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BMJ Open Oct 2022To evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome (BS) and depressive symptoms (DS) based on the job demand-control framework model on a nationally...
Relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome and depressive symptoms in physicians: a cross-sectional study based on the employment demand-control model using structural equation modelling.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome (BS) and depressive symptoms (DS) based on the job demand-control framework model on a nationally representative sample of physicians working in the Peruvian Health System.
SETTING
We carried out a secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Satisfaction of Users in Health 2016 in Peru.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Our study assessed the development of the predictive model and had two parts: (1) to evaluate the association among the variables based on the job demand-control framework, and (2) to assess the proposed model acceptability using the structural equation modelling approach to estimate goodness-of-fit indices (GOFIs).
PARTICIPANTS
We excluded physicians older than 65 years, who did not report income levels or who had missing data related to the workplace. Thus, we analysed 2100 participants.
RESULTS
The prevalence of DS was 3.3%. Physicians' work-related illnesses had more probability to result in DS (prevalence ratio=2.23). DS was moderately related to BS dimensions (r>0.50); nevertheless, the relationships between DS and the three job satisfaction scales were weak (r<0.30). The first predictive model based on the variables, DS, BS and job satisfaction, had low GOFIs (comparative fit index (CFI)=0.883; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.125). In a second evaluation, we used models with correlated errors obtaining optimal GOFIs (CFI=0.974; RMSEA=0.060).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study identified a stable model to explain the relationship between job satisfaction, BS and DS among physicians. The results are consistent with the job demand-control framework. They could be applied to decision-making in occupational contexts in Latin American low/middle-income countries.
Topics: Humans; Job Satisfaction; Cross-Sectional Studies; Burnout, Professional; Latent Class Analysis; Depression; Workplace; Burnout, Psychological
PubMed: 36261241
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057888 -
Evaluation & the Health Professions Dec 2023Job demands and resources have been consistently associated with the burnout syndrome in physicians, however the literature points to a lack of robust measures to assess...
Job demands and resources have been consistently associated with the burnout syndrome in physicians, however the literature points to a lack of robust measures to assess these job characteristics across various medical specialties. This study aimed to develop a theoretically and empirically grounded physician-specific job demands and resources self-report measure - the . Relevant dimensions of physicians' job demands and resources were identified, corresponding measurement items were generated and pre-tested, and the factor structure of the resulting 44 items was tested with a sample of 9,176 Portuguese physicians. The results of EFAs and CFAs with two random split samples provided consistent evidence of a nine-factor structure with 38 of the 44 items. Importantly, the nine-factor structure is consistent with the dimensions identified in the literature. The paper discusses the theoretical and practical impacts of the scale.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Burnout, Professional; Surveys and Questionnaires; Physicians; Self Report; Job Satisfaction; Workload
PubMed: 37587739
DOI: 10.1177/01632787231195077 -
Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of... Aug 2018Spectacular progress has been made in the characterization of human hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) over the last 50 years. HIES is a primary immunodeficiency defined as an... (Review)
Review
Spectacular progress has been made in the characterization of human hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) over the last 50 years. HIES is a primary immunodeficiency defined as an association of atopy in a context of very high serum IgE levels, characteristic bacterial and fungal diseases, low-level clinical and biological inflammation, and various non-hematopoietic developmental manifestations. Somewhat arbitrarily, three disorders were successively put forward as the underlying cause of HIES: autosomal dominant (AD) STAT3 deficiency, the only disorder corresponding to the original definition of HIES, and autosomal recessive (AR) DOCK8 and PGM3 deficiencies, in which atopy and high serum IgE levels occur in a context of manifestations not seen in patients with typical HIES. Indeed, these three disorders disrupt different molecular pathways, affect different cell types, and underlie different clinical phenotypes. Surprisingly, several other inherited inborn errors of immunity in which serum IgE levels are high, sometimes almost as high as those in HIES patients, are not considered to belong to the HIES group of diseases. Studies of HIES have been further complicated by the lack of a high serum IgE phenotype in all mouse models of the disease other than two Stat3 mutant strains. The study of infections in mutant mice has helped elucidate only some forms of HIES and infection. Mouse models of these conditions have also been used to study non-hematopoietic phenotypes for STAT3 deficiency, tissue-specific immunity for DOCK8 deficiency, and cell lineage maturation for PGM3 deficiency. We review here the history of the field of HIES since the first clinical description of this condition in 1966, together with the three disorders commonly referred to as HIES, focusing, in particular, on their mouse models. We propose the restriction of the term "HIES" to patients with an AD STAT3-deficiency phenotype, including the most recently described AR ZNF341 deficiency, thus excluding AR DOCK8 and PGM3 deficiencies from the definition of this disease.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Job Syndrome; Phenotype; Phosphoglucomutase; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 30094507
DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9767-2 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2019As has been shown by several studies, teaching is a highly stressful occupation (Johnson et al., 2005), and most teachers experience work stress. Long-term stress...
