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Aesthetic Surgery Journal Sep 2014Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare yet devastating complication from the administration of local anesthesia. The ability to recognize and treat LAST is... (Review)
Review
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare yet devastating complication from the administration of local anesthesia. The ability to recognize and treat LAST is critical for clinicians who administer these drugs. The authors reviewed the literature on the mechanism, treatment, and prevention of LAST, with the goal of proposing a practical method for its management.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Humans; Patient Safety; Poisoning; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 25028740
DOI: 10.1177/1090820X14543102 -
Journal of Dental Education Oct 2018The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the published literature on current educational techniques used to teach local anesthesia administration in U.S. dental... (Review)
Review
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the published literature on current educational techniques used to teach local anesthesia administration in U.S. dental schools to determine the methods by which potential complications may be minimized and efficacy maximized. A PubMed search was performed in June 2017 on the following terms: (local anesthesia, education, dental) AND (Humans[Mesh]). Out of 136 articles identified, 13 met the study criteria and were included for review. Of those, the nine with outcome measures were included in the qualitative synthesis. With a quality assessment tool designed for this study, the quality of each included article was assessed independently by three of the authors. Three main pedagogies were identified: didactic instruction based on textbooks and lectures, student-to-student injections, and use of anatomic models. However, the effects of these pedagogies on local anesthesia administration efficacy, patient satisfaction, and student confidence in administering local anesthesia were largely not assessed in these studies. Quality assessment of the reviewed articles yielded a mean score of 62% (range 44-83%) for the observational studies and a mean score of 56% (range 47-63%) for the interventional studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies assessed, no meta-analysis could be performed. While the experimental and observational studies reviewed provided some insight into the efficacy of current educational techniques, they had numerous methodological inconsistencies. The inconsistency of the available evidence made it difficult to make fully informed curriculum recommendations based on the existing literature.
Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Local; Humans; Schools, Dental; Teaching; United States
PubMed: 30275140
DOI: 10.21815/JDE.018.106 -
Seminars in Dermatology Mar 1994Knowledge of local anesthesia is critically important to perform dermatologic surgery. The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of local anesthesia.... (Review)
Review
Knowledge of local anesthesia is critically important to perform dermatologic surgery. The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of local anesthesia. The principles of local anesthesia as it pertains to dermatologic surgery are reviewed. New methods of delivering local anesthesia are also presented. Local anesthetics are safe, effective drugs that provide transient insensibility to pain in a limited area of skin. There are a variety of methods of inducing local anesthesia which can be tailored to the requirements of the contemplated procedure. Local anesthetics allow dermatologists to perform a range of procedures safely. Recent developments in topical anesthetics and in tumescent local anesthesia have provided the dermatologic surgeon other methods of delivering local anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans
PubMed: 8155510
DOI: No ID Found -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Jul 2008Although general anesthesia commonly is used in cattle, there are some risks with its use. Local or regional anesthesia is safe and effective and is still the most... (Review)
Review
Although general anesthesia commonly is used in cattle, there are some risks with its use. Local or regional anesthesia is safe and effective and is still the most desirable procedure in many situations. Many surgical procedures can be performed safely and humanely in cattle by using a combination of physical restraint, mild sedation, and local or regional anesthesia. Local anesthetic techniques are usually simple, inexpensive, and provide a reversible loss of sensation to a relatively well-defined area of the body.
Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Cattle; Restraint, Physical; Safety
PubMed: 18471564
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.02.013 -
Acta Chirurgica Iugoslavica 2011Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common procedures in general surgery. All anesthetic methods can be used in inguinal hernia repairs. Local anesthesia for groin... (Review)
Review
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common procedures in general surgery. All anesthetic methods can be used in inguinal hernia repairs. Local anesthesia for groin hernia repair had been introduced at the very beginning of the last century, and gained popularity following the success reports from the Shouldice Hospital, and the Lichtenstein Hernia Institute. Today, local anesthesia is routinely used in specialized hernia clinics, whereas its use is still not a common practice in general hospitals, in spite of its proven advantages and recommendations by current hernia repair guidelines. In this review, the technical options for local anaesthesia in groin hernia repairs, commonly used local anaesthetics and their doses, potential complications related to the technique are evaluated. A comparison of local, general and regional anesthesia methods is also presented. Local anaesthesia technique has a short learning curve requiring simple training. It is easy to learn and apply, and its use is in open anterior repairs a nice way for health care economics. Local anesthesia has been shown to have certain advantages over general and regional anesthesia in inguinal hernia repairs. It is more economic and requires a shorter time in the operating room and shorter stay in the institution. It causes less postoperative pain, requires less analgesic consumption; avoids nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. Patients can mobilize and take oral liquids and solid foods much earlier. Most importantly, local anesthesia is the most suitable type of anesthesia in elder, fragile patients and patients with ASA II-IV scores.
