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Journal of Athletic Training Jun 2015Identifying neuromuscular screening factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a critical step toward large-scale deployment of effective ACL...
CONTEXT
Identifying neuromuscular screening factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a critical step toward large-scale deployment of effective ACL injury-prevention programs. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is a valid and reliable clinical assessment of jump-landing biomechanics.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the ability of the LESS to identify individuals at risk for ACL injury in an elite-youth soccer population.
DESIGN
Cohort study.
SETTING
Field-based functional movement screening performed at soccer practice facilities.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
A total of 829 elite-youth soccer athletes (348 boys, 481 girls; age = 13.9 ± 1.8 years, age range = 11 to 18 years), of whom 25% (n = 207) were less than 13 years of age.
INTERVENTION(S)
Baseline preseason testing for all participants consisted of a jump-landing task (3 trials). Participants were followed prospectively throughout their soccer seasons for diagnosis of ACL injuries (1217 athlete-seasons of follow-up).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Landings were scored for "errors" in technique using the LESS. We used receiver operator characteristic curves to determine a cutpoint on the LESS. Sensitivity and specificity of the LESS in predicting ACL injury were assessed.
RESULTS
Seven participants sustained ACL injuries during the follow-up period; the mechanism of injury was noncontact or indirect contact for all injuries. Uninjured participants had lower LESS scores (4.43 ± 1.71) than injured participants (6.24 ± 1.75; t1215 = -2.784, P = .005). The receiver operator characteristic curve analyses suggested that 5 was the optimal cutpoint for the LESS, generating a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 64%.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite sample-size limitations, the LESS showed potential as a screening tool to determine ACL injury risk in elite-youth soccer athletes.
Topics: Adolescent; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Case-Control Studies; Child; Early Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Knee Injuries; Male; Movement; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Soccer; Sports Medicine; Video Recording
PubMed: 25811846
DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.1.10 -
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental... 2022A major recent advance in cell biology is the mechanistic and kinetic understanding of biogenesis of many membrane-less condensates. As membrane-less condensates and... (Review)
Review
A major recent advance in cell biology is the mechanistic and kinetic understanding of biogenesis of many membrane-less condensates. As membrane-less condensates and membrane-bound organelles are two major approaches used by the eukaryotic cells to organize cellular contents, it is not surprising that these membrane-less condensates interact with the membrane-bound organelles and are dynamically regulated by the cellular signaling, metabolic states, and proteostasis network. In this review, I will discuss recent progress in the biogenesis of membrane-less condensates and their connections with well-studied membrane-bound organelles. Future work will reveal the molecular and functional connectome among different condensates and membrane-bound organelles.
PubMed: 35547815
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.896305 -
Demographic Research 2021Understanding the trend toward later and less marriage is particularly important in low-fertility societies where alternatives to marriage are limited and childbearing...
BACKGROUND
Understanding the trend toward later and less marriage is particularly important in low-fertility societies where alternatives to marriage are limited and childbearing outside of marriage remains rare.
OBJECTIVE
Our goal in this paper is to advance our understanding of the wide variety of explanations offered for later and less marriage in Japan by focusing explicitly on marriage intentions and desires.
METHODS
Using two sources of nationally representative data, we describe the prevalence of positive, negative, and passive marriage intentions and desires among men and women who have never been married. We also examine socioeconomic differences in intentions, patterns of marriage desires across young adulthood, and relationships between marriage desires and outcomes. By linking three pathways to later and less marriage (rejection of marriage, failure to realize marriage desires, and unplanned drifting into singlehood) to specific theoretical frameworks, we generate indirect insights into explanations for later and less marriage.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the large majority of unmarried men and women want to marry, less than half of respondents married across nine waves of the Japanese Life Course Panel Survey. Among those who remained unmarried, roughly two-thirds can be classified as 'drifting' into singlehood, about 30% as 'failing to realize marriage desires,' and no more than 5% as 'rejecting marriage.'
CONTRIBUTION
By extending the small body of research on marriage intentions and desires, this study provides a framework for thinking broadly about explanations for later and less marriage in Japan and highlights the importance of both failure to realize marriage desires and unplanned drifting into singlehood.
PubMed: 34054337
DOI: 10.4054/demres.2021.44.3 -
Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official... Jun 2019US smokers of Natural American Spirit, a brand marketed as "organic" and "additive-free," are more likely than other cigarette smokers to believe that their brand might...
