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British Dental Journal May 2020
Topics: Hydrogen Peroxide; Mouthwashes
PubMed: 32444705
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1643-2 -
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) Nov 2009Oxygen therapies are unproven alternatives promoted as a cure for cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and other degenerative diseases. These "therapies"...
Oxygen therapies are unproven alternatives promoted as a cure for cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and other degenerative diseases. These "therapies" are offered at clinics in Mexico, the United States, and Europe. Proponents claim that many diseases, including cancer, are caused by oxygen deficiency and that oxygenation can restore health by destroying cancer cells, eliminating pathogens, stimulating metabolism, and by producing "oxidative detoxification." There is no scientific evidence to support any of these claims. Oxygen therapies include: (1) hydrogen peroxide therapy involving intravenous infusion, ingestion, colonic administration, or soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution; (2) ozone colonies and ozone autohemotherapy, in which blood is withdrawn and treated with ozone before reinfusion, and (3) "oxygenated" water, pills, and solutions. The use of oxygen therapies has resulted in serious adverse events and several deaths. Oxygen therapies should not be confused with those commonly used in respiratory care.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Complementary Therapies; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Middle Aged; Neoplasms
PubMed: 20043470
DOI: No ID Found -
Cell Death & Disease Jul 2022Oxidative stress and hypoxia in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have long been considered major risk factors in the pathophysiology of age-related macular...
Oxidative stress and hypoxia in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have long been considered major risk factors in the pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but systematic investigation of the interplay between these two risk factors was lacking. For this purpose, we treated a human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) with sodium iodate (SI), an oxidative stress agent, together with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) which leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), key regulators of cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions. We found that HIF stabilization aggravated oxidative stress-induced cell death by SI and iron-dependent ferroptosis was identified as the main cell death mechanism. Ferroptotic cell death depends on the Fenton reaction where HO and iron react to generate hydroxyl radicals which trigger lipid peroxidation. Our findings clearly provide evidence for superoxide dismutase (SOD) driven HO production fostering the Fenton reaction as indicated by triggered SOD activity upon DMOG + SI treatment as well as by reduced cell death levels upon SOD2 knockdown. In addition, iron transporters involved in non-transferrin-bound Fe import as well as intracellular iron levels were also upregulated. Consequently, chelation of Fe by 2'2-Bipyridyl completely rescued cells. Taken together, we show for the first time that HIF stabilization under oxidative stress conditions aggravates ferroptotic cell death in RPE cells. Thus, our study provides a novel link between hypoxia, oxidative stress and iron metabolism in AMD pathophysiology. Since iron accumulation and altered iron metabolism are characteristic features of AMD retinas and RPE cells, our cell culture model is suitable for high-throughput screening of new treatment approaches against AMD.
Topics: Ferroptosis; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoxia; Iron; Macular Degeneration; Oxidative Stress; Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 35906211
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05121-z -
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of... 1999
Review
Topics: Animals; Carcinogenicity Tests; Carcinogens; Chromosome Aberrations; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mutagenicity Tests; Mutagens; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Occupational Exposure; Salmonella typhimurium
PubMed: 10476467
DOI: No ID Found -
Biosensors Dec 2020Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a key molecule in numerous physiological, industrial, and environmental processes. HO is monitored using various methods like colorimetry,... (Review)
Review
Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a key molecule in numerous physiological, industrial, and environmental processes. HO is monitored using various methods like colorimetry, luminescence, fluorescence, and electrochemical methods. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of solid state sensors to monitor HO. The review covers three categories of sensors: chemiresistive, conductometric, and field effect transistors. A brief description of the sensing mechanisms of these sensors has been provided. All three sensor types are evaluated based on the sensing parameters like sensitivity, limit of detection, measuring range and response time. We highlight those sensors which have advanced the field by using innovative materials or sensor fabrication techniques. Finally, we discuss the limitations of current solid state sensors and the future directions for research and development in this exciting area.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Electrochemical Techniques; Graphite; Hydrogen Peroxide
PubMed: 33375685
DOI: 10.3390/bios11010009 -
Cells Aug 2022The regulatory role of some reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as hydrogen peroxide or nitric oxide, has been demonstrated in some... (Review)
Review
The regulatory role of some reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as hydrogen peroxide or nitric oxide, has been demonstrated in some higher plants and algae. Their involvement in regulation of the organism, tissue and single cell development can also be seen in many animals. In green cells, the redox potential is an important photosynthesis regulatory factor that may lead to an increase or decrease in growth rate. ROS and RNS are important signals involved in the regulation of photoautotrophic growth that, in turn, allow the cell to attain the commitment competence. Both hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide are directly involved in algal cell development as the signals that regulate expression of proteins required for completing the cell cycle, such as cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, or histone proteins and E2F complex proteins. Such regulation seems to relate to the direct interaction of these signaling molecules with the redox-sensitive transcription factors, but also with regulation of signaling pathways including MAPK, G-protein and calmodulin-dependent pathways. In this paper, we aim to elucidate the involvement of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in algal cell cycle regulation, considering the role of these molecules in higher plants. We also evaluate the commercial applicability of this knowledge. The creation of a simple tool, such as a precisely established modification of hydrogen peroxide and/or nitric oxide at the cellular level, leading to changes in the ROS-RNS cross-talk network, can be used for the optimization of the efficiency of algal cell growth and may be especially important in the context of increasing the role of algal biomass in science and industry. It could be a part of an important scientific challenge that biotechnology is currently focused on.
