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The Medical Journal of Australia Aug 1947
Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Larynx
PubMed: 20340592
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica :... Oct 2006A correlation between laryngo-pharyngeal reflux and laryngeal carcinoma is currently debated. Chronic inflammation is a mutagen factor confirmed in the cancerogenesis of... (Review)
Review
A correlation between laryngo-pharyngeal reflux and laryngeal carcinoma is currently debated. Chronic inflammation is a mutagen factor confirmed in the cancerogenesis of various tumours. Aim of the present study was to evaluate, in an objective and consecutive way, with 24h multi-electrode pH-metry the presence of proximal and distal oesophageal reflux in patients presenting pre-cancerosis or squamous cell laryngeal and/or pharyngeal carcinomas. From our data, a strict correlation emerged between laryngo-pharyngeal reflux and neoplasias of the upper airways, documented through multi-electrode pH-metry. Data emerging from this study would seem to support the theory that the protracted exposure (> 20 years) to biliary reflux would represent a statistically significant added risk factor in the precancerous lesions and squamous pharyngo-laryngeal carcinoma as it occurs at oesophageal level. Moreover, a significant statistical association (p < 0.0001) emerged between laryngeal carcinoma and previous gastro-resection (odds ratio 3.8).
Topics: Carcinoma; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Larynx; Pharynx
PubMed: 17345929
DOI: No ID Found -
Head & Neck Sep 2023The objective of this study was to assess the performance and application of a self-developed deep learning (DL) algorithm for the real-time localization and...
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to assess the performance and application of a self-developed deep learning (DL) algorithm for the real-time localization and classification of both vocal cord carcinoma and benign vocal cord lesions.
METHODS
The algorithm was trained and validated upon a dataset of videos and photos collected from our own department, as well as an open-access dataset named "Laryngoscope8".
RESULTS
The algorithm correctly localizes and classifies vocal cord carcinoma on still images with a sensitivity between 71% and 78% and benign vocal cord lesions with a sensitivity between 70% and 82%. Furthermore, the best algorithm had an average frame per second rate of 63, thus making it suitable to use in an outpatient clinic setting for real-time detection of laryngeal pathology.
CONCLUSION
We have demonstrated that our developed DL algorithm is able to localize and classify benign and malignant laryngeal pathology during endoscopy.
Topics: Humans; Laryngoscopy; Artificial Intelligence; Endoscopy; Larynx; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Vocal Cords; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37377069
DOI: 10.1002/hed.27441 -
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Feb 1997The standard treatment for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer remains total laryngectomy. Radiotherapy as a primary treatment modality is a reasonable alternative.... (Review)
Review
The standard treatment for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer remains total laryngectomy. Radiotherapy as a primary treatment modality is a reasonable alternative. Surgical salvage by total laryngectomy is an important part of the treatment plan when irradiation is used primarily to treat advanced laryngeal cancer. The value of induction and concomitant chemotherapy in laryngeal preservation protocols remains controversial. The currently accepted role for use of chemotherapy outside of research protocols is for palliation of incurable laryngeal cancers. The nonsurgical treatment of patients with advanced laryngeal cancers requires the coordinated efforts of a team with close patient follow-up in order that survival not be compromised.
Topics: Carcinoma; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Clinical Protocols; Combined Modality Therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Larynx; Neoplasm Staging; Palliative Care; Patient Care Planning; Patient Care Team; Survival Rate
PubMed: 8995140
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of the Academy of Medicine,... Sep 1991Partial laryngeal surgery as a treatment for certain laryngeal carcinomas is sound in principle and practice. Knowledge of intralaryngeal barriers to spread is necessary... (Review)
Review
Partial laryngeal surgery as a treatment for certain laryngeal carcinomas is sound in principle and practice. Knowledge of intralaryngeal barriers to spread is necessary for selection of appropriate patients and for surgical planning. Ten partial laryngeal procedures are discussed including selection criteria and cure rates for each. With meticulously accurate tumour staging and mapping, the practitioner can perform partial laryngeal surgery safely. Results equal or better those achieved by radiation therapy or total laryngectomy while preserving vocal function.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Larynx; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 1781652
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2022A 79-year-old smoker with a background history of a treated glottic carcinoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with progressive hoarseness, symptoms...
A 79-year-old smoker with a background history of a treated glottic carcinoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with progressive hoarseness, symptoms of aspiration and shortness of breath for 6 months. Examination revealed an ulcero-fungating mass over the posterior commissure of the larynx. A tracheostomy, direct laryngoscopy and biopsy of the mass was performed to secure his airway and to exclude recurrent glottic carcinoma. Reassuringly, a histopathological examination of the mass revealed numerous fungal yeast bodies. He was then treated with itraconazole for 4 weeks and was followed up as and outpatient with complete resolution and no recurrence of the disease.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma; Humans; Laryngitis; Laryngoscopy; Larynx; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 35140081
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245678 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology May 2008We report a unique case of a squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx presenting as a large pseudolaryngocoele, arising through a thyroid cartilage defect. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
We report a unique case of a squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx presenting as a large pseudolaryngocoele, arising through a thyroid cartilage defect.