Widespread Belief That Organic and Additive-Free Tobacco Products are Less Harmful Than Regular Tobacco Products: Results From the 2017 US Health Information National Trends Survey.
SIGNIFICANCE
US smokers of Natural American Spirit, a brand marketed as "organic" and "additive-free," are more likely than other cigarette smokers to believe that their brand might be less harmful than other brands. This article (1) describes the prevalence of belief that "organic" and "additive-free" tobacco is less harmful than regular tobacco products in the US population and (2) describes the sociodemographic characteristics of adults who believe tobacco products with these descriptors are less harmful.
METHODS
Data were drawn from the 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults. Logistic regression models were used to examine correlates of the belief that "organic" or "additive-free" tobacco products are less harmful than regular tobacco products.
RESULTS
Overall, 26.7% of US adults and 45.3% of adult smokers believe that "organic" tobacco products are less harmful than regular tobacco products. Similarly, 35.2% of US adults and 47.1% of smokers believe that "additive-free" tobacco products are less harmful. When examining gender, age, education, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and smoking status, only age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] ~0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 0.99 for both outcomes) and smoking status (current vs. never smokers, aOR ~1.78, 95% CI 1.03, 3.07 for both outcomes) were correlates of believing that "organic" or "additive-free" tobacco is less harmful than regular tobacco products.
CONCLUSIONS
Belief that "organic" and "additive-free" tobacco products are less harmful than other products is widespread. Younger adults and current smokers are most likely to be misinformed by "organic" or "additive-free" tobacco product descriptors.
IMPLICATIONS
Belief that "organic" and "additive-free" tobacco products are less harmful than other products is widespread among US adults and most prevalent among smokers. Removal of terms that incorrectly imply reduced harm may correct current and future consumers' misperceptions about the brand.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Culture; Female; Harm Reduction; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Smokers; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Products; Tobacco Smoking; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 30722066
DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz015 -
Urology Annals 2017Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery in urology is an ever progressing field, and boundaries are constantly broken with the aid of new technology. Advancements in... (Review)
Review
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery in urology is an ever progressing field, and boundaries are constantly broken with the aid of new technology. Advancements in instrumentation have given birth to the era of robotic laparoendoscopic single-site technique (R-LESS). R-LESS however, has not gained widespread acceptance due to technical hurdles such as adequate triangulation, robotic arm clashing, decreased access for the bedside assistant, lack of wrist articulation, continued need for an axillary/accessory port, lack of robust retraction, and ergonomic discomfort. Many innovations have been explored to counter such limitations. We aim to give a brief overview of a history and development of R-LESS urologic surgery and outline the latest advancements in the realm of urologic R-LESS. By searching PubMed selectively for relevant articles, we concluded a literature review. We searched using the keywords: robotic laparoscopic single incision, robotic laparoendoscopic single-site, single incision robotic surgery, and R-LESS. We selected all relevant articles in that pertained to single-site robotic surgery in urology. We selected all relevant articles that pertained to single-site robotic surgery in urology in a table encompassed within this article. The development of the R-LESS procedures, instrumentations, and platforms has been an evolution in progress. Our results showed the history and evolution toward a purpose-built single-port robotic platform that addresses previous limitations to R-LESS. Even though previous studies have shown feasibility with R-LESS, the future of R-LESS depends on the availability of purpose-built robotic platforms. The larger concern is the demonstration of the definitive advantage of single-site over the conventional multiport surgery.
PubMed: 28794585
DOI: 10.4103/UA.UA_51_17 -
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Dec 2018Recently, an increasing interest in less invasive surgery has led to the advent of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) and natural orifice transluminal... (Review)
Review
Recently, an increasing interest in less invasive surgery has led to the advent of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). LESS and NOTES could be technically challenging, but available literature has demonstrated the feasibility and safety of LESS for benign gynecologic diseases. However, the evidence is not strong enough to recommend the use of LESS over that of conventional multiport laparoscopic surgery (MLS). As per the results of the most recently published meta-analysis, the majority of surgical outcomes are equivalent between LESS and MLS, except for the longer operative time in LESS for both adnexal surgery and hysterectomy. Although an increasing number of studies have reported on robotic LESS, NOTES, and LESS for gynecologic malignancy, definite conclusions have not been drawn owing to the lack of sufficient information.
PubMed: 31620587
DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.150