-
The Biochemical Journal Dec 1991The distribution of glutathione transferase subunits 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 in the different cells of the female and male rat adrenal and the effects of hypophysectomy on...
The distribution of glutathione transferase subunits 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 in the different cells of the female and male rat adrenal and the effects of hypophysectomy on these isoenzymes were studied using immunohistochemical methods. All these glutathione transferase subunits, with the exception of subunit 1, were present in the adrenal. Each subunit showed, however, its own characteristic distribution pattern. After hypophysectomy, increased staining for these isoenzymes was generally observed, and this effect was also cell-specific. Staining for subunit 2 increased in intensity in the zona fasciculata and reticularis after hypophysectomy, whereas a decrease was observed in the zona glomerulosa. Staining for subunit 8 was increased in the borderline between the capsule and zona glomerulosa, as well as in medullary chromaffin cells after hypophysectomy. The Mu subunits 3 and 4 increased markedly in fascicular and reticular cells after hypophysectomy and staining for subunit 3 was also increased in the medullary cells. A slight, but more general, increase was observed for subunit 7. We conclude from these experiments that the increases in glutathione transferase subunits observed in the rat adrenal after hypophysectomy are due to increased protein synthesis and/or increased protein stability and not to a selective destruction of cells lacking, or with low levels of, the isoenzymes.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Female; Glutathione Transferase; Hypophysectomy; Immunohistochemistry; Isoenzymes; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains
PubMed: 1747113
DOI: 10.1042/bj2800399 -
JSLS : Journal of the Society of... 2008Select patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, such as patients with persistent Cushing's disease after failed hypophysectomy or patients with ectopic ACTH... (Review)
Review
Select patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, such as patients with persistent Cushing's disease after failed hypophysectomy or patients with ectopic ACTH production, may require bilateral adrenalectomy. Laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy has been described, offering definitive treatment with reduced morbidity compared with open techniques. We report on the performance of synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy treated using the da Vinci robot (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA). To our knowledge, the usage of this minimally invasive approach for this operation has yet to be reported in literature. The details of the case and a brief review of the literature are described herein.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Laparoscopy; Middle Aged; Robotics
PubMed: 18435898
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Sep 1964
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenalectomy; Anabolic Agents; Androgens; Breast Neoplasms; Castration; Female; Gonadotropins; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Neoplasms; Ovary; Pituitary Gland; Steroids; Urine
PubMed: 14172047
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5411.755-c -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Mar 1983We have investigated the uptake of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-MDP) in the metaphysis and shaft of the rat femur as affected by hypophysectomy and hormonal...
We have investigated the uptake of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-MDP) in the metaphysis and shaft of the rat femur as affected by hypophysectomy and hormonal replacement with growth hormone and thyroxine. Two hours following injection of Tc-MDP, the metaphysis and a specimen of shaft were obtained and the metaphysis-to-shaft radioactivity ratio was measured. By five days after hypophysectomy the metaphysis-to-shaft ratio fell from a control value of 3.8 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- s.e.) to 2.4 +/- 0.2 (p less than 0.05) and remained significantly decreased throughout the 30-day study. When daily hormonal replacement with 0.5 mg of bovine growth hormone and 10 micrograms of thyroxine (both administered intraperitoneally) was given, beginning on the eighth day after hypophysectomy, the metaphysis-to-shaft ratio of Tc-MDP returned to control levels in twelve days. This model demonstrates the effect of growth hormone and thyroxine on the distribution of Tc-MDP, and may be useful as a radiobioassay of net circulating skeletal growth-promoting activity.
Topics: Animals; Diphosphonates; Femur; Growth Hormone; Hypophysectomy; Male; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Technetium; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate; Thyroxine
PubMed: 6219191
DOI: No ID Found -
Endocrinologia Japonica Jun 1981The effect of hypophysectomy and bovine growth hormone (GH) administration on somatostatin (SRIF) content as well as gastrin content in the rat stomach was investigated....
The effect of hypophysectomy and bovine growth hormone (GH) administration on somatostatin (SRIF) content as well as gastrin content in the rat stomach was investigated. SRIF content was determined by a specific radioimmunoassay. The total SRIF content in the stomach had decreased 4 weeks after hypophysectomy but was restored significantly in those rats which were subjected to bovine GH administration for 7 days after hypophysectomy. Furthermore, in control rats, an increase in SRIF content in the stomach was observed after 7 days of GH administration. Similar changes in total content of gastrin were observed after hypophysectomy and bovine GH administration, although these changes were not significant. These results indicate that GH may influence gastric function through changes in SRIF and gastrin content in the stomach.
