00009 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Feb 1932
PubMed: 19988590
DOI: No ID Found -
Maedica Dec 2021Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is one of the most frequent renal malformations which appears to present an increased risk of stone formation caused by abnormal urine drainage....
Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is one of the most frequent renal malformations which appears to present an increased risk of stone formation caused by abnormal urine drainage. This study aims to compare the results of single-use flexible ureteroscopy (SUfURS) vs reusable devices (RfURS) with holmium laser in treating stones in HSK cases. Between February 2017 and June 2021, 29 patients diagnosed with renal stone disease and horseshoe kidney were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group 1 (14 patients) undergoing SUfURS and Group 2 (15 patients) operated with RfURS devices. We analyzed the mean stone burden, operation time, stone free rate and complications. The surgical equipment was represented by the SUfURS PU3022 (Zhuhai Pusen Medical Technology) and RfURS URF-V2 (Olympus). The two groups had a similar mean stone burden: 22 ± 6 mm (range 15-31 mm) for Group 1 and 24 ± 7 mm (range 16-30 mm) for Group 2. The average operative time was better for Group 1 (86 ± 17 min) vs Group 2 (89 ± 20 min). The stone-free status was similar for both groups after the first session (57.14% for Group 1 vs 53.33% for Group 2) and slightly in favor of Group 1 as compared to Group 2 (85.71% vs 73.33%, respectively) after the second session. The overall complication rate (Grades I, II and III) was almost similar in both groups, with a slightly prevalence for Group 1 (no major complications Grade IV and V). Flexible ureteroscopy represents an effective alternative treatment technique for large stones in kidney abnormalities. single-use flexible ureteroscopy can be successfully used to treat patients with genetically renal malformations and its results may be slightly better than those provided by using RfURS devices.
PubMed: 35261654
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.568