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Frontiers in Psychiatry 2022The present study aimed to explore the roles of resilience, internal locus of control, and self-esteem in the link between mindfulness and benign/malicious envy (BE/ME)....
The present study aimed to explore the roles of resilience, internal locus of control, and self-esteem in the link between mindfulness and benign/malicious envy (BE/ME). Nine hundred ninety-one participants (299 males, 692 females; mean age = 19.05 ± 1.54) completed a survey that assessed mindfulness, internal locus of control, resilience, self-esteem, and BE/ME. The results suggest that resilience, internal locus of control, and self-esteem independently mediate the relationship between mindfulness and BE/ME. Additionally, "internal locus of control → resilience" and "self-esteem → resilience" play chain mediating roles in the relationship between mindfulness and BE/ME. Namely, mindfulness is positively associated with resilience improving internal control and self-esteem, thereby inhibiting malicious envy and promoting benign envy. The present study advances our knowledge of the mindfulness reperceiving theory, and thus provides a new explanation for the inhibition of negative emotions from the perspective of resilience, internal locus of control, and self-esteem.
PubMed: 36111304
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.878690 -
Microbial Genomics Mar 2022The outer polysaccharide capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens are key targets for novel control strategies targeting and related taxa from the species complex...
The outer polysaccharide capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens are key targets for novel control strategies targeting and related taxa from the species complex (KpSC), including vaccines, phage and monoclonal antibody therapies. Given the importance and growing interest in these highly diverse surface antigens, we had previously developed Kaptive, a tool for rapidly identifying and typing capsule (K) and outer LPS (O) loci from whole genome sequence data. Here, we report two significant updates, now freely available in Kaptive 2.0 (https://github.com/katholt/kaptive): (i) the addition of 16 novel K locus sequences to the K locus reference database following an extensive search of >17 000 KpSC genomes; and (ii) enhanced O locus typing to enable prediction of the clinically relevant O2 antigen (sub)types, for which the genetic determinants have been recently described. We applied Kaptive 2.0 to a curated dataset of >12 000 public KpSC genomes to explore for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the distribution of predicted O (sub)types across species, sampling niches and clones, which highlighted key differences in the distributions that warrant further investigation. As the uptake of genomic surveillance approaches continues to expand globally, the application of Kaptive 2.0 will generate novel insights essential for the design of effective KpSC control strategies.
Topics: Genomics; Humans; Klebsiella; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lipopolysaccharides
PubMed: 35311639
DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000800 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023Previous studies have not considered the potential association between locus of control and precompetitive anxiety in elite soccer players. Accordingly, this...
INTRODUCTION
Previous studies have not considered the potential association between locus of control and precompetitive anxiety in elite soccer players. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study examined The prediction of locus of control on precompetitive anxiety in highly trained cadet soccer players.
OBJECTIVE
Based on a literature review, our research question was: can the locus of control be considered as an explanatory element of precompetitive anxiety?
METHODS
Thirty-five Tunisian highly trained soccer players licensed from two regional soccer clubs aged between 15 and 16 years participated in the resent study. All participants were evaluated using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) and the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. The relationship between measures of anxiety, self-confidence and the locus of control scores were analyzed using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. Further, multiple linear stepwise multiple regression models were calculated to determine the most robust predictors of the locus of control.
RESULTS
Based on our findings, the regression analysis explains up to 21.3% of the total variation of our independent variable (locus of control) and explains only 21.3% of the variability of our dependent variable somatic anxiety. Furthermore, locus of control explains 61.9% of the variability in self-confidence.
CONCLUSION
The locus of control can be used for the detection and selection of young athletic talent to identify individuals with the best psychological aptitude to cope with psychological problems related to sports performance. Preparing highly trained soccer players on how to deal with their anxiety could prevent them from becoming overwhelmed when they feel powerless to change their situation during competition.
PubMed: 37599776
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1227571 -
Contemporary Oncology (Poznan, Poland) 2019The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are differences in the various dimensions of the health locus of control between oncological and non-oncological...
AIM OF THE STUDY
The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are differences in the various dimensions of the health locus of control between oncological and non-oncological patients and to determine whether there is a relationship between the level of health locus of control and the type, duration of disease and gender.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study was conducted at the Department of Hematology and the 1 Department of Cardiology of the University Hospital in Krakow. 204 patients were enrolled. Our own questionnaire developed for this purpose and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale were used. The US normalization group and the Polish standardization groups of the chronically ill patients were used for comparative analysis.
RESULTS
Analysis showed significant differences between women and men in the Internal control scale ( < 0.02). The respondents from both groups showed lower scores in the Internal locus of control and much higher scores in the dimension Powerful Others. In the group of oncological patients, a negative correlation was found between the Internal scale of health locus of control and the duration of the disease ( = 0.007). There was a significant difference between oncological and non-oncological patients in the Powerful Others scale ( < 0.004).
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that oncologically ill patients could be more convinced that others are responsible for their health when compared to non-oncological patients. The longer the disease persists in oncological patients, the weaker is their internal motivation to achieve good treatment results.