METHOD
Case report and review of the literature.
CASE REPORT
A 47-year-old man presented with a two-month history of hoarseness and a large, midline neck swelling. Endoscopic examination revealed a transglottic carcinoma involving the anterior commissure. Fine needle aspiration of the neck mass showed it to be an air-filled structure which transiently collapsed but refilled within minutes. Subsequent computed tomography scanning and histopathological examination revealed that the air-filled mass was created by a defect in the thyroid cartilage, with formation of a pseudolaryngocoele.
CONCLUSIONS
The anatomy of the anterior commissure region and its effect on the spread of laryngeal carcinoma is reviewed in order to explain the pathophysiology of this unusual presentation. We highlight the need for a high index of suspicion of malignancy if a laryngocoele or pseudolaryngocoele is detected clinically.
Topics: Air; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Thyroid Cartilage; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17470309
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215107007864 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... May 2023Expression of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) has not been investigated in head and neck cancer. In this study, we aimed to assess the expression of opioids receptors in...
OBJECTIVES
Expression of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) has not been investigated in head and neck cancer. In this study, we aimed to assess the expression of opioids receptors in laryngeal cancer, compared to adjacent non-malignant tissue.
STUDY DESIGN
A retrospective case series in a single academic center.
METHODS
Sixty-four specimens were taken from 32 matched patients, diagnosed with laryngeal-carcinoma (20 supraglottic and 12 glottic), and were analyzed using immunohistochemical stains for MOR. All sections were examined and evaluated with a semi-quantitative analysis for staining intensity and cell count for a percentage of the positively stained cells. Survival of patients was compared based on MOR expression.
RESULTS
MOR staining intensity was significantly increased in laryngeal-carcinoma compared to the normal tissue adjacent to the carcinoma (P = 0.019). The percentage of stained cells in non-involved supraglottis was significantly higher compared to the non-involved glottis (P = 0.022), yet this difference was no longer found between supra- and glottic-carcinoma tissues.
CONCLUSION
MOR may play a role in the laryngeal cancer environment, as the expression in tumor cells alters from adjacent non-cancerous tissue.
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Larynx; Glottis
PubMed: 33750623
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.02.018 -
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke... May 2019Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the head and neck. With the development in clinical research of multimodality therapy for recent years, the...
Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the head and neck. With the development in clinical research of multimodality therapy for recent years, the treatment strategies for laryngeal cancer, especially for advanced cases, have changed significantly. The management for laryngeal cancer needs the adequate assessments of the primary tumor and the general condition of patient, the comprehensive application of multiple treatment modalities including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and biotherapy, and the design of individualized regimens. The goal is to eradicate the tumor completely with maximal reconstruction and preservation of laryngeal functions, and to improve patient's quality of life without reduction in survival rate.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Larynx; Neoplasm Staging; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31137105
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2019.05.018 -
Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie : Organ... Mar 2021Treatment of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with radiotherapy or chemoradiation is an established alternative to laryngeal surgery in many cases, but...
PURPOSE
Treatment of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with radiotherapy or chemoradiation is an established alternative to laryngeal surgery in many cases, but particularly for advanced tumors without cartilage invasion. Imaging modalities face the challenge of distinguishing between posttherapeutic changes and residual disease in the complex anatomic subsite of the larynx. Guidelines concerning restaging of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are presented by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and other national guidelines, but clearly defined recommendations for routine restaging particularly for laryngeal cancer are lacking.
METHODS
A systematic search was carried out in PubMed to identify studies evaluating routine restaging methods after primary non-surgical treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 2009 to 2020.
RESULTS
Only three studies were deemed eligible, as they included at least ≥50% patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and evaluated imaging modalities to detect residual cancer. The small number of studies in our review suggest restaging with fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) 3 months after initial treatment, followed by direct laryngoscopy with biopsy of the lesions identified by FDG PET/CT.
CONCLUSION
Studies evaluating restaging methods after organ-preserving non-surgical treatment of laryngeal carcinoma are limited. As radiotherapy (RT), chemoradiotherapy (CRT), systemic therapy followed by RT and radioimmunotherapy are established alternatives to surgical treatment, particularly in advanced laryngeal cancers, further studies are needed to assess and compare different imaging modalities (e.g. PET/CT, MRI, CT, ultrasound) and clinical diagnostic tools (e.g., video laryngoscopy, direct laryngoscopy) to offer patients safe and efficient restaging strategies. PET or PET/CT 3 months after initial treatment followed by direct laryngoscopy with biopsy of the identified lesions has the potential to reduce the number of unnecessary laryngoscopies.
Topics: Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chemoradiotherapy; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngoscopy; Larynx; Neoplasm Staging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
PubMed: 33216194
DOI: 10.1007/s00066-020-01706-9