As has been shown by several studies, teaching is a highly stressful occupation (Johnson et al., 2005), and most teachers experience work stress. Long-term stress decreases job satisfaction and can result in chronic exhaustion which can develop into burnout syndrome. Implications of burnout syndrome are strongly negative both for the personal and professional life of teachers. As burnout syndrome puts teachers' well-being, quality of the teaching process and relationships with students at risk, it is important to seek ways to avoid teachersÉ' burnout. Many studies have confirmed the protective role that coping strategies play in managing stressful situations, teacher's self-efficacy or social support. In previous studies, a negative connection was found between burnout syndrome and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is a crucial element in the definition of wellbeing. We find wellbeing rather not as a resource for burnout prevention but as an opposite state to burnout syndrome. The paper presents a quantitative survey on burnout syndrome and related variables among Czech elementary school teachers ( = 2,394). According to burnout score, two subgroups were selected - teachers with no burnout manifestations and teachers with developing/developed burnout syndrome. Through the statistical analysis, these two groups were compared in job satisfaction, self-efficacy, coping strategies, and social support. The study shows significant differences between the two groups of teachers in all examined variables. The strongest impact on burnout syndrome was found for negative coping.
PubMed: 31736813
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02287 -
Industrial Health Dec 2023Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder predisposing patients to a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Specific guidelines on the health...
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder predisposing patients to a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Specific guidelines on the health surveillance of BrS workers are lacking. We report here three cases requiring assessment of specific job capacity, investigated with an interdisciplinary protocol including 24-h Holter electrocardiography with modified precordial leads, pharmacological test with ajmaline, molecular genetic analysis, electrophysiological study with ventricular stimulation, risk stratification, and occupational medicine evaluation: (1) a female 42-yr-old company manager with positive ajmaline test and CACNA1C gene mutation (judged fit for the job with limitations regarding work-related stress); (2) a male 44-yr-old welder with positive ajmaline test, SCN5A gene mutation, and associated OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome), who was advised to refrain from night shifts and driving company vehicles; (3) a male 45-yr-old electrical technician with inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmia, who was implanted with a biventricular cardioverter defibrillator, and therefore recommended to avoid exposure to electromagnetic fields and working at heights. We conclude that the collaboration between the cardiologist and the occupational physician allows defining the functional capabilities and the arrhythmogenic risk of BrS workers, to optimize job fitness assessment.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Brugada Syndrome; Electrocardiography; Ajmaline; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory
PubMed: 36724992
DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2022-0205 -
Journal of Asthma and Allergy 2017Patients with autosomal-dominant (AD) hyper immunoglobulin E (IgE) syndrome (HIES) or Job syndrome develop frequent dermatologic and pulmonary infections. As patients...
Patients with autosomal-dominant (AD) hyper immunoglobulin E (IgE) syndrome (HIES) or Job syndrome develop frequent dermatologic and pulmonary infections. As patients have an extreme elevation of IgE levels, this database analysis study sought to study the association between AD HIES, Job syndrome, and anaphylaxis. HIES is a heterogeneous group of immune disorders characterized by extremely elevated levels of serum IgE. Although the molecular defects and clinical phenotypes found in association with Job syndrome are well characterized, the association with severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis is a subject of ongoing investigation.
PubMed: 28280372
DOI: 10.2147/JAA.S129160 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021Burnout syndrome and job satisfaction are topics of increasing interest due to their relevance in people's health and well-being. Besides, they are considered very... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Burnout syndrome and job satisfaction are topics of increasing interest due to their relevance in people's health and well-being. Besides, they are considered very relevant in the fields of social and health care studies.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to analyse the professional profile of music therapists in Spain and the prevalence of burnout syndrome and job satisfaction among them.
METHODS
This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out using an ad-hoc online questionnaire, the Maslach Scale and the general satisfaction scale on a sample of employed Spanish music therapists with more than two years of working experience in Spain.
