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PloS One 2014To describe enhanced vitreous imaging for visualization of anatomic features and microstructures within the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface in healthy...
PURPOSE
To describe enhanced vitreous imaging for visualization of anatomic features and microstructures within the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface in healthy eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The study hypothesis was that long-wavelength, high-speed, volumetric SS-OCT with software registration motion correction and vitreous window display or high-dynamic-range (HDR) display improves detection sensitivity of posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal features compared to standard OCT logarithmic scale display.
DESIGN
Observational prospective cross-sectional study.
METHODS
Multiple wide-field three-dimensional SS-OCT scans (500×500A-scans over 12×12 mm2) were obtained using a prototype instrument in 22 eyes of 22 healthy volunteers. A registration motion-correction algorithm was applied to compensate motion and generate a single volumetric dataset. Each volumetric dataset was displayed in three forms: (1) standard logarithmic scale display, enhanced vitreous imaging using (2) vitreous window display and (3) HDR display. Each dataset was reviewed independently by three readers to identify features of the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface. Detection sensitivities for these features were measured for each display method.
RESULTS
Features observed included the bursa premacularis (BPM), area of Martegiani, Cloquet's/BPM septum, Bergmeister papilla, posterior cortical vitreous (hyaloid) detachment, papillomacular hyaloid detachment, hyaloid attachment to retinal vessel(s), and granular opacities within vitreous cortex, Cloquet's canal, and BPM. The detection sensitivity for these features was 75.0% (95%CI: 67.8%-81.1%) using standard logarithmic scale display, 80.6% (95%CI: 73.8%-86.0%) using HDR display, and 91.9% (95%CI: 86.6%-95.2%) using vitreous window display.
CONCLUSIONS
SS-OCT provides non-invasive, volumetric and measurable in vivo visualization of the anatomic microstructural features of the posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface. The vitreous window display provides the highest sensitivity for posterior vitreous and vitreoretinal interface analysis when compared to HDR and standard OCT logarithmic scale display. Enhanced vitreous imaging with SS-OCT may help assess the natural history and treatment response in vitreoretinal interface diseases.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnostic Imaging; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Vitreous Body; Young Adult
PubMed: 25036044
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102950 -
Journal of Anatomy Apr 1928
PubMed: 17104193
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Physiology Mar 1904
PubMed: 16992721
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1904.sp001021 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Mar 1930
PubMed: 19987434
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Genetics 2001Glaucoma is a blinding disease usually associated with high intraocular pressure (IOP). In some families, abnormal anterior segment development contributes to glaucoma....
BACKGROUND
Glaucoma is a blinding disease usually associated with high intraocular pressure (IOP). In some families, abnormal anterior segment development contributes to glaucoma. The genes causing anterior segment dysgenesis and glaucoma in most of these families are not identified and the affected developmental processes are poorly understood. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) participate in various developmental processes. We tested the importance of Bmp4 gene dosage for ocular development and developmental glaucoma.
RESULTS
Bmp4+/- mice have anterior segment abnormalities including malformed, absent or blocked trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal drainage structures. Mice with severe drainage structure abnormalities, over 80% or more of their angle's extent, have elevated IOP. The penetrance and severity of abnormalities is strongly influenced by genetic background, being most severe on the C57BL/6J background and absent on some other backgrounds. On the C57BL/6J background there is also persistence of the hyaloid vasculature, diminished numbers of inner retinal cells, and absence of the optic nerve.
CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrate that heterozygous deficiency of BMP4 results in anterior segment dysgenesis and elevated IOP. The abnormalities are similar to those in human patients with developmental glaucoma. Thus, BMP4 is a strong candidate to contribute to Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly and other developmental conditions associated with human glaucoma. BMP4 also participates in posterior segment development and wild-type levels are usually critical for optic nerve development on the C57BL/6J background. Bmp4+/- mice are useful for studying various components of ocular development, and may allow identification of strain specific modifiers affecting a variety of ocular phenotypes.
Topics: Animals; Anterior Eye Segment; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Electroretinography; Eye Abnormalities; Gene Dosage; Heterozygote; Intraocular Pressure; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Nerve; Phenotype; Retinal Vessels
PubMed: 11722794
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-2-18 -
Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology Dec 2021Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) syndrome is characterized by abnormal regression of the fetal hyaloid system and may occur in various forms. In this report, two...
Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) syndrome is characterized by abnormal regression of the fetal hyaloid system and may occur in various forms. In this report, two atypical cases associated with posterior capsular defect and ectopic lens material located along Cloquet's canal are discussed. Ultrasonography of these patients presenting with bilateral total cataracts revealed a hyaloidal stalk extending from the optic nerve head to the retrolental area. During lensectomy, it was observed that lens particles were moving anteriorly from the central mid-vitreous to the aspiration port and that the posterior capsule was developmentally defective. There was no pathological vascular remnant, rather the lens material partially filled Cloquet's canal through the opening in the posterior capsule and created a pseudo-stalk appearance on the preoperative ultrasonography. We aim to discuss possible mechanisms underlying these cases, which may help to improve our understanding of the PFV spectrum.
Topics: Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous; Vitreous Body
PubMed: 34963272
DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2021.12524 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Case... Mar 2018To describe a patient with acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) during vitrectomy surgery and the possible role of vitrectomy in acute CRAO management.
PURPOSE
To describe a patient with acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) during vitrectomy surgery and the possible role of vitrectomy in acute CRAO management.
OBSERVATIONS
An 84-year-old man presented with broad vitreomacular traction and epiretinal membrane in the right eye. Preoperative assessment clearly showed normal retinal vasculature. On starting vitrectomy, complete CRAO with marked segmentation of all retinal vessels was noted. Vitrectomy was performed in the usual manner and once the posterior hyaloid detached from the disc, immediate complete revascularization of the retinal vessels was noted. The patient had a complete visual recovery.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE
Immediate vitrectomy with induction of posterior vitreous detachment may have a role in selected cases of acute CRAO, particularly if performed within a short window.
PubMed: 29468216
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2018.01.008