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Pediatric Clinics of North America Dec 2019Juvenile drug treatment courts (JDTCs) were established in the 1990s to reduce the cycle of crime, drug use, and delinquency among youthful offenders. The principles and... (Review)
Review
Juvenile drug treatment courts (JDTCs) were established in the 1990s to reduce the cycle of crime, drug use, and delinquency among youthful offenders. The principles and guidelines underlying JDTCs, roles of multidisciplinary team members, and procedures common to JDTCs are described. Youth served by JDTCs are frequently male, identify as racial or ethnic minorities, come from impoverished backgrounds, and experience significant psychiatric comorbidity. This article reviews the small number of clinical trials that have examined adjunctive treatments using family-based and individual behavioral treatment approaches designed to improve the overall efficacy of JDTCs. Considerations for future research on JDTCs are described.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Judicial Role; Juvenile Delinquency; Substance-Related Disorders; United States
PubMed: 31679607
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2019.08.011 -
California Medicine Dec 1956Not all behavior problems develop into juvenile delinquency nor do all juvenile delinquents become adult criminals. Environment is not in itself the only determining...
Not all behavior problems develop into juvenile delinquency nor do all juvenile delinquents become adult criminals. Environment is not in itself the only determining factor in the development of delinquency; rather, environment may offer the opportunity for acting out conflicts in an antisocial way. Conflicts are dealt with by antisocial behavior patterns rather than through various neurotic defense mechanisms. There appears to be a defect in conscience. Parental roles are extremely important in helping the growing child develop those positive aspects of his personality which lead to adult maturity and adult happiness. Included in parental factors are the relationships of both parents to the child, not just in what is conscious and deliberate in the relationship, but in what also can occur unconsciously or without awareness in the relationship.
Topics: Adult; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Child; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Parents
PubMed: 13374562
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Environmental and Public... 2022In recent years, the crime rate of minors in our country has risen steadily, laying a hidden danger for the harmonious and orderly development of the country and...
In recent years, the crime rate of minors in our country has risen steadily, laying a hidden danger for the harmonious and orderly development of the country and society. The healthy growth of teenagers is not only related to the harmony of a family and the future of a nation but also to the destiny of a country. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy growth of young people and prevent juvenile delinquency, we should start with the causes of juvenile delinquency, identifying the core issues, so as to better study juvenile delinquency. In schools and families, strengthen the education of minors and guide them to develop positively. In terms of law, strengthen the supervision of minors to prevent them from breaking the law.
Topics: Juvenile Delinquency; Socialization; Crime; Social Control, Formal; Schools
PubMed: 36262935
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8657491 -
Journal of Youth and Adolescence Apr 2016Participation in sports activities is very popular among adolescents, and is frequently encouraged among youth. Many psychosocial health benefits in youth are attributed... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Participation in sports activities is very popular among adolescents, and is frequently encouraged among youth. Many psychosocial health benefits in youth are attributed to sports participation, but to what extent this positive influence holds for juvenile delinquency is still not clear on both the theoretical and empirical level. There is much controversy on whether sports participation should be perceived as a protective or a risk factor for the development of juvenile delinquency. A multilevel meta-analysis of 51 published and unpublished studies, with 48 independent samples containing 431 effect sizes and N = 132,366 adolescents, was conducted to examine the relationship between sports participation and juvenile delinquency and possible moderating factors of this association. The results showed that there is no overall significant association between sports participation and juvenile delinquency, indicating that adolescent athletes are neither more nor less delinquent than non-athletes. Some study, sample and sports characteristics significantly moderated the relationship between sports participation and juvenile delinquency. However, this moderating influence was modest. Implications for theory and practice concerning the use of sports to prevent juvenile delinquency are discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Female; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Male; Risk Factors; Sports; Violence
PubMed: 26597782
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0389-7 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2016Within the past decade, reliance on the juvenile justice system to meet the needs of juvenile offenders with mental health concerns has increased. Due to this tendency,... (Review)
Review
Within the past decade, reliance on the juvenile justice system to meet the needs of juvenile offenders with mental health concerns has increased. Due to this tendency, research has been conducted on the effectiveness of various intervention and treatment programs/approaches with varied success. Recent literature suggests that because of interrelated problems involved for youth in the juvenile justice system with mental health issues, a dynamic system of care that extends beyond mere treatment within the juvenile justice system is the most promising. The authors provide a brief overview of the extent to which delinquency and mental illness co-occur; why treatment for these individuals requires a system of care; intervention models; and the juvenile justice systems role in providing mental health services to delinquent youth. Current and future advancements and implications for practitioners are provided.
Topics: Adolescent; Child Advocacy; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Mental Disorders; Mental Health Services; Prevalence; United States
PubMed: 26901213
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13020228 -
Occupational Therapy International 2022The related literature is studied to explore the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency groups and implement their psychological characteristics model for...
