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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2020Listeriosis is one of the most notable foodborne diseases and is characterized by high rates of mortality. is the main cause of human listeriosis outbreaks, however,...
Listeriosis is one of the most notable foodborne diseases and is characterized by high rates of mortality. is the main cause of human listeriosis outbreaks, however, there are isolated cases of disease caused by other species of the genus . The aim of this study was to evaluate strains of ( = 7), ( = 6), and ( = 2) isolated from fish and shrimps for their virulence based on the presence of virulence genes and the in vivo (zebrafish) larvae models. A total of 15 strains were analyzed. The zebrafish larvae model showed that the larvae injected with strains were characterized by the lowest survival rate (46.5%), followed by strains (64.2%) and (83.0%) strains. Multiplex PCRs were used for detection of selected virulence genes (S, A2, A, B, , B, B, A, A), the majority of which were present in . Only a few virulence-related genes were found in , however, no correlation between the occurrence of these genes and larval survival was confirmed. This research highlights the importance of the potential impact that spp. strains isolated from fish and shrimps may have on consumers.
PubMed: 33302405
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121028 -
Biomolecules Apr 2021the bacterial foodborne pathogen responsible for the severe disease listeriosis, frequently exhibits heavy metal resistance. Concurrent resistance to cadmium and...
the bacterial foodborne pathogen responsible for the severe disease listeriosis, frequently exhibits heavy metal resistance. Concurrent resistance to cadmium and arsenic in is strongly associated with the 35-kb chromosomal island LGI2. LGI2 has been encountered repeatedly among serotype 4b hypervirulent clones but, surprisingly, not among non-pathogenic spp. Here we describe a novel LGI2 variant, LGI2-3, in two strains from an urban aquatic environment. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed that the genomes were closely related except for one prophage region and confirmed a chromosomally integrated LGI2-3. It harbored a cystathionine beta-lyase gene previously only encountered in LGI2-1 of clonal complex 1 but was otherwise most closely related to LGI2. LGI2-3 harbored a novel cassette ( that, like LGI2's , was associated with lower-level tolerance to cadmium (MIC 50 μg/mL) than other cassettes (MIC ≥ 140 μg/mL). CadA sequence analysis identified two amino acids that may be important for mediating different levels of cadmium tolerance. Our findings clearly demonstrated the potential for LGI2-like islands to be harbored by non-pathogenic spp. and generate intriguing hypotheses on the genetic diversity mediated by this island and its transfer among spp.
Topics: Arsenic; Bacterial Proteins; Cadmium; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genomic Islands; Listeria; Lyases
PubMed: 33920493
DOI: 10.3390/biom11040560 -
Microorganisms Feb 2022(.) is a foodborne pathogen that can cause disease, mainly in elderly, pregnant or immunocompromised persons through consumption of contaminated food, including pork...
(.) is a foodborne pathogen that can cause disease, mainly in elderly, pregnant or immunocompromised persons through consumption of contaminated food, including pork products. It is widespread in the environment and can also be found in asymptomatic carrier animals, for example, in different tissues of pigs. To learn more about their nature, 16 spp. isolates found in tonsils and intestinal content of pigs and 13 isolates from the slaughterhouse environment were characterized using next-generation sequencing (NGS). A wide distribution of clonal complexes was observed in pigs, as well as in the pork production chain, suggesting multiple sources of entry. Hypervirulent clones were found in pig tonsils, showing the potential risk of pigs as source of isolates causing human disease. The presence of closely related isolates along the production chain suggests a cross-contamination in the slaughterhouse or recontamination from the same source, strengthening the importance of efficient cleaning and disinfection procedures. The phenotypical antimicrobial resistance status of isolates was examined via broth microdilution and revealed a low resistance level. Nevertheless, genotypical resistance data suggested multiple resistances in some non-pathogenic isolates from pig samples, which might pose a risk of spreading resistances to pathogenic species.
PubMed: 35336088
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030512 -
Food Microbiology Apr 2015The presence of multiple species of Listeria in regulated food products is not uncommon and can complicate the recovery of Listeria monocytogenes particularly on a...