Topics: Anesthesia, Conduction; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans
PubMed: 22369015
DOI: 10.2298/aci1103025k -
Local analgesia in paediatric dentistry: a systematic review of techniques and pharmacologic agents.European Archives of Paediatric... Oct 2017To evaluate the evidence supporting effects and adverse effects of local analgesia using different pharmacological agents and injection techniques during dental... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To evaluate the evidence supporting effects and adverse effects of local analgesia using different pharmacological agents and injection techniques during dental treatment in children and adolescents aged 3-19 years.
METHODS
A systematic literature search of databases including PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus was conducted in November 2016. The PRISMA-statement was followed. Two review authors independently assessed the selected randomised control trials for risk of bias and quality.
RESULTS
725 scientific papers were identified. 89 papers were identified to be read in full text of which 80 were excluded. Finally, 9 papers were evaluated for quality and risk of bias. Many of the included papers had methodological shortcomings affecting the possibility to draw conclusions. Information about ethical clearance and consent were missing in some of the included papers. No alarming adverse effects were identified. One study was assessed as having low risk of bias. This reported inferior alveolar nerve block to be more effective than buccal infiltration for dental treatment of mandibular molars, while no differences were found regarding pharmacological agents.
CONCLUSIONS
At present, there is insufficient evidence in support of any pharmacologic agent or injection technique as being superior compared to others. There is a need for more rigorous studies which also handle the ethical issues of including children in potentially painful studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Care for Children; Ethics, Dental; Humans; Pain Management
PubMed: 28913645
DOI: 10.1007/s40368-017-0302-z -
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Oct 1990The use of local anesthetics in soft-tissue facial surgery can be safe, efficient, economical, and convenient. Understanding these agents and using them with proficiency... (Review)
Review
The use of local anesthetics in soft-tissue facial surgery can be safe, efficient, economical, and convenient. Understanding these agents and using them with proficiency allows the surgeon to perform a variety of operative procedures with minimal anesthetic morbidity on patients who are relaxed, comfortable, and insensitive to pain.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Face; Humans; Minor Surgical Procedures; Neck; Surgery, Plastic
PubMed: 2259504
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Feb 2021Perceived pain during local anesthesia injections can be effected by the injection sequence. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Perceived pain during local anesthesia injections can be effected by the injection sequence.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to compare pain levels during local anesthesia injections during upper lid blepharoplasty (ULB) using 2 surgical sequences.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Patients with ULB were randomized to either have local anesthesia injection followed by ULB in the right eyelid and then in the left (Group A) or to have local anesthesia injection to both eyelids followed by ULB on both eyelids (Group B). Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain score of 0 to 10.
RESULTS
Forty patients were included and randomized. The mean VAS score in Group A was 2.60 ± 1.84 and 3.30 ± 1.62 (right and left, respectively, p value = .035). The mean VAS score in Group B was 2.55 ± 1.63 and 2.80 ± 1.67 (right and left eyelids, respectively, p value = .258). No intergroup difference in pain was found.
CONCLUSION
Patients having sequential anesthesia during ULB perceived more pain on injection to the second eyelid, whereas patients having local anesthesia followed by ULB perceived the same amount of pain in both eyes. Pain levels in both groups were similar. Local anesthesia injections in both groups were well tolerated.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Blepharoplasty; Female; Humans; Male; Pain; Pain Measurement; Perception; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33481452
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002718 -
Current Opinion in Obstetrics &... Apr 1990
Review
Topics: Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Anesthesia, Conduction; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Local; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans
PubMed: 2102324
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Dental... Oct 1982
Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Local; History, 19th Century
PubMed: 6752246
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1982.0427