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Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official... Mar 2021Molecular diagnostics have led to the identification of a broad range of bacterial species in cystic fibrosis (CF) including Inquilinus. The clinical significance of...
BACKGROUND
Molecular diagnostics have led to the identification of a broad range of bacterial species in cystic fibrosis (CF) including Inquilinus. The clinical significance of Inquilinus in CF has not been thoroughly characterized.
METHODS
Retrospective, case-control study of persons with CF from two CF centers with at least one respiratory culture positive for Inquilinus spp. compared with age-matched CF controls with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV1) and body mass index percentile (BMI) were modeled from time of first positive culture up to 5 years later. Rates of pulmonary exacerbations were compared. Inquilinus isolates were genotyped to evaluate strain diversity.
RESULTS
Seventeen patients with Inquilinus infection were identified with a mean age of 13 years at first positive culture. Most cases had multiple cultures positive for Inquilinus. ppFEV1 was not different between cases versus controls (80.2% vs 81.6%, p = 0.97 at baseline, 67.5% vs. 73.3%, p = 0.82 at 5 years). Patients were undernourished and BMI percentiles did not differ between groups (30.7% vs 43.4%, p = 0.32 at baseline, 37.9% vs. 37.6%, p = 0.98 at 5 years). There was no difference in the pulmonary exacerbation rate (3.0/year vs 2.5/year, p = 0.34). Genotyping showed diverse genetic strains between patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Inquilinus can present in childhood and is often associated with chronic infection in CF. Lung function and nutrition status at time of detection, lung function decline, and pulmonary exacerbation rates in Inquilinus cases were similar to those with chronic P. aeruginosa, a well-established CF pathogen.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Coinfection; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Persistent Infection; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Rhodospirillaceae; Symptom Flare Up
PubMed: 32747193
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.07.011 -
Microorganisms May 2023The respiratory tract of lung transplant recipients (LTR) is likely to be colonized with non-fermentative Gram-negative rods. As a consequence of the improvements in... (Review)
Review
The respiratory tract of lung transplant recipients (LTR) is likely to be colonized with non-fermentative Gram-negative rods. As a consequence of the improvements in molecular sequencing and taxonomy, an increasing number of bacterial species have been described. We performed a review of the literature of bacterial infections in LTR involving non-fermentative Gram-negative rods with exclusion of , , spp. and spp. Overall, non-fermenting GNR were recovered from 17 LTR involving the following genera: , , , , , and . We then discuss the issues raised by these bacteria, including detection and identification, antimicrobial resistance, pathogenesis, and cross-transmission.
PubMed: 37374970
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061468 -
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 2021is an uncommon, poorly understood bacterium capable of infecting the respiratory tracts of people with cystic fibrosis. The transmission, clinical relevance and changes...
is an uncommon, poorly understood bacterium capable of infecting the respiratory tracts of people with cystic fibrosis. The transmission, clinical relevance and changes in antimicrobial resistance of over time are unclear due to the low frequency of identification. We report three co-habiting brothers with cystic fibrosis who developed chronic infection and document the clinical and microbiological features of the infections. Clinical evolution after infection varied but was associated with an initial decline in lung function. Familial clustering of this rare pathogen raises the possibility of cross-infection as a potential mechanism of transmission of Inquilinus between CF patients.
PubMed: 34381683
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101487 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jan 2023As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide...
BACKGROUND
As the clinical outcome of bite-associated infection is related to the oral commensals, evaluating their composition and antibiotic susceptibility pattern can provide more information for the antibiotic treatment of wound infections and increase the awareness of the multidrug-resistant bacteria in cat oral flora.
AIMS
This study was conducted to identify the various bacterial species in the oral cavity of cats. It aimed to identify the composition of cat oral flora and antibiotic resistant bacterial stains.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-two cats were sampled for bacterial evaluation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to provide rapid and reliable detection and identification of the bacterial species. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in the identified isolates to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and to detect the multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavities.
RESULTS
A total of 54 isolates were identified, Pasteurella was the genus most commonly isolated from the oral cavity of cats (19/54, 35.19%), followed by Neisseria spp. (8/54, 14.81%) and Staphylococcus spp. (7/54, 12.96%). Uncommon oral flora were isolated from the samples, including Pasteurella canis, Inquilinus limosus and the Enterobacteriaceae family of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens. Fourteen different multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected, including Pasteurella species (4/14), Bacillus species (2/14), Neisseria species (3/14), Escherichia species (1/14) and Staphylococcus species (4/14).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
This study's findings will increase the understanding of the composition of cat oral flora in Hong Kong, which can provide more evidence-based information for the prophylactic treatment of patients with cat bite infections. Moreover, the study identified and detected the antibiotic resistance pattern and multidrug-resistant bacteria in the cat oral cavity, which can help cat owners increase their awareness of maintaining regular oral hygiene for their cats to prevent the spread of pathogens from cats to humans.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hong Kong; Enterobacteriaceae; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli
PubMed: 36520663
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1040 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2018Selecting appropriate tools providing reliable quantitative measures of individual populations in biofilms is critical as we now recognize their true polymicrobial and...