PubMed: 31316295
DOI: 10.5114/wo.2019.85638 -
BMC Psychiatry Oct 2021The COVID-19 pandemic as a global mental health crisis has affected everyone, including students. The present study aimed to determine and investigate the relationship...
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic as a global mental health crisis has affected everyone, including students. The present study aimed to determine and investigate the relationship between health locus of control and perceived stress in students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences (southern Iran) during the outbreak of COVID-19.
METHODS
The present cross-sectional study examined 250 students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. We performed simple random sampling and utilized the demographic information form, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale (MHLCS) by Wallston, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen to collect data. We analyzed data using the SPSS, Pearson correlation coefficient, and the hierarchical regression model with an error level of 5%.
RESULTS
The mean perceived stress was 30.74 ± 8.09, and 92.4% of the students had moderate and high stress levels. Among the components of the health locus of control, the internal health locus of control (IHLC) had the highest mean in students (27.55 ± 3.81). Furthermore, the internal health locus of control (R = - 0.30, P < 0.001) had a significant inverse relationship, with perceived stress and the chance health locus of control (CHLC) (R = 0.30, P < 0.001) had a significant direct relationship. In the final regression model, the health locus of control and all the variables predicted 22.7% of the perceived stress variation in students during the COVID-19 period.
CONCLUSION
The results indicated that the internal health locus of control was associated with a reduction of perceived stress, and the powerful others health locus of control (PHLC) was related to its increase in students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the uncertain future, in the present work, universities are suggested to design web-based educational interventions alongside the curriculum to further strengthen the internal health locus of control and thus help reduce their perceived stress.
Topics: COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Disease Outbreaks; Humans; Internal-External Control; Iran; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Stress, Psychological; Students; Universities
PubMed: 34702220
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03543-1 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2019The purpose of the study was to analyze athletes' motivation for sport participation as it related to their locus of control. Research was conducted at two Division I...
The purpose of the study was to analyze athletes' motivation for sport participation as it related to their locus of control. Research was conducted at two Division I universities in the southeastern United States. Participants were given the Sport Locus of Control and Perceived Stress among College Athletes surveys. There were 126 participants with a mean age of 19.69 ± 1.32 years. A Pearson correlation (r) was performed to determine a significant relationship between perceived stress and locus of control. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between the two variables (r = -0.393 and = 0.001) (a moderate relationship). As perceived stress scores increased, locus of control scores decreased. Correlations related to perceived stress were gender (r = 0.323, = 0.000), and grade point average (GPA) (r = -0.213, = 0.01). The only other independent variable that was significantly related to locus of control was being on an academic scholarship (r = -0.203, = 0.025). Athletes who have an external locus of control feel that they have little control over their circumstances. Findings of this study give coaches another factor to consider in retaining and getting the most from their athletes.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adult; Athletes; Female; Humans; Internal-External Control; Male; Motivation; Southeastern United States; Sports; Stress, Psychological; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 31398787
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162823 -
Brain Research Jun 2016Women are more likely than men to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. In addition to their sex bias, these disorders share stress as... (Review)
Review
Women are more likely than men to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. In addition to their sex bias, these disorders share stress as an etiological factor and hyperarousal as a symptom. Thus, sex differences in brain arousal systems and their regulation by stress could help explain increased vulnerability to these disorders in women. Here we review preclinical studies that have identified sex differences in the locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) arousal system. First, we detail how structural sex differences in the LC can bias females towards increased arousal in response to emotional events. Second, we highlight studies demonstrating that estrogen can increase NE in LC target regions by enhancing the capacity for NE synthesis, while reducing NE degradation, potentially increasing arousal in females. Third, we review data revealing how sex differences in the stress receptor, corticotropin releasing factor 1 (CRF1), can increase LC neuronal sensitivity to CRF in females compared to males. This effect could translate into hyperarousal in women under conditions of CRF hypersecretion that occur in PTSD and depression. The implications of these sex differences for the treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders are discussed. Moreover, the value of using information regarding biological sex differences to aid in the development of novel pharmacotherapies to better treat men and women with PTSD and depression is also highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Noradrenergic System.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Sex Characteristics; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 26607253
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.021 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Apr 2023Sudden deafness (SSHL) belongs to the category of diseases causing neurological hearing loss with a sudden and unknown etiology. The pathogenesis and mechanism of SSHL...
CONTEXT
Sudden deafness (SSHL) belongs to the category of diseases causing neurological hearing loss with a sudden and unknown etiology. The pathogenesis and mechanism of SSHL aren't clear at present. Gene polymorphisms may be associated with increased or reduced risk of hearing impairment.
OBJECTIVE
The study intended to investigate the association between susceptibility to SSHL and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the rs2228612 locus of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1) gene and at the rs5570459 locus of the gap junction protein Beta 2 (GJB2) gene, to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of the SSHL.
DESIGN
The research team performed a case-control study.
SETTING
The study took place at Tangshan Gongren Hospital in Tangshan, China.