The related literature is studied to explore the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency groups and implement their psychological characteristics model for the intervention of health behavior. Drawing on the results of current literature research, the Youth Psychological Characteristics Crime Prevention Questionnaire (YPPQ) was compiled, which can be simply referred to as the Crime Prevention Questionnaire. The whole psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency are analyzed by means of a questionnaire. Firstly, the YPPQ scores of different groups were compared, and a structured interview was conducted on the reasons for the crime of the problem youth group. Secondly, data analysis was carried out on the results of questionnaires and interviews, and the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency were summarized. A "mixed hierarchical intervention model" was proposed to intervene in the mental health behavior of juvenile delinquency groups, and corresponding intervention strategies were also proposed. The results reveal that through the questionnaire survey, the educational background of juvenile subjects was generally distributed in middle school, the number of juveniles with primary school education was less than 30% of the juvenile delinquency groups, the middle school education accounted for more than 60% of the juvenile delinquency groups, and the approximate age was about 18 years old. The largest number in each group were adolescents with secondary school education, indicating the importance of psychological education on crime prevention for adolescents in secondary school. By comparing the YPPQ test scores of different groups, the adolescent group has higher test scores than the juvenile delinquency groups in five of the dimensions. Through the comparative analysis of the YPPQ test results of the juvenile delinquency groups, the problem youth group, and the normal youth group, it is found that the YPPQ has high reliability and validity, so its detection and evaluation are highly feasible. By comparing the odds ratio (OR) of each question in the YPPQ test between the experimental group and the control group, it is found that the psychological characteristics of the experimental group are significantly affected by family, school, and even society. Finally, it proposes a "mixed hierarchical intervention model" for juvenile delinquency to intervene in health behaviors. The purpose is to provide some research ideas for the study of the psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquency groups and to put forward some suggestions for the prevention of juvenile delinquency and the intervention of health behavior.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Health Behavior; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Occupational Therapy; Reproducibility of Results; Schools
PubMed: 35989717
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3684691 -
Revista Espanola de Sanidad... 2020Juvenile delinquency is a multi-causal social phenomenon, in which socio-cultural and economic, family and individual factors are interrelated. In young people with a... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Juvenile delinquency is a multi-causal social phenomenon, in which socio-cultural and economic, family and individual factors are interrelated. In young people with a greater number of associated risk factors, the measures seem to be insufficient, both in open and closed environments, since the rate of recidivism is higher.
OBJECTIVE
Identify the psychosocial risk factors that exist at intra and interpersonal level in juvenile offenders, as well as determine if these factors are interrelated.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
A literature review of articles found in different databases was carried out. The articles containing the key words selected at the beginning of the study were reviewed, and of all of them, those that met the established inclusion requirements, which are date of publication and language, were included.
RESULTS
The results of all the studies analyzed confirm the idea that a greater number of psychosocial risk factors occur in young offenders than in normalized young people. There are factors related to a family that has inadequate socialization styles, even negligent ones, accentuated by very substandard economic situations that are usually present. Along with this, the consumption of substances is a variable that is repeated continuously in these young people; united to a group of deviant pairs, that favor the appearance of criminal behaviours.
CONCLUSION
It is possible to identify the main psychosocial risk factors that occur in young offenders, and define an interrelation between these factors, but it is not linear nor can it be homogenized. More resources and prevention programs, as well as intervention, are needed at the individual, family and community levels.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Criminals; Dangerous Behavior; Family Relations; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Psychology, Adolescent; Risk Factors; Socialization; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 33300933
DOI: 10.18176/resp.00019 -
WMJ : Official Publication of the State... Feb 2013
Topics: Female; History, 20th Century; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Male; Mental Disorders; Wisconsin
PubMed: 23513305
DOI: No ID Found -
Occupational Therapy International 2022In this paper, in-depth research and analysis of juvenile delinquency prevention and occupational therapy education guidance using artificial intelligence are conducted,...
In this paper, in-depth research and analysis of juvenile delinquency prevention and occupational therapy education guidance using artificial intelligence are conducted, and its response mechanism is designed in this way. Two crime type prediction algorithms based on time-crime type count vectorization and dense neural network and crime type prediction based on the fusion of dense neural network and long- and short-term memory neural network are proposed. The outputs of both are fed into a new neural network for training to achieve the fusion of the two neural networks. Among them, the use of the dense neural network can effectively fit the relationship between the constructed features and crime types. The behavioral manifestations and causes of the formation of deviant behavior in adolescents are discussed. They can only read numerical data, but there is a lot of information in the textual data that is closely related to the training effect. When experimenting, it is necessary to extract knowledge and build applications. The practical work with adolescents with deviant behaviors is again carried out from group work and casework, respectively, with problem diagnosis, needs assessment, and service plan development for specific clients, to carry out relevant practical service work. The causes of juvenile delinquency in the Internet culture are discussed in terms of the Internet environment, juvenile use of the Internet, Internet supervision, and crime prevention education, respectively. The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the prevention and control measures for juvenile delinquency in cyberculture. In response to the above-mentioned causes of juvenile delinquency in cyberculture, the prevention and control measures are discussed in four aspects, namely, strengthening the construction of cyberculture and building a healthy cyber environment, strengthening the capacity building of guiding juveniles to use cyber correctly, building a prevention and supervision system to promote the improvement of the legal system, and improving and innovating the crime prevention education in the cyber era.
Topics: Adolescent; Artificial Intelligence; Crime; Educational Status; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Occupational Therapy
PubMed: 36249580
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9115547 -
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Jul 2012To investigate the link between attachment to parents and delinquency, and the potential moderating effects of age and sex, 74 published and unpublished manuscripts... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To investigate the link between attachment to parents and delinquency, and the potential moderating effects of age and sex, 74 published and unpublished manuscripts (N = 55,537 participants) were subjected to a multilevel meta-analysis. A mean small to moderate effect size was found (r = 0.18). Poor attachment to parents was significantly linked to delinquency in boys and girls. Stronger effect sizes were found for attachment to mothers than attachment to fathers. In addition, stronger effect sizes were found if the child and the parent had the same sex compared to cross-sex pairs of children and parents. Age of the participants moderated the link between attachment and delinquency: larger effect sizes were found in younger than in older participants. It can be concluded that attachment is associated with juvenile delinquency. Attachment could therefore be a target for intervention to reduce or prevent future delinquent behavior in juveniles.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Child; Female; Humans; Juvenile Delinquency; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Object Attachment; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Risk; Sex Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 22278802
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-011-9608-1