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International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023The luminescent and photophysical properties of the etioporphyrin-I complex with indium(III) chloride, InCl-EtioP-I were experimentally studied at room and liquid...
The luminescent and photophysical properties of the etioporphyrin-I complex with indium(III) chloride, InCl-EtioP-I were experimentally studied at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures in pure and mixed toluene solutions. At 77 K, in a 1:2 mixture of toluene with diethyl ether, the quantum yield of phosphorescence reaches 10.2%, while the duration of phosphorescence is 17 ms. At these conditions, the ratio of phosphorescence-to-fluorescence integral intensities is equal to 26.1, which is the highest for complexes of this type. At 298 K, the quantum yield of the singlet oxygen generation is maximal in pure toluene (81%). Quantum-chemical calculations of absorption and fluorescence spectra at temperatures of 77 K and 298 K qualitatively coincide with the experimental data. The InCl-EtioP-I compound will further be used as a photoresponsive material in thin-film optoelectronic devices.
Topics: Luminescence; Etioporphyrins; Chlorides; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Toluene
PubMed: 37894849
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015168 -
BMC Biotechnology Mar 2022Type I interferons are widely used in research applications and as biotherapeutics. Current assays used to measure interferon concentrations, such as plaque reduction...
BACKGROUND
Type I interferons are widely used in research applications and as biotherapeutics. Current assays used to measure interferon concentrations, such as plaque reduction assays and ELISA, are expensive, technically challenging, and may take days to provide results. We sought to develop a robust and rapid assay to determine interferon concentrations produced from transiently transfected cell cultures.
METHOD
Indirect quantification of recombinant interferon was evaluated using a novel bi-cistronic construct encoding the Foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A translational interrupter sequence to yield equimolar expression of Gaussia princeps luciferase and porcine interferon α. Direct quantification was evaluated by expression of a novel fusion protein comprised of Gaussia princeps luciferase and porcine type I interferon. Plasmids encoding constructs are transiently transfected into cell cultures and supernatant harvested for testing of luminescence, ELISA determined concentration, and anti-viral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus.
RESULTS
Bi-cistronic constructs, utilized for indirect quantification, demonstrate both luciferase activity and anti-viral activity. Fusion proteins, utilized for direct quantification, retained secretion and luminescence however only the interferon α fusion protein had antiviral activity comparable to wildtype porcine interferon α. A strong linear correlation was observed between dilution and luminescence for all compounds over a dynamic range of concentrations.
CONCLUSION
The correlation of antiviral and luciferase activities demonstrated the utility of this approach, both direct and indirect, to rapidly determine recombinant interferon concentrations. Concentration can be determined over a more dynamic concentration range than available ELISA based assays using this methodology.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Interferon Type I; Interferon-alpha; Luciferases; Luminescence; Swine
PubMed: 35351081
DOI: 10.1186/s12896-022-00743-9 -
Biosensors Jun 2022Luminescent carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have attracted great interest from the scientific community due to their photoluminescent properties, structural features, low... (Review)
Review
Luminescent carbon nanostructures (CNSs) have attracted great interest from the scientific community due to their photoluminescent properties, structural features, low toxicity, and a great variety of possible applications. Unfortunately, a few problems hinder their further development. These include the difficulties of separating a mixture of nanostructures after synthesis and the dependence of their properties on the environment and the aggregate state. The application of a silica matrix to obtain luminescent composite particles minimizes these problems and improves optical properties, reduces photoluminescence quenching, and leads to wider applications. We describe two methods for the formation of silica composites containing CNSs: inclusion of CNSs into silica particles and their grafting onto the silica surface. Moreover, we present approaches to the synthesis of multifunctional particles. They combine the unique properties of silica and fluorescent CNSs, as well as magnetic, photosensitizing, and luminescent properties via the combination of functional nanoparticles such as iron oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs), and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Lastly, we discuss the advantages and challenges of these structures and their applications. The novelty of this review involves the detailed description of the approaches for the silica application as a matrix for the CNSs. This will support researchers in solving fundamental and applied problems of this type of carbon-based nanoobjects.
Topics: Carbon; Gold; Luminescence; Nanoparticles; Quantum Dots; Silicon Dioxide
PubMed: 35735539
DOI: 10.3390/bios12060392 -
Nature Communications Aug 2023Precise and efficient image-guided immunotherapy holds great promise for cancer treatment. Here, we report a self-accelerated nanoplatform combining an...
Precise and efficient image-guided immunotherapy holds great promise for cancer treatment. Here, we report a self-accelerated nanoplatform combining an aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) and a hypoxia-responsive prodrug for multifunctional image-guided combination immunotherapy. The near-infrared AIEgen with methoxy substitution simultaneously possesses boosted fluorescence and photoacoustic (PA) brightness for the strong light absorption ability, as well as amplified type I and type II photodynamic therapy (PDT) properties via enhanced intersystem crossing process. By formulating the high-performance AIEgen with a hypoxia-responsive paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug into nanoparticles, and further camouflaging with macrophage cell membrane, a tumor-targeting theranostic agent is built. The integration of fluorescence and PA imaging helps to delineate tumor site sensitively, providing accurate guidance for tumor treatment. The light-induced PDT effect could consume the local oxygen and lead to severer hypoxia, accelerating the release of PTX drug. As a result, the combination of PDT and PTX chemotherapy induces immunogenic cancer cell death, which could not only elicit strong antitumor immunity to suppress the primary tumor, but also inhibit the growth of distant tumor in 4T1 tumor-bearing female mice. Here, we report a strategy to develop theranostic agents via rational molecular design for boosting antitumor immunotherapy.
Topics: Female; Animals; Mice; Prodrugs; Immunotherapy; Cell Membrane; Fluorescence; Hypoxia; Paclitaxel; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37626073
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40996-2 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022The set-up of highly sensitive detection tools to evaluate lipase activity remains a central goal in different fields. In this context, we proposed new chemiluminescent...
The set-up of highly sensitive detection tools to evaluate lipase activity remains a central goal in different fields. In this context, we proposed new chemiluminescent 1,2-dioxetane luminophores, sharing an octanoyl triggerable group, to monitor lipase activity. We herein report the synthesis and both the evaluation of their luminescence emission profile and their enzyme-substrate specificity, generated by three different commercial lipases (, , and ) and one esterase (porcine liver esterase, PLE, as a literature control). Remarkably, the present study confirmed the applicability of these 1,2-dioxetane luminophores as (i) highly efficient, broad-range, chemiluminescent probes for the detection and the enzymatic activity evaluation of lipases and as (ii) promising candidates for the future development of both flash- and glow-type luminescence assays.
Topics: Animals; Candida; Lipase; Luminescence; Luminescent Measurements; Substrate Specificity; Swine
PubMed: 36012304
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169039 -
Applied Optics Aug 2021Imaging probes are an important consideration for any type of contrast agent-based imaging method. X-ray luminescence imaging (XLI) and x-ray luminescence computed...
Imaging probes are an important consideration for any type of contrast agent-based imaging method. X-ray luminescence imaging (XLI) and x-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) are both contrast agent-based imaging methods that employ x-ray excitable scintillating imaging probes that emit light to be measured for optical imaging. In this work, we compared the performance of several select imaging probes, both commercial and self-synthesized, for application in XLI/XLCT imaging. Commercially available cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) and europium-doped gadolinium oxysulfide (GOS:Eu) microphosphor as well as synthesized nanophosphors doped with either europium or terbium were compared through their x-ray luminescence emission spectra, luminescence intensity, and also by performing XLCT scans using phantoms embedded with each of the imaging probes. Each imaging probe displayed a unique emission spectrum that was ideal for deep-tissue optical imaging. In terms of luminescence intensity, due to the large particle size, GOS:Eu had the brightest emission, followed by :, :, and finally the CdTe QDs. Lastly, XLCT scans showed that each imaging probe could be reconstructed with good shape and location accuracy.
Topics: Cadmium Compounds; Contrast Media; Erbium; Europium; Fluorides; Gadolinium; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Luminescence; Optical Imaging; Phantoms, Imaging; Quantum Dots; Tellurium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34613157
DOI: 10.1364/AO.431080 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022Janus-type triskelion-shaped fluorophores comprising coumarins bearing various electron-donating substituents (, , , and ) were successfully synthesized via an...
Janus-type triskelion-shaped fluorophores comprising coumarins bearing various electron-donating substituents (, , , and ) were successfully synthesized via an intramolecular Ullmann coupling. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that all the compounds presented two different molecular surfaces, similar to Janus-type molecules. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of asymmetrical derivatives , , , and exhibited a bathochromic shift due to their narrow highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) -lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap. Natural transition orbital (NTO) analysis indicated that the excited state orbital overlaps differ among the symmetrical and asymmetrical dyes. These triskelion-shaped fluorophores were found to form molecular nanoaggregates in THF/HO mixtures and demonstrated aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhancement characteristics as a result of restricting their molecular inversion. These results indicate that Janus-type AIE fluorophores are potentially applicable as solid-state fluorescent chiral materials, which can be optimized by controlling their molecular rearrangement in the solid state.
Topics: Fluorescent Dyes; Fluorescence; Coumarins; Electrons; Ionophores
PubMed: 36364275
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217450 -
Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the... Mar 2018Diphenhydramine (DP), an antihistaminic agent, may become colored and daker or more fluorescent during storage. Herein, we spectroscopically examined the causes of...
Diphenhydramine (DP), an antihistaminic agent, may become colored and daker or more fluorescent during storage. Herein, we spectroscopically examined the causes of this phenomenon under various DP storage conditions and durations. The infrared vibration-rotation spectrum shows multiple Gauche (G)-type conformers with different intramolecular n→π interaction strengths. The splitting pattern of the dimethylamino group protons in the H-NMR spectrum indicates that DP is mainly in the G-type with a small portion in the Trans (T)-type. The correlation between the red-shifted peak intensity in the UV•VIS absorbance spectrum and the coloring progression indicates a decreased intramolecular n→π interaction of the G-type under elevated temperature during storage. Enhanced fluorescence detected in the Excitation•Fluorescence spectrum demonstrates G-type (quenching) to T-type (fluorescent) conformation conversion, which is due to activated internal rotation of the dimethylamino group under elevated storage temperature and electronic excitation in the phenyl groups under light irradiation during storage. A signal detected in the ESR spectrum corresponds to the G-type charge transfer (CT) structure wherein part of the nonbonding electron pair on the N atom is intramolecularly redistributed to the phenyl groups. The CT structure presents the G-type quenching characteristics, whereas weak CT bonding corresponds to coloring. The results indicate that the quenching G-type is converted to T-type by heat or light to become color faded and bright with enhanced fluorescence and that T-type is reverted to G-type after storage under cool and dark conditions or by vacuum distillation to lose fluorescence.
Topics: Color; Diphenhydramine; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Fluorescence; Histamine Antagonists; Isomerism; Light; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Conformation; Rotation; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrum Analysis; Temperature; Vibration
PubMed: 29279438
DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00175 -
MBio Mar 2021The lifelong relationship between the Hawaiian bobtail squid and its microbial symbiont represents a simplified model system for studying microbiome establishment and...
The lifelong relationship between the Hawaiian bobtail squid and its microbial symbiont represents a simplified model system for studying microbiome establishment and maintenance. The bacteria colonize a dedicated symbiotic light organ in the squid, from which bacterial luminescence camouflages the host in a process termed counterillumination. The squid host hatches without its symbionts, which must be acquired from the ocean amidst a diversity of nonbeneficial bacteria, such that precise molecular communication is required for initiation of the specific relationship. Therefore it is likely there are specialized metabolites used in the light organ microenvironment to modulate these processes. To identify small molecules that may influence the establishment of this symbiosis, we used imaging mass spectrometry to analyze metabolite production in with altered biofilm production, which correlates directly to colonization capability in its host. "Biofilm-up" and "biofilm-down" mutants were compared to a wild-type strain, and ions that were more abundantly produced by the biofilm-up mutant were detected. Using a combination of structural elucidation and synthetic chemistry, one such signal was determined to be a diketopiperazine, cyclo(d-histidyl-l-proline). This diketopiperazine modulated luminescence in and, using imaging mass spectrometry, was directly detected in the light organ of the colonized host. This work highlights the continued need for untargeted discovery efforts in host-microbe interactions and showcases the benefits of the squid- system for identification and characterization of small molecules that modulate microbiome behaviors. The complexity of animal microbiomes presents challenges to defining signaling molecules within the microbial consortium and between the microbes and the host. By focusing on the binary symbiosis between and , we have combined genetic analysis with direct imaging to define and study small molecules in the intact symbiosis. We have detected and characterized a diketopiperazine produced by strong biofilm-forming strains that was detectable in the host symbiotic organ, and which influences bacterial luminescence. Biofilm formation and luminescence are critical for initiation and maintenance of the association, respectively, suggesting that the compound may link early and later development stages, providing further evidence that multiple small molecules are important in establishing these beneficial relationships.
Topics: Aliivibrio fischeri; Animals; Biofilms; