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Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) Sep 2015Leclercia adecarboxylata is a motile Gram negative rod that is not often pathogenic in immunocompetent patients. We will present the first case report of a L.... (Review)
Review
Leclercia adecarboxylata is a motile Gram negative rod that is not often pathogenic in immunocompetent patients. We will present the first case report of a L. adecarboxylata in a pediatric patient with no systemic medical disease and present a detailed literature review.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Finger Injuries; Humans; Male; Thumb
PubMed: 26324975
DOI: No ID Found -
Infectious Diseases (London, England) Mar 2019Leclercia adecarboxylata is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It has been described as an emerging human pathogen with the potential... (Review)
Review
Leclercia adecarboxylata is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It has been described as an emerging human pathogen with the potential to cause severe infection in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to describe a clinical case of infection with L. adecarboxylata and give a review of previous reports on infection. We report the presence of L. adecarboxylata in a patient initially admitted to our hospital for a lung transplant. She had diarrhoea, urinary tract infection and pneumonia caused by L. adecarboxylata. The isolate was resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and susceptible to 15 other antibiotics tested. The literature search for previous reports of infection with L. adecarboxylata resulted in 61 publications describing 74 cases. Bacteremia and wound infections were most often described, and only a few cases were fatal. L. adecarboxylata was most often found as a monomicrobial infection in immunocompromised patients, and as part of a polymicrobial infection in immunocompetent patients. The previously described isolates showed a high susceptibility to antibiotics, and treatment was efficient in most cases. Due to similarities in metabolic products, L. adecarboxylata might have been mistaken as Escherichia spp., but with new identification methods such as MALDI-TOF MS, it is possible to obtain a certain identification.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diarrhea; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Lung Transplantation; Middle Aged; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Urinary Tract Infections; Virulence
PubMed: 30488747
DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2018.1536830 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2022A 34-year-old man on active chemotherapy was hospitalised with fever, chills and rigours after power-washing a pig pen on a farm. His blood cultures grew , a...
A 34-year-old man on active chemotherapy was hospitalised with fever, chills and rigours after power-washing a pig pen on a farm. His blood cultures grew , a gram-negative rod in the family, which has been isolated from a variety of environments including soil, surface water, as well as in the gastrointestinal flora of farm animals. The likely source of infection was his tunnelled central venous catheter exposed to water contaminated by faeces when he was washing the pig pen. While there have been several cases reported of catheter-related bacteraemia, to our knowledge there are very few reports of infection spread in this manner.
Topics: Animals; Bacteremia; Catheters; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Swine
PubMed: 35332006
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-247496 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal May 2022Hospital-acquired infections are especially evident in premature infants because of prolonged stays and the need for invasive procedures. Leclercia adecarboxylata is an... (Review)
Review
Hospital-acquired infections are especially evident in premature infants because of prolonged stays and the need for invasive procedures. Leclercia adecarboxylata is an uncommon emerging Gram-negative bacterium that has been described in catheter and noncatheter-related infections, immunocompromised patients and less frequently affecting healthy subjects. We report a case with a postmortem diagnosis of a 24-week-old premature neonate who died as a complication of nosocomial sepsis related to an infection by L. adecarboxylata. Although the cases of L. adecarboxylata infection in children have been rarely reported, this case appears to be the first in which an infection by L. adecarboxylata is accompanied by focal spontaneous ileal perforation.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Sepsis
PubMed: 35135996
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003472 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Mar 2022Strain 49125 was isolated from an infant with pneumonia and septicaemia at the Leipzig University Hospital. Phenotypic and genomic traits were investigated. The strain's...
