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Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North... Nov 2018Healthy hair is vital to identity. Understanding the intricate anatomy and physiology of hair provides insight into the aging process and the eventual loss of either... (Review)
Review
Healthy hair is vital to identity. Understanding the intricate anatomy and physiology of hair provides insight into the aging process and the eventual loss of either hair pigmentation or hair shafts. Several biologics are available that have enabled altering or slowing the aging process of hair, but, unfortunately, no agent exists that can reverse the natural course. The commonly used biologics are discussed.
Topics: Alopecia; Hair; Hair Color; Hair Follicle; Humans; Skin Aging
PubMed: 30213423
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2018.06.003 -
International Journal of Dermatology Mar 2014Hair is a unique character of mammals and has several functions, from protection of the skin to sexual and social communication. In literature, there are various studies... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hair is a unique character of mammals and has several functions, from protection of the skin to sexual and social communication. In literature, there are various studies about hair that take into consideration different aspects within many fields of science, including biology, dermatology, cosmetics, forensic sciences, and medicine.
METHODS
We carried out a search of studies published in PubMed up to 2013.
RESULTS
In this review, we summarized the principal anatomical and physiological aspects of the different types of human hair, and we considered the clinical significance of the different structures and the distribution of the hair in the human body.
CONCLUSION
This review could be the basis for improvement and progression in the field of hair research.
Topics: Ethnicity; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Melanocytes; Skin
PubMed: 24372228
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12362 -
The Journal of Investigative... Dec 2007Shiny hair with a smooth texture and clean-cut ends or tapered tips is generally perceived to be healthy. Hair texture and shine relate to hair surface properties,... (Review)
Review
Shiny hair with a smooth texture and clean-cut ends or tapered tips is generally perceived to be healthy. Hair texture and shine relate to hair surface properties, whereas the integrity of hair ends relates to the hair cortex. Hair can be straight, wavy or curly, blonde, black, brown, red, gray white, and its natural variations are important to our identity. Manipulation of the normal structure of the hair shaft is epidemic and dictated by culture, fashion, and above all, celebrity. Although cosmetic procedures are intrinsically safe, there is potential for damage to the hair. Loss of lustre, frizz, split ends, and other hair problems are particularly prevalent among people who repeatedly alter the natural style of their hair or among people with hair that is intrinsically weak. This may be due to individual or racial variation or less commonly an inherited structural abnormality in hair fiber formation. Hair health is also affected by common afflictions of the scalp as well as age-related phenomena such as graying and androgenetic alopecia. Hair products that improve the structural integrity of hair fibers and increase tensile strength are available, as are products that increase hair volume, reduce frizz, improve hair manageability, and stimulate new hair growth.
Topics: Eicosanoic Acids; Female; Hair; Hair Diseases; Hair Preparations; Humans; Hygiene
PubMed: 18004288
DOI: 10.1038/sj.jidsymp.5650046 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 1999
Review
Topics: Alopecia; Female; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Male
PubMed: 10441606
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199908123410706 -
The Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2019
Topics: China; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Hair; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Sepsis
PubMed: 31561957
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.08.037 -
American Journal of Human Biology : the... Mar 2020In the last century, human scalp hair morphology has been studied from multiple, and sometimes mutually exclusive, perspectives by anthropologists, biologists,... (Review)
Review
In the last century, human scalp hair morphology has been studied from multiple, and sometimes mutually exclusive, perspectives by anthropologists, biologists, geneticists, forensic scientists, and cosmetic scientists. Here, we review and synthesize historical and current research on hair to better understand the scientific basis and biological implications of hair microstructure and morphology. We revisit the origins of existing nomenclature regarding hair morphology and classifications, discuss the currently recognized limitations to hair analysis within the varied scientific disciplines studying hair, point out aspects of hair biology that remain unknown, and the great potential for integrating these diverse perspectives and expertise in future scientific investigations, while highlighting the benefits of combining nondestructive microscopical analysis with chemical and genomic analyses for explicating hair biology. Further, we propose consensus terminology for root growth stages through descriptions and images that will aid in the morphological and microscopical analysis of human scalp hair, thereby reducing confusion and the promulgation of inaccurate information that is presently in the literature.
Topics: Hair; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
PubMed: 31479564
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23316 -
Pediatric Dermatology 2024Across the world, there are varied cultural practices applied in the newborn period that pediatric dermatologists need to be familiar with. This report details a...