RESULTS
Eighty questionnaires were analysed. The majority of the participants were between 30-39 years old (38.8%) and were women (85%). They combined their profession with other occupations (76.3%), mostly in care roles with a fix term contract and were self-employed (40%). The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 3.8% ( < 0.001) and the predisposition or tendency to develop this condition was over 57.5% ( < 0.001). The highest levels of burnout syndrome were found in professionals with trainee contracts ( = 0.001), in those who were providing training ( = 0.021), who attended 6 to 10 patients per week ( = 0.001), who were usually working with a therapist colleague ( = 0.046) and those who did not take prescribed psychotropic drugs ( = 0.034). The highest level of job satisfaction was observed in music therapists working in the field of disability ( = 0.010) and mental health ( = 0.022) and with seniority in their job position. The lowest level of job satisfaction was seen in music therapists with trainee contracts ( = 0.041), with less working hours per week ( = 0.016), working in the field of education ( = 0.006) and in those who did not feel valued by their colleagues ( < 0.001) or by the director of the centre where they worked ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of this study, Spanish music therapists show a low prevalence of burnout syndrome but a moderate-high predisposition to develop it. Music therapists with burnout syndrome are those who work longer hours and perform their job in palliative care setting. In general, music therapists have a high level of both intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction. The lowest level of job satisfaction was found in music therapists with trainee contracts and the highest in music therapists with senior positions.
Topics: Adult; Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Male; Music; Prevalence; Spain; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34501697
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179108 -
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical... Dec 2023Allergy and atopic features are now well recognized manifestations of many inborn errors of immunity (IEI), and indeed may be the hallmark in some, such as DOCK8... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Allergy and atopic features are now well recognized manifestations of many inborn errors of immunity (IEI), and indeed may be the hallmark in some, such as DOCK8 deficiency. In this review, we describe the current IEI associated with atopy, using a comprehensive literature search and updates from the IUIS highlighting clinical clues for underlying IEI such as very early onset of atopic disease or treatment resistance to enable early and accurate genetic diagnosis.
RECENT FINDINGS
We focus on recently described genes, their categories of pathogenic mechanisms and the expanding range of potential therapies.
SUMMARY
We highlight in this review that patients with very early onset or treatment resistant atopic disorders should be investigated for an IEI, as targeted and effective therapies exist. Early and accurate genetic diagnosis is crucial in this cohort to reduce the burden of disease and mortality.
Topics: Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Hypersensitivity; Job Syndrome; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
PubMed: 37755421
DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000943 -
Annals of the New York Academy of... Nov 2015Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize common microbial or host-derived macromolecules and have important roles in early activation of the immune system. Patients with... (Review)
Review
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize common microbial or host-derived macromolecules and have important roles in early activation of the immune system. Patients with primary immune deficiencies (PIDs) affecting TLR signaling can elucidate the importance of these proteins to the human immune system. Defects in interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) lead to susceptibility to infections with bacteria, while mutations in nuclear factor-κB essential modulator (NEMO) and other downstream mediators generally induce broader susceptibility to bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In contrast, TLR3 signaling defects are specific for susceptibility to herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis. Other PIDs induce functional alterations of TLR signaling pathways, such as common variable immunodeficiency in which plasmacytoid dendritic cell defects enhance defective responses of B cells to shared TLR agonists. Dampening of TLR responses is seen for TLRs 2 and 4 in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Enhanced TLR responses, meanwhile, are seen for TLRs 5 and 9 in CGD, TLRs 4, 7/8, and 9 in XLA, TLRs 2 and 4 in hyper IgE syndrome, and for most TLRs in adenosine deaminase deficiency.
Topics: Adenosine Deaminase; Agammaglobulinemia; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic; Humans; I-kappa B Kinase; Job Syndrome; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency; Signal Transduction; Toll-Like Receptors
PubMed: 25930993
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12763 -
Journal of Clinical Immunology Oct 2015The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical regulator of multiple, diverse cellular processes. Heterozgyous,... (Review)
Review
The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical regulator of multiple, diverse cellular processes. Heterozgyous, germline, loss-of-function mutations in STAT3 lead to the primary immune deficiency Hyper-IgE syndrome. Heterozygous, somatic, gain-of-function mutations in STAT3 have been reported in malignancy. Recently, germline, heterozygous mutations in STAT3 that confer a gain-of-function have been discovered and result in early-onset, multi-organ autoimmunity. This review summarizes what is known about the role of STAT3 in human disease.
Topics: Adult Stem Cells; Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Job Syndrome; Mutation; Phosphorylation; STAT3 Transcription Factor
PubMed: 26280891
DOI: 10.1007/s10875-015-0187-8