Strain 49125 was isolated from an infant with pneumonia and septicaemia at the Leipzig University Hospital. Phenotypic and genomic traits were investigated. The strain's biochemical profile and its MALDI-TOF spectrogram did not differ from comparative samples of , thus far the sole member of the species. A circular genome with a size of 4.4 Mbp and a G+C content of 55.0 mol% was reconstructed using hybrid Illumina and Nanopore sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was based on 172 marker genes and validated using a k-mer-based search against a large genome collection including subsequent DNA-DNA hybridization. Whole genome average nucleotide identity to any described species was below 95%, suggesting that strain 49125 represents a new species, for which we propose the name sp. nov. with the type strain 49125 (=LMG 32245=DSM 112336).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Fatty Acids; Humans; Phylogeny; Pneumonia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 35353677
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005293 -
Trends in Molecular Medicine May 2012The current worldwide emergence of resistance to the powerful antibiotic carbapenem in Enterobacteriaceae constitutes an important growing public health threat. Sporadic... (Review)
Review
The current worldwide emergence of resistance to the powerful antibiotic carbapenem in Enterobacteriaceae constitutes an important growing public health threat. Sporadic outbreaks or endemic situations with enterobacterial isolates not susceptible to carbapenems are now reported not only in hospital settings but also in the community. Acquired class A (KPC), class B (IMP, VIM, NDM), or class D (OXA-48, OXA-181) carbapenemases, are the most important determinants sustaining resistance to carbapenems. The corresponding genes are mostly plasmid-located and associated with various mobile genetic structures (insertion sequences, integrons, transposons), further enhancing their spread. This review summarizes the current knowledge on carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, including activity, distribution, clinical impact, and possible novel antibiotic pathways.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans
PubMed: 22480775
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.03.003 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... May 2018Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is constantly evolving and horizontal gene transfer through plasmids plays a major role. The identification of plasmid... (Review)
Review
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is constantly evolving and horizontal gene transfer through plasmids plays a major role. The identification of plasmid characteristics and their association with different bacterial hosts provides crucial knowledge that is essential to understand the contribution of plasmids to the transmission of AMR determinants. Molecular identification of plasmid and strain genotypes elicits a distinction between spread of AMR genes by plasmids and dissemination of these genes by spread of bacterial clones. For this reason several methods are used to type the plasmids, e.g. PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) or relaxase typing. Currently, there are 28 known plasmid types in Enterobacteriaceae distinguished by PBRT. Frequently reported plasmids [IncF, IncI, IncA/C, IncL (previously designated IncL/M), IncN and IncH] are the ones that bear the greatest variety of resistance genes. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of all known AMR-related plasmid families in Enterobacteriaceae, the resistance genes they carry and their geographical distribution.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Humans; Plasmids
PubMed: 29370371
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx488 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Mar 2021BACKGROUND Leclercia adecarboxylata is a gram-negative rod, which is normally found in water and food. It is an emerging pathogen that affects immunocompromised...
BACKGROUND Leclercia adecarboxylata is a gram-negative rod, which is normally found in water and food. It is an emerging pathogen that affects immunocompromised patients, including patients with hematological malignancies or those receiving chemotherapy. Generally, L. adecarboxylata is considered a low-virulence pathogen with an excellent susceptibility profile, but some strains may be resistant to multiple antibiotics, such as b-lactams. Moreover, L. adecarboxylata is usually isolated as a part of polymicrobial cultures in immunocompetent individuals, but there have been cases where it was the only isolate. CASE REPORT A 74-year-old woman who was non-immunosuppressed and had multiple comorbidities was admitted with acute decompensated heart failure due to pneumonia. She was treated with multiple courses of antibiotics including amoxicillin-clavulanate and ciprofloxacin for pneumonia, but her infection worsened, and she had cardiopulmonary arrest. After resuscitation, she was stable for several days but suddenly became confused and hypotensive. The septic screen showed L. adecarboxylata bacteremia without a clear source, which was treated successfully with meropenem for 14 days. After the meropenem course, the patient developed diarrhea and was found to have severe Clostridium difficile infection. She did not respond to oral vancomycin and intravenous metronidazole and died. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrated an infection in a non-immunosuppressed individual by an organism that is considered an opportunistic pathogen, mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. The patient's blood culture grew L. adecarboxylata, which was sensitive to all antibiotics but resolved with meropenem treatment. Owing to increasing L. adecarboxylata infections, we recommend further studies to understand the organism's pathogenesis, risk factors, and resistance pattern.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host
PubMed: 33782375
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.929537 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Apr 2022
Topics: Animals; China; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Swine
PubMed: 35171993
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac032 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Oct 2013Infection is a common complication in patients carrying a central venous catheter (CVC) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Leclercia... (Review)
Review
Infection is a common complication in patients carrying a central venous catheter (CVC) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Leclercia adecarboxylata is an unusual but emerging pathogen in healthy and immunocompromised patients. We report a case of L. adecarboxylata bacteraemia in a patient with a haemodialysis tunnelled CVC. In accordance with the susceptibility to the tested antimicrobials, a long-course treatment with intravenous gentamicin plus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and gentamicin-lock therapy was adopted. The patient had a full recovery and the catheter was not removed. We also performed a systematic PubMed/Medline and Scopus review of peer-reviewed English papers on L. adecarboxylata infections, focusing on bacteraemia in patients with different types of CVCs. Moreover, we suggest a treatment algorithm to preserve the patient and maintain the CVC.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Catheter-Related Infections; Catheterization, Central Venous; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Male; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23882033
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.059535-0