The presence of multiple species of Listeria in regulated food products is not uncommon and can complicate the recovery of Listeria monocytogenes particularly on a non-differentiating medium. The potential complications of Listeria seeligeri and Listeria welshimeri on the recovery of L. monocytogenes from inoculated food test samples using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) selective enrichment procedure was investigated. Post-enrichment enumeration, in the absence of food product, indicates that some L. seeligeri and L. monocytogenes pairings may have population differentials as great as 2.7 ± 0.1 logs with L. seeligeri being the predominant species. A similar observation was noted for L. welshimeri and L. monocytogenes pairings which resulted in population differentials as large as 3.7 ± 0.2 logs with L. welshimeri being the predominant species. Select strain pairings were used to inoculate guacamole, crab meat, broccoli, and cheese with subsequent recovery by the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) method with 10 colonies per sample selected for confirmation. The presence of L. seeligeri had little effect on the recovery of L. monocytogenes. The presence of L. welshimeri resulted in the failure to recover L. monocytogenes in three out of the four food matrices. This work extends the observation that non-pathogenic species of Listeria can complicate the recovery of L. monocytogenes and that competition during selective enrichment is not limited to the presence of just Listeria innocua.
Topics: Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes
PubMed: 25475325
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.09.008 -
Prevalence and contamination levels of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked fish and pâté sold in Spain.Journal of Food Protection Dec 2001From March to November 2000, 170 samples of smoked fish and 182 samples of pâté for sale in retail outlets and supermarkets in the nine provinces of Castilla and León...
From March to November 2000, 170 samples of smoked fish and 182 samples of pâté for sale in retail outlets and supermarkets in the nine provinces of Castilla and León (Spain) were analyzed for the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 38 (22.3%) of the 170 samples of smoked fish analyzed. Twenty of these positive samples contained L. monocytogenes at >100 CFU/g. Other Listeria spp., such as Listeria innocua (26 isolates), Listeria grayi (9), Listeria welshimeri (3), Listeria seeligeri (3), and Listeria ivanovii (2), were also detected. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 5.4% of the 182 samples of pâté. Only 1 of the 10 positive samples harbored >100 L. monocytogenes CFU/g. Two other species of Listeria were observed in pâté: L. innocua (12 isolates) and L. grayi (2).
Topics: Animals; Colony Count, Microbial; Fishes; Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes; Prevalence; Smoke; Spain
PubMed: 11770642
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-64.12.2075 -
Microbes and Infection Aug 2007This review describes the Listeria monocytogenes genome sequences available today and their comparison with that of Listeria innocua and Listeria welshimeri by... (Review)
Review
This review describes the Listeria monocytogenes genome sequences available today and their comparison with that of Listeria innocua and Listeria welshimeri by highlighting their characteristic features and common traits. The diversity present among them is analysed with emphasis on putative virulence and host-pathogen interaction related functions. Then large-scale studies comparing gene content of Listeria and how these studies contributed to typing applications will be discussed. Finally, evolutionary conclusions and future perspectives in Listeria genomics are presented.
Topics: Animals; Biodiversity; Evolution, Molecular; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes
PubMed: 17719817
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.05.002 -
Veterinary Medicine International 2022A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of species and assess the antibiogram of () isolated from milk and milk...
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of species and assess the antibiogram of () isolated from milk and milk products from Holeta, Ambo, and Bako towns, Ethiopia. A total of 482 samples (384 milk, 35 cottage cheeses, 30 bulk tank milk, and 33 curdle milk) were collected using a systematic random sampling method and isolation and identification of species were done using standard microbiological techniques. An antimicrobial susceptibility test for was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the prevalence of while the Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association between the prevalence of and the risk factors and the magnitude of association, respectively. The overall isolation rate of species from milk and milk products was 7.67% (37/482; 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.46, 10.42). The highest prevalence of species (15.15%; 95% CI: 5.11-31.90) was detected in bulk tank milk and the lowest prevalence of species (6.67%; 95% CI: 0.82-22.07) and (0.00; 95% CI: 0.00-1.15) was found in curdled milk. The other species isolated were 0.62% (3/482; 95% CI: 0.13-1.81), 1.04% (5/482; 95% CI: 0.33-2.40), 1.24%, (6/482; 95% CI: 0.45-2.68), and 2.49% (12/482; 95% CI: 5.46-10.42). Univariable logistic regression showed that study town, herd size, farm size, number of lactating cows, and management system were the factors significantly associated with the isolation of species at farm level, while the intensive management system was the independent predictor at cow level in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38, =0.046). isolates showed the highest resistance against oxacillin (100%), amoxicillin (90.91%), and vancomycine (81.82%). showed a very high multidrug resistance (MDR) [81.82%]. In conclusion, the current study showed the widespread type of species MDR isolates in cow raw milk and milk products from Ambo, Holeta, and Bako towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
PubMed: 35465403
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5643478 -
Polish Journal of Microbiology Mar 2023is a widespread foodborne pathogen contaminating foods during their production or processing stages. Fresh meat is susceptible to such contamination if it is not...
