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International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2021Hypertension and metabolic syndrome (METSYN) are reportedly high in police forces. This may contribute to health deterioration and absenteeism in police personnel....
Hypertension and metabolic syndrome (METSYN) are reportedly high in police forces. This may contribute to health deterioration and absenteeism in police personnel. Police forces comprise of staff in 'operational' and 'non-operational' job types but it is not known if job type is associated to hypertension and METSYN prevalence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of hypertension and METSYN, the factors associated with the risk of hypertension and METSYN, and compare physiological, psychological, and behavioural factors between operational and non-operational police personnel. Cross-sectional data was collected from 77 operational and 60 non-operational police workers. Hypertension and METSYN were prevalent in 60.5% and 20% of operational and 60.0% and 13.6% of non-operational police personnel, respectively ( > 0.05). Operational job type, moderate organisational stress (compared with low stress) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with lower odds of hypertension, whereas increasing body mass index was associated with increased odds of hypertension ( < 0.05). None of the independent variables were significantly associated with the odds of METSYN. Operational police had several increased cardiometabolic risk markers compared with non-operational police. Given the high prevalence of hypertension and METSYN in operational and non-operational personnel, occupational health interventions are needed for the police and could be informed by the findings of this study.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Syndrome; Police; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 34206524
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136728 -
International Maritime Health 2023Coastal fishermen are particularly affected by occupational stress and burnout because they are exposed to high psychosocial factors at work and organizational...
BACKGROUND
Coastal fishermen are particularly affected by occupational stress and burnout because they are exposed to high psychosocial factors at work and organizational constraints related to difficult working conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This survey aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BOS) of fishermen and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational parameters. This cross-sectional study involved a representative sample of 761 fishermen. We used an individual questionnaire including socio-demographic and occupational parameters, the Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, and Maslach BO Inventory. BOS includes three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and loss of self-efficacy. The positive diagnosis of BOS is retained if the scores of the three dimensions are abnormal (high for the first two and low for the third).
RESULTS
Five hundred and twenty-six people agreed to answer the questionnaire. Of these, 16.1% had a high emotional exhaustion, 13.9% high depersonalisation, and 11.2% low personal accomplishment. Furthermore, 37.1% had at least one abnormal dimension of BOS: 16.9% had one abnormal dimension, 12.2% two, and 8% three (BOS). The prevalence of abnormal dimensions of BOS was significantly higher in pilots-copilots (67.9%), and in mechanics (63.5%) than in sailors (27.8%). It was higher in fishermen living alone (44.4%), having seasonal job (57.9%), suffering of job strain (42.1%) or isostrain (57.9%), and sleep disorders (55.4%). The multivariate logistic regression showed that job strain, isostrain, fatigue, sleep disorders, seasonal job and daily working > 14 h constituted a major risk factor of abnormal dimension of BOS.
CONCLUSIONS
It is imperative to identify priority actions to improve the working conditions of fishermen, and to develop a genuine prevention policy.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Occupational Stress; Burnout, Professional; Surveys and Questionnaires; Anxiety; Job Satisfaction
PubMed: 37781947
DOI: 10.5603/imh.96404 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Oct 2014IL-17 immunity has been shown to be essential for mucocutaneous protection against Candida albicans in mice and humans. However, mice with defective IL-17 immunity... (Review)
Review
IL-17 immunity has been shown to be essential for mucocutaneous protection against Candida albicans in mice and humans. However, mice with defective IL-17 immunity display broader susceptibility, as they are also prone to infections with diverse infectious agents at various sites. Humans with genetic defects affecting their IL-17 immunity usually suffer from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC): recurrent or persistent infections of the skin, nails, and mucosae with C. albicans, with or without other clinical signs. Most patients with autosomal dominant (AD) hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) due to STAT3 deficiency or AD STAT1 gain-of-function display impaired IL-17-producing T-cell development, and CMC is one of their principal clinical manifestations. Similarly, patients with autosomal recessive (AR) autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) caused by AIRE deficiency have high levels of neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-17A, IL-17F and/or IL-22 and present CMC as their only infectious disease. Finally, CMC is the main clinical phenotype observed in patients with inborn errors specifically affecting IL-17 immunity. Indeed, patients with AD IL-17F deficiency or AR IL-17RA or ACT1 deficiency display CMC and, to a lesser extent, superficial staphylococcal diseases. Candida infection was recently reported in psoriasis patients treated with anti-IL-17A antibodies. Careful monitoring for CMC is thus important during anti-IL-17 treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infections; Interleukin-17; Job Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune; Psoriasis; Staphylococcal Skin Infections
PubMed: 25398490
DOI: 10.1016/S0001-7310(14)70016-X -
The International Journal of... Jan 2018The occupation of the people can influence the development of metabolic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
The occupation of the people can influence the development of metabolic syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the association between metabolic syndrome and its determinants with the job rank in workers of a large car factory in Iran.
METHODS
3989 male workers at a large car manufacturing company were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and anthropometric data of the participants, including age, height, weight, and abdominal circumference were measured. Blood samples were taken to measure lipid profile and blood glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in each participant based on ATPIII 2001 criteria. The workers were categorized based on their job rank into 3 groups of (1) office workers, (2) workers with physical exertion, and (3) workers with chemical exposure. The study characteristics, particularly the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its determinants were compared among the study groups.
RESULTS
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our study was 7.7% (95% CI 6.9 to 8.5). HDL levels were significantly lower in those who had chemical exposure (p=0.045). Diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in those who had mechanical exertion (p=0.026). The frequency of metabolic syndrome in the office workers, workers with physical exertion, and workers with chemical exposure was 7.3%, 7.9%, and 7.8%, respectively (p=0.836).
