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Medicinski Glasnik : Official... Feb 2020Aim Hand hygiene practice is still burdened by inadequate compliance, whether in the professional sphere by health professionals or in the non-professional sphere by lay...
Aim Hand hygiene practice is still burdened by inadequate compliance, whether in the professional sphere by health professionals or in the non-professional sphere by lay population. Aim of this study was to map the hand hygiene knowledge and its compliance in the monitored group of people. Methods The research was conducted at the Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin of Comenius University in Bratislava (JFM CU) among seventy 3rd year students of General Medicine (medical study program), and Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health (non-medical study programs). Knowledge of hygienic hand washing according to the WHO guidelines from 2009 was investigated, as well as differences in the level of microbial contamination of hands after routine hand washing between the group that had been acquainted with hand hygiene protocols and the group that had not sufficiently. Results The results have shown that 32.9% of the students did not perform hygienic hand washing properly. The differences between the groups of students with and without the proper hand hygiene compliance in routine hand washing were not statistically significant. Conclusion The results of our survey have suggested that the reasons for decreased compliance with hand washing protocols may be related to forgetting to wash the hands or not being acquainted with hand washing protocols at all. The strategies focused only on one aspect of hand hygiene are, according to scientific literature, ineffective in the long term.
Topics: Cross Infection; Hand Disinfection; Hand Hygiene; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 31556581
DOI: 10.17392/1051-20 -
Reproductive Health Jun 2022Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) and practices by adolescent females of low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are a severe public health issue. The current... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) and practices by adolescent females of low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are a severe public health issue. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of the hygiene practices, menstrual problems with their associated factors, and the effectiveness of educational interventions on menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls in India.
METHODS
PRISMA checklist and PICO guidelines were used to screen the scientific literature from 2011 to 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of studies. Four themes were developed for data analysis, including hygiene practices, type of absorbent used, menstruation associated morbidities and interventions performed regarding menstruation. Eighty-four relevant studies were included and a meta-analysis, including subgroup analysis, was performed.
RESULTS
Pooled data revealed a statistically significant increase in sanitary pad usage "(SMD = 48.83, 95% CI = 41.38-57.62, p < 0.00001)" and increased perineum practices during menstruation "(SMD = 55.77, 95% CI = 44.27-70.26, p < 0.00001)". Results also reported that most prevalent disorders are dysmenorrhea "(SMD = 60.24, 95% CI = 50.41-70.06, p < 0.0001)", Pre-menstrual symptoms "(SMD = 62.67, 95% CI = 46.83-78.50, p < 0.00001)", Oligomenorrhea "(SMD = 23.57, CI = 18.05-29.10, p < 0.00001), Menorrhagia "(SMD = 25.67, CI = 3.86-47.47, p < 0.00001)", PCOS "(SMD = 5.50, CI = 0.60-10.40, p < 0.00001)", and Polymenorrhea "(SMD = 4.90, CI = 1.87-12.81, p < 0.0001)". A statistically significant improvement in knowledge "(SMD = 2.06, 95% CI = 0.75-3.36, p < 0.00001)" and practice "(SMD = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.13-2.65, p < 0.00001)" on menstruation was observed. Infections of the reproductive system and their repercussions can be avoided with better awareness and safe menstruation practices.
CONCLUSIONS
Learning about menstrual hygiene and health is essential for adolescent girls' health education to continue working and maintaining hygienic habits. Infections of the reproductive system and their repercussions can be avoided with better awareness and safe menstruation practices.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Hygiene; India; Menstrual Hygiene Products; Menstruation; Schools
PubMed: 35739585
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01453-3 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2019: Patient safety is a priority of any healthcare system, and one of the most effective measures is hand hygiene. For this, it is important that health staff have correct...