is a widespread foodborne pathogen contaminating foods during their production or processing stages. Fresh meat is susceptible to such contamination if it is not properly preserved. Our study was conducted to reveal the level of contamination and prevalence of spp. present in livestock and poultry meat from Gansu province. A total of 1,387 samples were collected from five cities in Gansu Province according to standard sampling procedures, of which 174 samples (12.5%) were positive for species. Among them, 14 isolates of (1.0%), 150 isolates of (10.8%), and ten isolates of (0.7%) were identified by conventional bacteriological and molecular identification methods. All isolates were subjected to serological assays, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, growth curve assays, determination of biofilm-forming capacity, and cluster analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Four predominant serotypes of were identified, including 1/2a (35.7%, 5/14), 1/2b (14.3%, 2/14), 1/2c (42.9%, 6/14), and 4b (7.1%, 1/14). All isolates were resistant to tetracycline and cefoxitin. Most isolates (63.6%, 14/22) and (40%, 4/10) were resistant to tetracycline. The high biofilm-forming ability was observed among 1/2c and 1/2a serotype isolates. The cluster analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a close genetic relationship between the three species. This study fills the gap in the knowledge of livestock and poultry meat that carry in slaughterhouses and markets in Gansu Province.
Topics: Animals; Livestock; Food Microbiology; Prevalence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Poultry; Serotyping; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes; Meat; Tetracyclines
PubMed: 36929888
DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-002 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jun 1990Eight hundred fifty-nine murine hybridomas were produced from eight fusions, and 27 were characterized for secretion of antibodies reactive to Listeria monocytogenes....
Eight hundred fifty-nine murine hybridomas were produced from eight fusions, and 27 were characterized for secretion of antibodies reactive to Listeria monocytogenes. One monoclonal antibody (MAb), P5C9, reacted with all test strains of L. monocytogenes (31 of 31), L. innocua (3 of 3), and L. welshimeri (1 of 1) but not with any strains of the other four Listeria species or with any of 22 gram-positive or 11 gram-negative species of bacteria when tested in microtiter and dot blot enzyme immunoassays. Of the other 26 antibodies, 20 reacted with either L. monocytogenes Scott A or V7 and with some or all of the other six Listeria species but also cross-reacted with some or all of the non-Listeria bacteria tested. MAb P5C9 is of the immunoglobulin G1 murine subclass. In Western blot (immunoblot) analyses, this MAb reacted with a single antigen with a molecular weight of 18,500, and it is shared in common with all three reactive species, L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, and L. welshimeri. This antigen was extracted with detergent and appeared to be cell bound.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Antigens, Bacterial; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Cross Reactions; Food Microbiology; Humans; Hybridomas; Immunoglobulin G; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes
PubMed: 2116762
DOI: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1897-1904.1990 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2021Listeriosis is one of the globally distributed foodborne diseases with the highest fatality rate. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify species,...
PURPOSE
Listeriosis is one of the globally distributed foodborne diseases with the highest fatality rate. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify species, assess factors for contamination of beef, and antibiogram of in Ambo and Holeta towns, Central Ethiopia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 450 meat samples were collected from abattoirs (n=150), butchers (n=150), and restaurants (n=150) for isolation and identification of species. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the occurrence of species in meat and potential risk factors. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using the Kirby Bauer test.
RESULTS
The overall occurrence of species in Ambo and Holeta towns was 28.4% (128/450; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.3-32.9%). The isolation rate of was 4.4%, 2.2%, 1.8%, 3.8%, 6.2%, and 10.2%. The probability of contamination of meat in butchers and restaurants was higher in Holeta than Ambo [OR=3.4; 95%; p=0.001], in dry than wet season [OR=5.2; p=0.009], and where the hygiene of cutting boards was poor (OR=7.7; p=0.008). Of the 20 isolates, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 55% were resistant to oxacillin, amikacin, and nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, respectively. The isolates were 95%, 90%, and 85% susceptible to amoxicillin, vancomycin, and clindamycin, respectively. About 95% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. One isolate (5%) had developed resistance to 10 classes of antimicrobial drugs.
CONCLUSION
species are widespread and study towns, season, and hygiene of cutting boards are independent predictors of isolation of species. Multidrug resistance among was very high. Therefore, adequate cooking of meat, regular training of beef handlers, prudent use of drugs, and further molecular studies on species are important.
PubMed: 33907427
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S304871