Topics: Animals; Gastrins; Growth Hormone; Hypophysectomy; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Stomach
PubMed: 6118264
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj1954.28.257 -
The Biochemical Journal Sep 1959
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cell-Free System; Growth Hormone; Hypophysectomy; Liver; Proteins; Rats
PubMed: 14411072
DOI: 10.1042/bj0730061 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Aug 2009To compare the results of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism...
OBJECTIVE
To compare the results of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) caused by histologically confirmed pituitary adenoma.
DESIGN
Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS
11 dogs with PDH that underwent transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.
PROCEDURES
Medical records of dogs examined between January 2001 and March 2003 were reviewed. Dogs were included in this study if they had clinical signs of hypercortisolism at the time of admission (for which PDH was diagnosed) and underwent transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Pre- and postcontrast CT and low-field MRI (0.2-Tesla magnet) were performed on the same day as surgery for each dog.
RESULTS
An abnormal pituitary gland was found in 7 dogs by use of MRI and in the same 7 dogs by use of CT. Significant differences were found between postcontrast CT and MR images for height, width, and length of the pituitary gland; brain area; and thickness of the sphenoid bone. However, the pituitary gland height-to-brain area ratio determined from postcontrast CT and MR images was not significantly different. The signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of pre- and postcontrast MR images were significantly higher than those of the CT images.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Low-field MRI and dynamic CT imaging of the pituitary gland provided comparable information on the presence of pituitary adenomas in dogs with PDH.
Topics: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Animals; Contrast Media; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hypophysectomy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pituitary Gland; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 19681723
DOI: 10.2460/javma.235.4.409 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 1987
Review
Topics: Analgesia; Humans; Hypophysectomy, Chemical; Neoplasms; Nerve Block; Nervous System; Pain, Intractable; Sympathectomy, Chemical
PubMed: 3312427
DOI: 10.1016/s0885-3924(87)80060-x -
Neurologia Medico-chirurgica 2008The incidence and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic hyponatremia were investigated in 94 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery and serum sodium level...
The incidence and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic hyponatremia were investigated in 94 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery and serum sodium level monitoring between January 2002 and December 2006. The records were retrospectively reviewed to determine the incidence and risk factors (age and sex, tumor size, endocrinologic findings) of hyponatremia. Postoperatively, the serum sodium levels of the patients were measured at least once within 2 or 3 days. Hyponatremia was found in 17 of the 94 patients, of whom 7 became symptomatic. The mean sodium level of symptomatic patients with hyponatremia at diagnosis was 123.5 mEq/l, compared with 129.8 mEq/l of asymptomatic patients. The serum sodium levels began to fall on mean postoperative day 7 and reached nadir on mean day 8. All 17 patients with hyponatremia were treated with mild fluid restriction. Four symptomatic patients with severe hyponatremia were treated with 3% hypertonic saline infusion in addition to fluid restriction. One symptomatic patient with severe hyponatremia was treated with fluid restriction only. All patients recovered within 5 days of management. Sex, tumor type, and tumor size did not correlate with development of delayed hyponatremia, but patients aged >/=50 years were more likely to develop hyponatremia. Postoperative hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery is more common than previously reported and may lead to fatal complications. Therefore, all patients should undergo serum electrolyte level monitoring regularly for at least 1 or 2 weeks after transsphenoidal surgery.
Topics: ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic; Adenoma; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Hyponatremia; Hypophysectomy; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Period; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Time Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 19029775
DOI: 10.2176/nmc.48.489 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Jan 2006Acute diabetes insipidus-like symptoms have been reported as a complication after hypophysectomy in dogs. These symptoms are believed to be the consequence of deficiency... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Acute diabetes insipidus-like symptoms have been reported as a complication after hypophysectomy in dogs. These symptoms are believed to be the consequence of deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. The symptoms spontaneously resolve within 2 weeks, but the mechanism is unclear. In the present study, AVP secretion related to increases in Na+ concentration and serum osmotic pressure was measured, and immunohistochemical analysis in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei was performed after hypophysectomy in normal dog. In the hypertonic saline test, the plasma AVP concentration slightly increased in hypophysectomized dogs, although the increase was markedly smaller than that in normal dogs. An immunohistochemical study of the hypothalamus nucleus revealed that, AVP-positive cells tended to decrease after hypophysectomy. It suggests that excision of the posterior lobe by surgery injured the axon of magnocellular neuron in the hypothalamus. A decrease in the function and the number of AVP-producing and -secreting magnocellular neurons after hypophysectomy, suggests that the clinical improvement of postoperative diabetes insipidus-like symptoms may not be related to the recovery of AVP secretion.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Diabetes Insipidus; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Hypophysectomy; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Immunohistochemistry; Osmotic Pressure; Sodium
PubMed: 16462109
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.1