PARTICIPANTS
Participants were 200 SSHL patients admitted to the hospital between January 2020 and June 2022, the study group, and 200 people with normal hearing, the control group.
OUTCOME MEASURES
The research team: (1) performed the Hardy-Weinberg Balance Test to determine the frequency distribution of the data for the rs2228612 locus of the DNMT1 gene and for the RS5570459 locus of the GJB2 gene for the groups, (2) analyzed the relationships between the genotypes and SSHL susceptibility, (3) determined the relationship between gene frequencies and gender and the SSHL susceptibility of males and females with different genotypes, (4) determined the relationship between gene frequencies and smoking and the SSHL susceptibility of smokers and nonsmokers with different genotypes, and (5) determined the relationship between gene frequencies and drinking alcohol and the SSHL susceptibility of drinkers and nondrinkers with different genotypes.
RESULTS
The numbers of participants in the study group with the CC genotype and the C allele at the rs2228612 locus of the DNMT1 gene were significantly lower than the numbers in the control group (P < .05). The CC and C alleles were significant protective factors against SSHL (P < .05).The numbers of participants in the study group with the GG genotype and the G allele at the rs5570459 locus of the GJB2 gene were significantly higher than the numbers in the control group (P < .05), and the GG genotype and the G allele significantly increased SSHL susceptibility (P < .05). The TC+CC genotype at the rs2228612 locus of the DNMT1 gene was a protective factor against SSHL in male and smoking participants (P < .05). The AG+GG genotype at the rs5570459 locus of the GJB2 gene increased the susceptibility of females, smokers, and drinkers to SSHL (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
The TC+CC genotypes at the rs2228612 locus of the DNMT1 gene were significant protective factors against SSHL. The SSHL susceptibility was higher in participants carrying the AG+GG genotype at the rs5570459 locus of the GJB2 gene. In addition, gender and drinking can affect SSHL susceptibility.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Case-Control Studies; China; DNA; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Deafness
PubMed: 36795524
DOI: No ID Found -
PloS One 2019The impact of individual differences on performance monitoring and psychopathology is a question of active debate. Personality traits associated with psychopathology may... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The impact of individual differences on performance monitoring and psychopathology is a question of active debate. Personality traits associated with psychopathology may be related to poor internal performance monitoring (as measured by the error-related negativity [ERN]) but intact external performance monitoring (as measured by the reward positivity [RewP]), suggesting that there are underlying neural differences between internal and external performance monitoring processes. We tested the relationships between individual difference measures of perfectionism, locus of control, and ERN, error-positivity (Pe), and RewP component difference amplitude in a healthy undergraduate sample. A total of 128 participants (69 female, M(SD)age = 20.6(2.0) years) completed two tasks: a modified version of the Eriksen Flanker and a doors gambling task along with the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism scale, the Rotter Locus of Control scale, and the Levenson Multidimensional Locus of Control scale to quantify perfectionism and locus of control traits, respectively. Linear regressions adjusting for age and gender showed that neither ΔERN nor ΔRewP amplitude were significantly moderated by perfectionism or locus of control scores. Findings suggest that, in psychiatrically-healthy individuals, there is not a strong link between perfectionism, locus of control, and ERN or RewP amplitude. Future research on individual difference measures in people with psychopathology may provide further insight into how these personality traits affect performance monitoring.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Individuality; Internal-External Control; Male; Perfectionism; Psychopathology
PubMed: 31671107
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219883 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Mar 2024Locus coeruleus is a small bilateral nucleus in the brainstem. It is the main source of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) throughout the central nervous system (about 70%... (Review)
Review
Locus coeruleus is a small bilateral nucleus in the brainstem. It is the main source of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) throughout the central nervous system (about 70% of all norepinephrine in the central nervous system), and, as shown in numerous studies, it is involved in regulating a significant number of functions. The detailed study of the functions of the Locus Coeruleus (LC) and its significance in human life became possible only after the development of histofluorescence methods for monoamines in the 1960s. The widespread locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) projection system regulates the entire central nervous system and modulates sensory processing, motor behavior, arousal, and cognitive processes. Damage to the LC and the associated decrease in norepinephrine levels are involved in a wide range of clinical conditions and pathological processes. Although much about the anatomy and physiology of the LC is currently known, its ultimate role in the regulation of behavior, control of the sleep-wake cycle, stress response, and the development of pathological conditions (such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia, depression, suicidal behavior, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Parkinson's disease) is not fully understood. Non-invasive visualization of the LC can be used for differential diagnosis, determining the stage of the disease, and predicting its course. Studying the dysfunction of the LC-norepinephrine system, involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases, may ultimately form the basis for the development of new treatment methods based on the pharmacological elevation of norepinephrine levels. In this review, we will attempt to highlight the key points regarding the structure and function of the Locus Coeruleus, as well as outline the main directions and prospects for its study.
Topics: Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Norepinephrine; Parkinson Disease; Alzheimer Disease
PubMed: 38538284
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2903118