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American Heart Journal Aug 1952
Topics: Cardiovascular Abnormalities; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Levocardia; Situs Inversus
PubMed: 14952440
DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(52)90144-0 -
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine :... Mar 2007Isolated levocardia is a rare type of situs inversus in which the heart is in the normal levo position, but the abdominal viscera are in the dextro position. We aim to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Isolated levocardia is a rare type of situs inversus in which the heart is in the normal levo position, but the abdominal viscera are in the dextro position. We aim to describe our experience with prenatal diagnosis and management in fetuses with isolated levocardia.
METHODS
Of all the cases referred to our tertiary ultrasound unit, 3 cases of isolated levocardia were diagnosed. Patients and fetuses were evaluated every 4 weeks until delivery and postnatally.
RESULTS
Two of the 3 fetuses had interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygous continuation. However, postnatal evaluation revealed polysplenia in 1 neonate and asplenia in another. Polysplenia was also diagnosed in the third neonate, who had a normal inferior vena cava on antenatal examination. One neonate had a small ventricular septal defect.
CONCLUSIONS
Fetal isolated levocardia is associated with a good outcome, in which other malformations are excluded. Therefore, we suggest conservative management in such cases.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Levocardia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Vena Cava, Inferior; Viscera
PubMed: 17324986
DOI: 10.7863/jum.2007.26.3.361 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Dec 2023Situs inversus with levocardia is a rare anomaly in which the heart is present in the left chest but the abdominal viscera are transposed. It is caused by a single...
BACKGROUND
Situs inversus with levocardia is a rare anomaly in which the heart is present in the left chest but the abdominal viscera are transposed. It is caused by a single incomplete penetration of an autosomal recessive gene. It is unclear what exactly causes situs inversus with levocardia. Even if situs inversus can be identified following a comprehensive physical examination, it is now possible to validate the results and search for further information and pathologies since medical imaging is so widely accessible.
CASE
A 15-year-old Oromo male child from a remote area of Bale Zone presented to the Goba Referral Hospital's medical emergency outpatient department complaining of periumbilical pain that had persisted for 4 months. He frequently came to our hospital and was admitted three times with the same problem. Objectively, there was tenderness over the left lower quadrant and periumbilical area. The sonographic evaluation discovered the transposition of the liver and spleen with cardiac apex on the left side. He received conservative treatment with ceftriaxone 1 g intravenous twice a day and metronidazole 500 mg intravenous for 5 days, and he went home improved.
CONCLUSION
Isolated levocardia is a rare form of situs inversus in which the heart is in the traditional levo position while the abdominal organs are in the dextro position. What causes situs inversus with levocardia is unknown. Despite the fact that situs inversus can be diagnosed after a thorough physical examination, medical imaging has allowed us to confirm the findings as well as understand more about diseases. Due to the severity of an underlying heart defect, situs inversus with levocardia has a dismal prognosis.
Topics: Child; Male; Adolescent; Humans; Levocardia; Situs Inversus; Heart Defects, Congenital; Viscera; Abdomen
PubMed: 38042875
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04254-9 -
Revista Espanola de Cardiologia Feb 2003
Topics: Female; Humans; Levocardia; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Middle Aged
PubMed: 12605767
DOI: No ID Found -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 1991Isolated levocardia with situs inversus, or ILSI, is a rare anomaly with a reported incidence of 1:22,000 in the general population and from 0.4% to 1.2% of all patients... (Review)
Review
Isolated levocardia with situs inversus, or ILSI, is a rare anomaly with a reported incidence of 1:22,000 in the general population and from 0.4% to 1.2% of all patients with congenital heart diseases. It is commonly associated with both congenital heart disease and splenic abnormalities, either asplenia or polysplenia. The prognosis is poor, and only about 5% to 13% of patients survive more than 5 years. The case described here, which had computed tomographic findings, is the first case reported with multiple malignancies associated with ILSI. This patient, at 73 years of age, is the second longest survivor reported in the literature.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Aged; Female; Humans; Levocardia; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Prognosis; Situs Inversus; Survival Rate; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 1893555
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.58.3.243 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Nov 2017To investigate the differences in cardiovascular disease, extracardiac anomalies and outcomes between fetuses with levocardia and dextrocardia. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
To investigate the differences in cardiovascular disease, extracardiac anomalies and outcomes between fetuses with levocardia and dextrocardia.
METHODS
Clinical demographics, prenatal features, postnatal characteristics and the outcomes of fetuses with levocardia or dextrocardia were recorded and analyzed.
RESULTS
Sixty-five fetuses with dextrocardia and thirty-eight fetuses with levocardia were enrolled. Right ventricle outlet obstruction, atrioventricular septal defect and intestinal malrotation were common in both groups. Univentricular physiology, transposition of the great arteries and esophageal atresia were more frequent in fetuses with levocardia, whereas abnormal pulmonary venous connection, double outlet of right ventricle, left ventricle outlet obstruction and brain abnormalities were more frequent in the dextrocardia group. The accuracy of evaluating cardiac malformations was high, but the sensitivity in assessing extracardiac abnormalities was low.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the disorders have certain overlapping features, there are several differences between fetuses with levocardia and dextrocardia. These findings might improve patient counseling and perinatal management.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Dextrocardia; Female; Fetal Heart; Heart Septal Defects; Heart Ventricles; Heterotaxy Syndrome; Humans; Levocardia; Pregnancy; Pulmonary Veins; Transposition of Great Vessels; Ventricular Function
PubMed: 29169330
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1579-y -
Pediatric Cardiology Apr 2013Isolated levocardia (ILC) is a developmental abnormality involving an abnormal abdominal situs with a normal cardiac situs. This abnormality is especially rare when it... (Review)
Review
Isolated levocardia (ILC) is a developmental abnormality involving an abnormal abdominal situs with a normal cardiac situs. This abnormality is especially rare when it is associated with a normal cardiac anatomy. The prenatal diagnoses of seven cases were reported in the English literature. This report presents two cases referred to the authors' echocardiography laboratory for maternal diabetes mellitus in case 1 and suspected dextrocardia in case 2. In both cases, ILC with a structurally normal heart was diagnosed prenatally. The child in the first case was found to have a normal inferior vena cava (IVC) prenatally. Postnatally, he was found to have intestinal malrotation with duodenal obstruction and multiple splenules. Interruption of the IVC was shown by abdominal ultrasound. The child in the second case was found to have an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation prenatally. Postnatally, intestinal malrotation with no evidence of intestinal obstruction or asplenia was detected. Neither of the cases had reported cardiac arrhythmias. Early diagnosis is crucial in these cases due to the high incidence of associated anomalies and potential life-threatening conditions. Management of patients with ILC is dictated by the associated anomalies. Long-term follow-up assessment is recommended for these patients to monitor the development of rhythm abnormalities.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Levocardia; Male; Pregnancy; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 22614902
DOI: 10.1007/s00246-012-0359-8 -
Kyobu Geka. the Japanese Journal of... May 1964
Topics: Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Electrocardiography; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant; Levocardia; Pathology; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis; Radiography, Thoracic; Situs Inversus; Thoracic Surgery
PubMed: 14148097
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Brasileira de Medicina Sep 1953
Topics: Cardiovascular Abnormalities; Cardiovascular System; Electrocardiography; Humans; Levocardia; Situs Inversus
PubMed: 13134748
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Espanola de Cardiologia 1975
Topics: Adult; Angiocardiography; Cardiac Catheterization; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiography; Female; Gold Isotopes; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial; Humans; Levocardia; Male; Situs Inversus; Technetium; Transposition of Great Vessels
PubMed: 1124307
DOI: No ID Found