: Patient safety is a priority of any healthcare system, and one of the most effective measures is hand hygiene. For this, it is important that health staff have correct adherence and perform the technique properly. Otherwise, the incidence of nosocomial infections can increase, with consequent complications. The aim here was to analyze hand hygiene training and the effectiveness of different methods and educational strategies among nurses and whether they maintained correct adherence over time. : A systematic review was conducted in the sources CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Dialnet, Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), ProQuest (Proquest Health and Medical Complete), Medline, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Scopus. The search equation with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors was "Nurs* AND (handwashing OR hand hygiene) AND clinical trial". The review was performed following the recommendations of the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. : = 17 clinical trials were included, with a total of 5747 nurses and nursing students. Strategies such as reminder sounds, practical simulations, videos, and audiovisual media improved handwashing compliance. Adherence overtime increased by up to 60%. The greatest effectiveness was related to the use of povidone-iodine, which reduced colony formation compared Hand hygiene teaching strategies among nursing staff: a systematic review to soap. : The strategies that go beyond teaching techniques such as lectures may be more effective at increasing hand hygiene compliance. Combined approaches to learning/instruction improve user satisfaction by enabling self-management, flexibility, and repetition.
Topics: Education, Nursing; Hand Disinfection; Hand Hygiene; Nursing Staff; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 31443355
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173039 -
BMC Public Health Nov 2019Menstruation is a normal physiological process of females at their reproductive age. However, it is surrounded with social taboos and supernatural beliefs. The poor...
BACKGROUND
Menstruation is a normal physiological process of females at their reproductive age. However, it is surrounded with social taboos and supernatural beliefs. The poor knowledge and understanding of menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practice that intern increases the risk of reproductive and genito-urinary tract infections, cervical cancer, school drop-out, poor academic performance and overall poor quality of life. Despite such clinical and academic effects, the knowledge and hygienic practice of adolescent girls towards menstruation is not well addressed in Ethiopia, particularly among school adolescent girls. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and menstrual hygiene practice among adolescent school girls in southern Ethiopia.
METHODS
This was an institutional based cross-sectional study conducted at Gedeo zone high schools among 791 randomly selected adolescent girls using multi stage sampling technique. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered to EPI-INFO (soft ware) and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistics analyses were computed to identify factors associated with the poor menstrual hygienic practice. During bi-variable analysis, variables with P-values of less than 0.25 were entered to multivariable model for further analysis. In the final model, P-value of less than 0.05 was used as a base to identify factors having a statistically significant association with poor menstrual hygiene practice at corresponding 95% confidence interval.
RESULT
From a total of 791 adolescent girls participated in this study, 68.3% had poor knowledge of menstruation. About 48.1% of school girls used absorbent materials, and 69.5% clean their external genitalia. Generally, 60.3% of girls had poor menstrual hygienic practice. Age less than 15 years [OR = 1.71:95% CI (1.22, 2.39)], longer days of menstrual flow [OR = 2.51:95% CI (1.66, 3.80)] and poor knowledge of menses [OR = 1.48:95% CI (1.04, 2.1)] had a significantly associated with poor menstrual hygiene practice.
CONCLUSION
Majority of adolescent school girls had poor knowledge regarding menstruation and their hygienic practices are incorrect. This demonstrates a need to design acceptable awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve the knowledge and promote safe hygienic practice of adolescent school girls during menstruation.
Topics: Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethiopia; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Hygiene; Menstruation; Quality of Life; Schools; Students
PubMed: 31783741
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7973-9 -
Central European Journal of Public... Jun 2020The objective of the study, which consisted of a motivational lecture and hands-on training, was to evaluate the role of oral hygiene education for adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of the study, which consisted of a motivational lecture and hands-on training, was to evaluate the role of oral hygiene education for adolescents.
METHODS
The study population included sixty-two high school students between fourteen and fifteen years of age (thirty males and thirty-two females). The response rate was 76.5%. The measurement of oral hygiene level was performed using the modified Green Vermilion Index (GVI). The values were recorded at baseline, one week, three months, and six months after education through motivational lecture and hands-on training was performed. Descriptive and nonparametric statistical methods were used in statistical analysis. Level of significance was 0.05.
RESULTS
At the beginning of the study, the GVI of all examined subjects was 3.52 (SD = 0.70). One week after the motivational lecture and training, it decreased to 2.64 (SD = 0.69). Three months later, the level of plaque index had the lowest value (1.44; SD = 0.66). At the end of the study the level of plaque index increased to 2.52 (SD = 0.86).
CONCLUSIONS
A significant oral hygiene improvement in adolescents as a result of education was presented. However, due to a decline in oral hygiene level six months after the education, there is a need for educational programmes continuity.