Topics: Animals; Cell Cycle; Chlorophyta; Hydrogen Peroxide; Nitric Oxide; Plants; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 35954269
DOI: 10.3390/cells11152425 -
Redox Biology Oct 2017Hydrogen peroxide (HO) controls signaling pathways in cells by oxidative modulation of the activity of redox sensitive proteins denominated redox switches. Here,... (Review)
Review
Hydrogen peroxide (HO) controls signaling pathways in cells by oxidative modulation of the activity of redox sensitive proteins denominated redox switches. Here, quantitative biology concepts are applied to review how HO fulfills a key role in information transmission. Equations described lay the foundation of HO signaling, give new insights on HO signaling mechanisms, and help to learn new information from common redox signaling experiments. A key characteristic of HO signaling is that the ratio between reduction and oxidation of redox switches determines the range of HO concentrations to which they respond. Thus, a redox switch with low HO-dependent oxidability and slow reduction rate responds to the same range of HO concentrations as a redox switch with high HO-dependent oxidability, but that is rapidly reduced. Yet, in the first case the response time is slow while in the second case is rapid. HO sensing and transmission of information can be done directly or by complex mechanisms in which oxidation is relayed between proteins before oxidizing the final regulatory redox target. In spite of being a very simple molecule, HO has a key role in cellular signaling, with the reliability of the information transmitted depending on the inherent chemical reactivity of redox switches, on the presence of localized HO pools, and on the molecular recognition between redox switches and their partners.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 28528123
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.039 -
Marine Drugs May 2021Agarose is a natural seaweed polysaccharide and widely used in the medicine, food, and biological fields because of its high gel strength, non-toxicity, and electrical...
Agarose is a natural seaweed polysaccharide and widely used in the medicine, food, and biological fields because of its high gel strength, non-toxicity, and electrical neutrality. The sulfate group is one of the main charged groups that affect the performance of agarose. In the present study, a simple, eco-friendly, and efficient method was explored for agarose preparation. After desulfation with hydrogen peroxide (HO), the sulfate content of agar reached 0.21%. Together with gel strength, electroendosmosis, gelling and melting temperature, the indicators of desulfated agar met the standards of commercially available agarose. Notably, the desulfated agar can be used as an agarose gel electrophoresis medium to separate DNA molecules, and the separation effect is as good as that of commercially available agarose. Further, the HO desulfation process was analyzed. The addition of a hydroxyl radical (HO•) scavenger remarkably decreased the HO desulfation rate, indicating that HO• has a certain role in agar desulfation. Sulfate content detection indicated that sulfur was removed from agar molecules in the form of sulfate ions (SO) and metal sulfate. The band absence at 850 cm indicated that the sulfate groups at C-4 of D-galactose in sulfated galactan were eliminated.
Topics: Agar; Hydrogen Peroxide; Sepharose; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Sulfates; Transition Temperature
PubMed: 34070967
DOI: 10.3390/md19060297 -
The Journal of Hospital Infection May 2021Hydrogen peroxide and ozone have been used as chemical decontamination agents for N95 masks during supply shortages. If left behind on the masks, the residues of both...
BACKGROUND
Hydrogen peroxide and ozone have been used as chemical decontamination agents for N95 masks during supply shortages. If left behind on the masks, the residues of both chemicals represent a potential health hazard by skin contact and respiratory exposure.
AIM
Characterization of hydrogen peroxide and ozone residues on mask surfaces after chemical decontamination.
METHODS
Various N95 masks were decontaminated using two commercial systems employing either aerosol spray or vaporization of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of ozone. Following the decontamination, the masks were aired out to eliminate moisture and potential chemical residues. The residual hydrogen peroxide and ozone were monitored in the gas phase above the mask surface, and hydrogen peroxide residue directly on mask surfaces using a colorimetric assay.
FINDINGS
After decontamination, hydrogen peroxide and ozone were detectable in the gas phase in the vicinity of masks even after 5 h of aeration. Hydrogen peroxide was also detected on all studied masks, and levels up to 56 mg per mask were observed after 0.5 h of aeration. All residues gradually decreased with aeration, likely due to decomposition and vaporization.
CONCLUSION
Hydrogen peroxide and ozone were present on N95 masks after decontamination. With appropriate aeration, the gaseous residue levels in the vicinity of the masks decreased to permissible levels as defined by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Reliable assays to monitor these residues are necessary to ensure the safety of the mask users.
Topics: Decontamination; Equipment Reuse; Hydrogen Peroxide; N95 Respirators; Ozone
PubMed: 33640371
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.02.018 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022Titanium(IV) solutions are known to detect hydrogen peroxide in solutions by a colorimetric method. Xplosafe's XploSens PS commercial titanium(IV)-based peroxide...
Titanium(IV) solutions are known to detect hydrogen peroxide in solutions by a colorimetric method. Xplosafe's XploSens PS commercial titanium(IV)-based peroxide detection test strips are used to detect hydrogen peroxide in liquids. The use of these test strips as gas-phase detectors for peroxides was tested using low-cost hardware. The exposure of these strips to hydrogen peroxide liquid or gas leads to the development of an intense yellow color. For liquids, a digital single-lens reflex camera was used to quantify the color change using standardized solutions containing between 50 and 500 ppm peroxide by mass. Analysis of the images with color separation can provide a more quantitative determination than visual comparison to a color chart. For hydrogen peroxide gas, an inexpensive web camera and a tungsten lamp were used to measure the reflected light intensity as a function of exposure from a test strip held in a custom cell. First-order behavior in the color change with time was observed during the exposure to peroxide vapor over a range of peroxide concentrations from 2 and 30 ppm by volume. For a 1-min measurement, the gas-phase detection limit is estimated to be 1 ppm. A 0.01 ppm detection limit can be obtained with a 1-h exposure time. Titanium(IV)-based peroxide detection test strips are sensitive enough to work as a gas-phase hydrogen peroxide detector.
Topics: Gases; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidants; Peroxides; Titanium; Tooth Bleaching
PubMed: 36081093
DOI: 10.3390/s22176635