Selecting appropriate tools providing reliable quantitative measures of individual populations in biofilms is critical as we now recognize their true polymicrobial and heterogeneous nature. Here, plate count, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and peptide nucleic acid probe-fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH) were employed to quantitate cystic fibrosis multispecies biofilms. Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Inquilinus limosus and Dolosigranulum pigrum was assessed in dual- and triple-species consortia under oxygen and antibiotic stress. Quantification methods, that were previously optimized and validated in planktonic consortia, were not always in agreement when applied in multispecies biofilms. Discrepancies in culture and molecular outcomes were observed, particularly for triple-species consortia and antibiotic-stressed biofilms. Some differences were observed, such as the higher bacterial counts obtained by q-PCR and/or PNA-FISH (≤4 log cells/cm) compared to culture. But the discrepancies between PNA-FISH and q-PCR data (eg D. pigrum limited assessment by q-PCR) demonstrate the effect of biofilm heterogeneity in method's reliability. As the heterogeneity in biofilms is a reflection of a myriad of variables, tailoring an accurate picture of communities´ changes is crucial. This work demonstrates that at least two, but preferentially three, quantification techniques are required to obtain reliable measures and take comprehensive analysis of polymicrobial biofilm-associated infections.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Carnobacteriaceae; Cystic Fibrosis; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Rhodospirillaceae
PubMed: 29934504
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27497-9 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Jun 2008
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Culture Media; Cystic Fibrosis; DNA Primers; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhodospirillaceae; Sputum
PubMed: 18507928
DOI: 10.3201/eid1406.071355 -
Annals of Translational Medicine May 2022Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (B-HCC) negatively affects the gut microbiome. This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profiles and...
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (B-HCC) negatively affects the gut microbiome. This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profiles and functions post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) after extended hepatectomy (e-PHLF) to obtain valuable insights, identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, and assist in the treatment of this disease.
METHODS
B-HCC patients who underwent extended hepatectomy were consecutively recruited and divided into Group A (n=15) and Group B (n=15) based on the presence and absence of e-PHLF, respectively. The relationships between gut microbiota and extended hepatectomy liver failure were explored using 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing data.
RESULTS
Following extended hepatectomy, the α-diversity of Group A was significantly higher than that of Group B (Shannon P=0.034 or Simpson P=0.031), and the β-diversity differed significantly between Groups A and B (P=0.004, R=0.100). At the genus level, 10 bacterial genera ( and ) were significantly enriched in Group A, whereas five genera ( and ) were significantly enriched in Group B. The highly abundant genera , and participated in multiple amino acid metabolism pathways, organic acid metabolism pathways, pyrimidine metabolism pathways, palmitate biosynthesis, and stearate biosynthesis. Redundancy analysis showed that four environmental factors (total bilirubin, international normalized ratio, prealbumin, and albumin) were significantly correlated with intestinal microorganisms. The formation of interaction networks between different gut microbiomes revealed important correlations between the gut microbiome, and there was a significant correlation between the highly abundant gut microbiome and main functions.
CONCLUSIONS
The gut microbiota characteristics in B-HCC patients after extended hepatectomy liver failure might allow for the use of non-invasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 35722392
DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-1958 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2005Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) may be colonized with unusual gram-negative bacilli whose identification is difficult and clinical impact unclear. We describe the...
Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) may be colonized with unusual gram-negative bacilli whose identification is difficult and clinical impact unclear. We describe the clinical and microbiological features of five colonizations with organisms belonging to the recently described genus Inquilinus in CF patients. Isolates were identified from Burkholderia cepacia selective medium by means of 16S rRNA analysis. All of them were resistant to colistin, penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams but exhibited a remarkable susceptibility to imipenem. One of the five patients was transiently colonized with a nonmucoid isolate, whereas the four other patients were persistently colonized over the period of follow-up (8 to 21 months) with mucoid isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of SpeI-digested genomic DNA was powerful for strain genotyping and demonstrated the clonality of Inquilinus sp. colonization for the two patients tested. Clinical evolution after the onset of Inquilinus was heterogeneous, but for at least one patient the lung function worsened and eradication of Inquilinus sp. was unsuccessful despite several imipenem courses. Finally, Inquilinus spp. may represent a new threat for CF patients due to their mucoid characteristic, their multiresistant pattern to antibiotics, and their ability to persist in the respiratory tract.
Topics: Alphaproteobacteria; Base Sequence; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 16081934
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.8.3938-3943.2005 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Mar 2023Inquilinus limosus is an environmental bacterium associated with respiratory tract colonization in cystic fibrosis patients. We report a case of I. limosus bacteremia in...
Inquilinus limosus is an environmental bacterium associated with respiratory tract colonization in cystic fibrosis patients. We report a case of I. limosus bacteremia in a patient in France who received a lung transplant and experienced chronic graft dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection. This case suggests I. limosus displays virulence factors associated with invasion.
Topics: Humans; Transplant Recipients; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Bacteremia; Lung
PubMed: 36823767
DOI: 10.3201/eid2903.221564 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021(Fisch.) Bge. var. , which is used in traditional Chinese medicine, contains several bioactive ingredients. The root-associated microbial communities play a crucial...
(Fisch.) Bge. var. , which is used in traditional Chinese medicine, contains several bioactive ingredients. The root-associated microbial communities play a crucial role in the production of secondary metabolites in plants. However, the correlation of root-associated bacteria and fungi with the bioactive ingredients production in . has not been elucidated. This study aimed to examine the changes in soil properties, root bioactive ingredients, and microbial communities in different cultivation years. The root-associated bacterial and fungal composition was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The correlation between root-associated bacteria and fungi, soil properties, and six major bioactive ingredients were examined using multivariate correlation analysis. Results showed that soil properties and bioactive ingredients were distinct across different cultivation years. The composition of the rhizosphere microbiome was different from that of the root endosphere microbiome. The bacterial community structure was affected by the cultivation year and exhibited a time-decay pattern. Soil properties affected the fungal community composition. It was found that 18 root-associated bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and four fungal OTUs were positively and negatively correlated with bioactive ingredient content, respectively. The abundance of in the rhizosphere was positively correlated with astragaloside content. and in the endosphere were positively correlated with the calycosin content. In summary, this study provided a new opportunity and theoretical reference for improving the production and quality of in , which thus increase the pharmacological value of
PubMed: 34046020
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.642730