Topics: Adolescent; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Motivation; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Students
PubMed: 32592553
DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5066 -
American Journal of Public Health Aug 2008To quantify the effect of hand-hygiene interventions on rates of gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses and to identify interventions that provide the greatest... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
To quantify the effect of hand-hygiene interventions on rates of gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses and to identify interventions that provide the greatest efficacy, we searched 4 electronic databases for hand-hygiene trials published from January 1960 through May 2007 and conducted meta-analyses to generate pooled rate ratios across interventions (N=30 studies). Improvements in hand hygiene resulted in reductions in gastrointestinal illness of 31% (95% confidence intervals [CI]=19%, 42%) and reductions in respiratory illness of 21% (95% CI=5%, 34%). The most beneficial intervention was hand-hygiene education with use of nonantibacterial soap. Use of antibacterial soap showed little added benefit compared with use of nonantibacterial soap. Hand hygiene is clearly effective against gastrointestinal and, to a lesser extent, respiratory infections. Studies examining hygiene practices during respiratory illness and interventions targeting aerosol transmission are needed.
Topics: Communicable Disease Control; Communicable Diseases; Community-Acquired Infections; Databases, Bibliographic; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Hand Disinfection; Humans; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk Assessment; Skin Care; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 18556606
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.124610 -
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983) Dec 2020Since 2004, tattooing products have been recognized as such by French law. A tattooist must declare his activity to the ARS (French regional health agency). A tattooist... (Review)
Review
Since 2004, tattooing products have been recognized as such by French law. A tattooist must declare his activity to the ARS (French regional health agency). A tattooist is legally compelled to undergo training sessions on occupational safety and hygienic requirements and to deliver his certificate to the ARS. A tattooist commits himself to preliminarily informing his customers of the risks they possibly incur and of the precautions to be taken. He also commits himself to complying with general rules and regulations and with good practices of hygiene and safety; lastly, he signs an agreement pertaining to waste disposal (DASRI). Contrary to pharmaceutical products, tattooing products are not subject to authorization prior to their commercialization. Any adverse effect after tattooing must be the subject of a declaration addressed to the ANSM (French health products safety agency) by the customer, the tattooist or a health professional.
Topics: France; Government Regulation; History, 21st Century; Humans; Hygiene; Legislation as Topic; Occupational Health; Tattooing
PubMed: 33129944
DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2020.104058 -
Journal of Dentistry Jan 2019
Topics: Oral Hygiene; Stomatognathic Diseases
PubMed: 30696550
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.09.004 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022Food contamination with microbial agents can take place at any stage of the food chain, from farm to fork. For this reason, good hygienic and manufacturing practices... (Review)
Review
Food contamination with microbial agents can take place at any stage of the food chain, from farm to fork. For this reason, good hygienic and manufacturing practices must be followed along the entire food chain to prevent microbiological food contamination due to microbes which can cause high incidence of morbidity and mortality among consumers. Recent research have been focused on the implementation of innovative technologies for enhancing the quality and safety of food without compromising its organoleptic and nutritional characteristics. Studies should be addressed to the development of simple, less expensive, and fast tests for monitoring and controlling microbial food contamination, as well as to the development of new food manufacturing processes.
Topics: Food Contamination; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Food Safety; Hygiene; Public Health
PubMed: 35742689
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127441 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology May 2017Although laundering should mainly remove stains and dirt from used and worn textiles, the elimination of microbial contamination is an important aim of the laundry... (Review)
Review
Although laundering should mainly remove stains and dirt from used and worn textiles, the elimination of microbial contamination is an important aim of the laundry process as well. While industrial and institutional laundering employs standardized processes using high temperatures (i.e. 60°C and above) and bleaching agents to ensure a sufficient hygienic reconditioning of textiles, domestic laundering processes are less defined and not always led by purposeful aims. The strive for energy efficiency of household appliances has resulted in a decrease in washing temperatures in Europe during the last decades and convenience aspects led to an increased use of liquid detergents that do not contain bleach which in turn impacts the antimicrobial efficacy of domestic laundering. This review compiles the different factors that influence the input and removal of micro-organisms in the laundering process and discusses the possible adverse effects of microbial contaminants in the washing machine and on the textiles as well as suitable counteractions.
Topics: Detergents; Hygiene; Laundering; Temperature; Textiles
PubMed: 28092141
DOI: 10.1111/jam.13402