Across the world, there are varied cultural practices applied in the newborn period that pediatric dermatologists need to be familiar with. This report details a 9-day-old girl who presented with black, spike-like hairs across the back after her mother had been rubbing breast milk on her back in a circular motion for the first 7 days of life. On dermatoscopic exam, these lesions were found to be tight bundles of lanugo hairs, consistent with a diagnosis of knotted lanugo. Improved understanding of cultural practices and newborn skin care routines is critical for diagnosis, treatment, and counseling.
Topics: Female; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Child; Hair; Skin; Mothers; Dermoscopy; Skin Care
PubMed: 38072005
DOI: 10.1111/pde.15490 -
ACS Nano Apr 2019Activating hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) to promote hair follicle regrowth holds promise for hair loss therapy, while challenges still remain to develop a scenario...
Activating hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) to promote hair follicle regrowth holds promise for hair loss therapy, while challenges still remain to develop a scenario that enables enhanced therapeutic efficiency and easy administration. Here we describe a detachable microneedle patch-mediated drug delivery system, mainly made from hair-derived keratin, for sustained delivery of HFSC activators. It was demonstrated that this microneedle device integrated with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes and a small molecular drug, UK5099, could enhance the treatment efficiency at a reduced dosage, leading to promoted pigmentation and hair regrowth within 6 days through two rounds of administration in a mouse model. This microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery approach shows augmented efficacy compared to the subcutaneous injection of exosomes and topical administration of UK5099.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Delivery Systems; Equipment Design; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Keratins; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Transdermal Patch
PubMed: 30942567
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09573 -
Marine Pollution Bulletin Dec 2023Total mercury ([THg]) and selenium ([TSe]) concentrations were determined in California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) lanugo from the Gulf of California in 2021 and...
Total mercury ([THg]) and selenium ([TSe]) concentrations were determined in California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) lanugo from the Gulf of California in 2021 and 2022. Relationships with sex, morphometrics, and year were evaluated. Following toxicological thresholds of concern for piscivorous mammals, most pups had a [THg] < 10 ppm, one pup (2021) had a [THg] > 20 ppm, no pups had a [THg] > 30 ppm. Females had significantly higher [TSe] than males; sex did not influence [THg]. [THg] and [TSe] in 2022 were significantly higher in the general population and male cohorts compared to 2021. Significant negative correlations were observed between [THg], [TSe], and morphometrics (2021). These results indicate that, compared to other pinniped species, regional California sea lions may have a decreased likelihood of experiencing Hg-related adverse health effects. Year-related changes in element concentrations suggest continued monitoring of this population to assess pinniped, environmental, and potentially, human health.
Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Humans; Sea Lions; Selenium; Mercury; Mexico; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hair
PubMed: 37922756
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115712 -
Advances in Clinical and Experimental... Sep 2017Due to a growing interest in developmental disorders, and in the long-term skin appendage diseases, both in the cosmetic industry and among specialists in dermatology...
BACKGROUND
Due to a growing interest in developmental disorders, and in the long-term skin appendage diseases, both in the cosmetic industry and among specialists in dermatology (broadly defined), there is an increasing number of papers on hair development. The publications by the present team of authors are part of this trend.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to describe the topography and typology of skin pilosity patterns in human fetuses.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 278 fetuses (141 male and 137 female) were qualified for the study. The gestational age ranged from 69 to 226 days after conception. All fetuses were taken from a local collection.
RESULTS
The study revealed that the first single hairs occur on the posterior wall of the trunk in the 17th week of fetal life, and on the anterior wall between the 18th and 19th week. It was found that in human fetuses lanugo appears statistically significantly later on the skin of the anterior of the trunk than on its posterior. The difference in absolute time is almost 2 weeks of fetal life. No other differences were found in the development cycle of lanugo on the anterior and posterior walls of the trunk. A full pattern was first observed on the posterior wall of the trunk in a fetus in the 19th week, and on the anterior wall in the 21st week. It was found that the process of lanugo development was completed on the posterior wall in the 23rd week, and on the surface of the abdomen in the 26th week.
CONCLUSIONS
The lanugo developmental cycle, consisting in the appearance of the first single hairs, then partial hair and subsequently the formation of final patterns, is the same on both walls of the trunk.
Topics: Female; Gestational Age; Hair; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Morphogenesis; Skin; Torso
PubMed: 29068598
DOI: 10.17219/acem/61440