CONCLUSION
Seemingly, there is no association between metabolic syndrome and job rank.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Health; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29319054
DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2018.1197 -
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology :... Jan 2022Primary atopic disorders (PADs) are monogenic diseases characterized by allergy or atopy-related symptoms as fundamental features. In patients with PADs, primary immune... (Review)
Review
Primary atopic disorders (PADs) are monogenic diseases characterized by allergy or atopy-related symptoms as fundamental features. In patients with PADs, primary immune deficiency and immune dysregulation symptoms are usually coexist. Chronic skin disease, manifesting with erythroderma, severe atopic dermatitis or eczema, and urticaria, is one of the main features observed in PADs, such as hyper-IgE syndromes, Omenn syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, IPEX-linked syndrome, skin barrier disorders, as well as some autoinflammatory diseases. The recognition of PADs in the context of an allergic phenotype is crucial to ensure prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This article provides an overview of the main PADs with skin involvement.
Topics: Eczema; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Job Syndrome; Skin Diseases; Urticaria
PubMed: 35080318
DOI: 10.1111/pai.13633 -
PloS One 2021The aim was to examine potential associations between psychosocial job exposures, evaluated with the Job Demand-Control-model, and presence of coronary artery calcium.
PURPOSE
The aim was to examine potential associations between psychosocial job exposures, evaluated with the Job Demand-Control-model, and presence of coronary artery calcium.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional study using the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study,(SCAPIS)pilot study. Coronary artery calcium was assessed through computed tomography of the coronary arteries and with coronary artery scoring, CACS. Main outcome was CACS ≥100 compared to CACS 0. Job demand and control was analysed according to the standard categorization of the two variables into: high strain, active, passive and low strain (reference). Associations between these variables and CACS were calculated with prevalence ratios (PR) using Cox regression with robust variance, 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted for age, smoking, education, socioeconomic area and metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS
In total 777 participants were used in our analyses, for which 20% of the men and 5% of the women had CACS ≥100, respectively. The PR of having CACS ≥100 was non-significantly elevated for men in high strain jobs 1.54 (95% CI 0.88-2.69) and in active jobs 1.67 (95% CI 0.92-3.06), adjusted for covariates. For women there was no association between exposure to high strain and having CACS ≥100 PR 1.02 (95% CI 0.24-4.31). Among women reporting passive job, the PR was non-significantly elevated, 2.40 (95% CI 0.83-6.92), adjusted for covariates.
CONCLUSION
The statistical power of the study was limited, but our results suggests the possibility that exposure to a high strain or an active job situation may increase the risk of CACS in men, while in women, it may rather be exposure to passive job.
Topics: Confidence Intervals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Proportional Hazards Models; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 34033665
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252192 -
CEN Case Reports May 2016Job's syndrome or autosomal dominant hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Hyper-IgE) is a rare disorder that results from a STAT3 gene mutation, which results in the absence...
Job's syndrome or autosomal dominant hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Hyper-IgE) is a rare disorder that results from a STAT3 gene mutation, which results in the absence of T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and manifests as a severe immunodeficiency. Affected individuals suffer recurrent soft tissue and pulmonary infections among other manifestations, and the spectrum of the disease is still being characterized. We describe 2 sisters with Job's syndrome each with variable expressivity. However, both patients developed proteinuric kidney disease and had biopsies confirming the presence of immune complex glomerulonephritis with staining for immunoglobulins and complement components. Previous reports link Job's syndrome and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but proliferative immune complex glomerulonephritis has not been described. We speculate that continual internal and external antigen exposure may induce an autoimmune process similar to SLE, which in turn may account for the immune complex disease in the kidney.
PubMed: 28509165
DOI: 10.1007/s13730-015-0191-0 -
Journal of Pediatric Genetics Sep 2023
PubMed: 37575644
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764300 -
Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North... May 2008The hyper IgE syndromes (HIES) are rare primary immune deficiencies characterized by elevated serum IgE, rash, and recurrent bacterial infections of the skin and lung.... (Review)
Review
The hyper IgE syndromes (HIES) are rare primary immune deficiencies characterized by elevated serum IgE, rash, and recurrent bacterial infections of the skin and lung. Autosomal dominant HIES, the most common disease in this group, results from STAT3 mutations and has a variety of connective tissue and skeletal abnormalities. The genetic etiologies of the more rare autosomal recessive forms still need delineation. Treatment of these syndromes has relied on prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial agents and aggressive skin care. The new and evolving genetic and immunologic understandings of this previously elusive set of diseases should lead to more effective disease-specific therapies.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Infections; Job Syndrome; STAT3 Transcription Factor
PubMed: 18424333
DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2008.01.005 -
JAK-STAT Jul 2013Emerging evidences suggest Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway plays an important role in bone development and... (Review)
Review
Emerging evidences suggest Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway plays an important role in bone development and metabolism. Effects of JAK-STAT pathway on skeletal development are summarized based on skeletal phenotype of individual JAK and STAT gene knockout mouse. Furthermore, STAT3 has more profound effects on bone homeostasis compared with the other STATs. STAT3 mutation causes a disease called Job syndrome, most patients with which have associated craniofacial and skeletal features. Selective inactivation of STAT3 in osteoblasts decreases bone formation and skeletal responsiveness to mechanical loading. Future research includes investigating JAK-STAT signaling in osteoclasts and osteocytes.
PubMed: 24069548
DOI: 10.4161/jkst.23930