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Nutrients Apr 2024Probiotics may protect against asthma. We want to investigate whether probiotics can reverse the adverse effects of phthalate exposure on asthma. We selected the female...
Probiotics may protect against asthma. We want to investigate whether probiotics can reverse the adverse effects of phthalate exposure on asthma. We selected the female offspring of BALB/c mice, born from pregnant female mice fed with diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). They were continuously administrated DEHP and ssp. SA-03 when they were 5 weeks old, and ovalbumin (OVA) for asthma induction started at 6 weeks for 32 days. The mice were divided into four groups ( = 6/group): 1. control group (C), 2. OVA/DEHP group (OD), 3. OVA/DEHP/probiotics low-dose group (ODP-1X), and OVA/DEHP/probiotics high-dose group (ODP-5X). We found that the administration of probiotics significantly reduced the asthma severity of the mice, as well as serum IgE and IL-5. In the ODP-5X group, the proportion of CD4+ cells in the lung was reduced, whereas IL-10 in serum and CD8+ cells in BALF were increased. In histopathology, the ODP group showed reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, bronchial epithelial cell hyperplasia, and tracheal mucus secretion. These results might indicate that high-dose probiotics may affect anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduce asthma-relative indicators. The above results may provide evidence that high-dose probiotics supplementation might play a modulating role in DEHP causes of allergic asthma in the pediatric animal model.
Topics: Animals; Asthma; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Probiotics; Female; Mice; Ovalbumin; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Diethylhexyl Phthalate; Disease Models, Animal; Pregnancy; Lung; Dietary Supplements; Immunoglobulin E; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
PubMed: 38674852
DOI: 10.3390/nu16081160 -
Nutrients Apr 2024The intestinal epithelial barrier can prevent the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and food antigens to maintain a consistent intestinal homeostasis. However, an...
Selection of Fermentation Supernatant from Probiotic Strains Exhibiting Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Protective Ability and Evaluation of Their Effects on Colitis Mouse and Weaned Piglet Models.
The intestinal epithelial barrier can prevent the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and food antigens to maintain a consistent intestinal homeostasis. However, an imbalance in this barrier can result in various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, malnutrition, and metabolic disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to select probiotic strains with epithelial barrier-enhancing ability in cell-based model and further investigate them for their improving effects on colitis mouse and weaned piglet models. The results showed that selected specific cell-free fermentation supernatants (CFSs) from P1, P12, and G7 promoted intestinal epithelial cell growth and proliferation, strengthening the intestinal barrier in an intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 model. Further, the administration of CFSs of P1, P12, and G7 were found to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice. Additionally, spray-dried powders of CFS from the three strains were examined in a weaned piglet model, only CFS powder of G7 could ameliorate the feed/gain ratio and serum levels of D-lactate and endotoxin. In conclusion, a new potential probiotic strain, G7, was selected and showed ameliorating effects in both colitis mouse and weaned piglet models.
Topics: Animals; Probiotics; Colitis; Humans; Mice; Fermentation; Disease Models, Animal; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Swine; Intestinal Mucosa; Caco-2 Cells; Weaning; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus gasseri; Dextran Sulfate; Male; Cell Proliferation
PubMed: 38674829
DOI: 10.3390/nu16081138 -
Heliyon Apr 2024The intricate balance of intestinal microbiota is significantly influenced by the pivotal role of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These LAB not only contribute to...
The intricate balance of intestinal microbiota is significantly influenced by the pivotal role of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These LAB not only contribute to antimicrobial activity and enhance animal health and productivity but also serve as defense against intestinal infections. In the present study, the probiotic potential of LAB strains isolated from various intestinal sections of adult and young guinea pigs () was comprehensively assessed. Strains belonging to the genera , a, , and were also identified. The antibacterial activities of the LAB strains against and were quantified. Exopolysaccharide production, adherence capacity, antibiotic resistance, and bile salt tolerance (0.15 %, 0.30 %, and 0.45 %) of LAB were quantified. Further analyses focused on the effects of pH (2.9, 5.0, 6.4, and 7.4), temperature (40, 50, and 60 °C) and NaCl concentrations (3.5 % and 6.5 % w/v) on LAB growth. Strains GCI9 and GDE10 (), isolated from the cecum and intestine of guinea pigs, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against and Remarkable adherence capacity to porcine gastric mucin was demonstrated by strains, specifically ACI1, GCI9, and GDE10, with the highest exopolysaccharide levels produced by ACI1 and GCI9 (1.71 and 1.76 mg/mL, respectively). The probiotic potential was further underscored by remarkable bile salt tolerance, especially in strain GDE10, and substantial exopolysaccharide production. These strains displayed notable adaptability to varying environmental conditions, including NaCl concentrations at 3.5 % and 6.5 %, temperatures ranging from 40 to 60 °C, and pH levels of 2.9, 5.0, 6.4, and 7.4. This comprehensive assessment of the probiotic properties of strains, particularly ACI1, GCI9, and GDE10, shows promise for the development of probiotic formulations aimed at enhancing the intestinal health of guinea pigs.
PubMed: 38655303
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29431 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Apr 2024Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening soft-tissue infection that rapidly destroys the epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia. Despite their low virulence,...
BACKGROUND
Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening soft-tissue infection that rapidly destroys the epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia. Despite their low virulence, Lactobacillus spp. can cause NF, and because of its rare incidence, there is limited information about its molecular and clinicopathological characteristics. We report a rare case of NF in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed on admission and severe obesity due to infection with two types of Lactobacillus spp. that manifested in extensive necrosis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 48-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a complaint of difficulty walking due to severe bilateral thigh pain. She presented with mild erythema, swelling, and severe skin pain extending from the pubic region to the groin. The patient was morbidly obese, had renal dysfunction, and had diabetes mellitus diagnosed on admission.; her LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis) score was 9, indicating a high risk of NF. An exploratory surgical incision was made, and NF was diagnosed based on fascial necrosis. Emergent surgical debridement was performed, and cultures of the tissue culture and aspirated fluid/pus revealed two types of Lactobacillus spp.: Lactobacillus salivarius and L. iners. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), where antibiotics were administered and respiratory and circulatory management was performed. Diabetic ketoacidosis was detected, which was treated by controlling the blood glucose level stringently via intravenous insulin infusion. The patient underwent a second debridement on day 11 and a skin suture and skin grafting on day 36. The patient progressed well, was transferred from the ICU to the general ward on day 41, and was discharged unassisted on day 73.
CONCLUSIONS
Lactobacillus spp. are rarely pathogenic to healthy individuals and can scarcely trigger NF. However, these bacteria can cause rare infections such as NF in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with diabetes and obesity, and an early diagnosis of NF is imperative; surgical intervention may be required for the prevention of extensive necrosis. The LRINEC score may be useful for the early diagnosis of NF, even for less pathogenic bacteria such as Lactobacillus.
Topics: Humans; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Middle Aged; Lactobacillus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Debridement; Necrosis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 38649870
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09291-3 -
Journal of Animal Science and Technology Jan 2024is a genus of Gram-positive lactobacilli commonly found in the intestinal tracts of vertebrates. It has been granted a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) status from...
is a genus of Gram-positive lactobacilli commonly found in the intestinal tracts of vertebrates. It has been granted a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) status from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). One specific strain, B4311, was isolated from fecal samples of broiler chickens from a farm associated with Chung-Ang University (Anseong, Korea). This strain was observed to have inhibitory effects against . In this paper, we present the complete genome sequence of B4311. The whole genome of strain B4311 comprises 2,071,255 bp assembled into 3 contigs representing a chromosome, -type megaplasmid, and small plasmid. The genome contains 1,963 protein-coding sequences, 22 rRNA genes, and 78 tRNA genes, with a guanine + cytosine (GC) content of 33.1%. The megaplasmid of strain B4311 was found to contain the bacteriocin gene cluster for salivaricin P, a two-peptide bacteriocin belonging to class IIb.
PubMed: 38618026
DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e40 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Grit basting is the most common process applied to titanium dental implants to give them a roughness that favors bone colonization. There are numerous studies on the...
Grit basting is the most common process applied to titanium dental implants to give them a roughness that favors bone colonization. There are numerous studies on the influence of roughness on osseointegration, but the influence of the compressive residual stress associated with this treatment on biological behavior has not been determined. For this purpose, four types of surfaces have been studied using 60 titanium discs: smooth, smooth with residual stress, rough without stress, and rough with residual stress. Roughness was studied by optic interferometry; wettability and surface energy (polar and dispersive components) by contact angle equipment using three solvents; and residual stresses by Bragg-Bentano X-ray diffraction. The adhesion and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels on the different surfaces were studied using Saos-2 osteoblastic cultures. The bacterial strains Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus salivarius were cultured on different surfaces, determining the adhesion. The results showed that residual stresses lead to increased hydrophilicity on the surfaces, as well as an increase in surface energy, especially on the polar component. From the culture results, higher adhesion and higher ALP levels were observed in the discs with residual stresses when compared between smooth and roughened discs. It was also found that roughness was the property that mostly influenced osteoblasts' response. Bacteria colonize rough surfaces better than smooth surfaces, but no changes are observed due to residual surface tension.
PubMed: 38612139
DOI: 10.3390/ma17071626 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Children have regional dynamics in the gut microbiota development trajectory. Hitherto, the features and influencing factors of the gut microbiota and fecal and plasma...
INTRODUCTION
Children have regional dynamics in the gut microbiota development trajectory. Hitherto, the features and influencing factors of the gut microbiota and fecal and plasma metabolites in children from Northwest China remain unclear.
METHODS
Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were performed on 100 healthy volunteers aged 2-12 years.
RESULTS
Age, body mass index (BMI), regular physical exercise (RPE), and delivery mode (DM) significantly affect gut microbiota and metabolites. , , , , and predicted pathway propanoate production were significantly increased with age while , , and carbohydrate degradation were decreased. Fecal metabolome revealed that the metabolism of caffeine, amino acids, and lipid significantly increased with age while galactose metabolism decreased. Noticeably, BMI was positively associated with pathogens including , , , and amino acid metabolism but negatively associated with beneficial , , , and caffeine metabolism. RPE has increased probiotic and , acetate and lactate production, and major nutrient metabolism in gut and plasma, but decreased pathobiont , taurine degradation, and pentose phosphate pathway. Interestingly, DM affects the gut microbiota and metabolites throughout the whole childhood. , , , primary bile acid, and neomycin biosynthesis were enriched in eutocia, while anti-inflammatory , , , and pathogenic , , and amino acid metabolism were enriched in Cesarean section children.
DISCUSSION
Our results provided theoretical and data foundation for the gut microbiota and metabolites in preadolescent children's growth and development in Northwest China.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Humans; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Caffeine; Cesarean Section; Urban Population; Metabolome; Amino Acids
PubMed: 38585649
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1374544 -
Nutrients Mar 2024The interplay between enterohepatic circulation and the gut microbiota is the main driver determining systemic levels of estrogens and their metabolites. Nevertheless,...
The interplay between enterohepatic circulation and the gut microbiota is the main driver determining systemic levels of estrogens and their metabolites. Nevertheless, the role of potentially probiotic microorganisms in estrogen metabolism has not been investigated so far. In this work, we have explored the ability of six strains isolated from human milk and vaginal samples to degrade and/or conjugate parental estrogens in vitro and under aerobic conditions. The quantification of estrogens and their derivatives was carried out in cell-free supernatants by LC-QQQ-MS. All the tested strains achieved an average degradation rate of estrone and estriol of 98% and 55%, respectively, whereas 17β-estradiol was preferentially conjugated (up to 40%). The presence of seven out of ten genes encoding enzymes relevant for estrogen metabolism was further confirmed by PCR, highlighting their genetic potential for degrading, conjugating and/or deconjugating estrogens. The tested strains may be considered potential probiotics affecting the fate of endogenous estrogens. Clinical trials targeting populations with estrogen-dependent conditions will be required to elucidate the true potential of these strains for the restoration and maintenance of a healthy host estrobolome.
Topics: Female; Humans; Estrogens; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Milk, Human; Estradiol; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
PubMed: 38542771
DOI: 10.3390/nu16060861 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024(basonym: , ) is a type of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) commonly found in the oropharyngeal-gastrointestinal tract (OGT). It has gained significant attention due to its... (Review)
Review
(basonym: , ) is a type of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) commonly found in the oropharyngeal-gastrointestinal tract (OGT). It has gained significant attention due to its probiotic and functional properties as well as its various health-promoting roles. strains exhibit strong resistance and adhesion in the OGT along with outstanding antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, numerous strains have the ability to produce bacteriocins with antagonistic activity. These probiotic characteristics of indicate its remarkable potential in promoting favorable effects on human health. It has also been observed that has a positive effect on the composition of intestinal microbiota, thereby improving the metabolic profiling of intestinal microbiota, promoting a healthy and balanced internal environment. In recent years, multi-omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have been employed to gain a deeper understanding of the roles and mechanisms of associated with its functional properties. This review aims to provide an overview of the probiotic characteristics of , containing its specific interactions with the host microflora, as well as insights from omics studies.
PubMed: 38540885
DOI: 10.3390/foods13060895 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024This study investigates the potential of formulated systems utilising haskap berry leaf extracts and dextran as carriers, to modulate both antioxidant and enzymatic...
This study investigates the potential of formulated systems utilising haskap berry leaf extracts and dextran as carriers, to modulate both antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory activities and their impact on the growth of specific bacterial strains. The analysis of antioxidant capacity, assessed through ABTS, CUPRAC, DPPH, and FRAP assays, revealed varying but consistently high levels across extracts, with Extract 3 (loganic acid: 2.974 mg/g, chlorogenic acid: 1.125 mg/g, caffeic acid: 0.083 mg/g, rutin: 1.137 mg/g, and quercetin: 1.501 mg/g) exhibiting the highest values (ABTS: 0.2447 mg/mL, CUPRAC: 0.3121 mg/mL, DPPH: 0.21001 mg/mL, and FRAP: 0.3411 mg/mL). Subsequent enzymatic inhibition assays demonstrated a notable inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase (1.4915 mg/mL, expressed as acarbose equivalent), hyaluronidase (0.2982 mg/mL, expressed as quercetin equivalent), and lipase (5.8715 µg/mL, expressed as orlistat equivalent). Further system development involved integration with dextran, showcasing their preserved bioactive compound content and emphasising their stability and potential bioactivity. Evaluation of the dextran systems' impact on bacterial growth revealed a significant proliferation of beneficial strains, particularly the and lactobacilli genus (Bifidobacterium longum: 9.54 × 10 to 1.57 × 10 CFU/mL and : 1.36 × 10 to 1.62 × 10 CFU/mL), suggesting their potential to modulate gut microbiota. These findings offer a foundation for exploring the therapeutic applications of haskap berry-based dextran systems in managing conditions like diabetes, emphasising the interconnected roles of antioxidant-rich botanical extracts and dextran formulations in promoting overall metabolic health.
PubMed: 38539890
DOI: 10.3390/antiox13030357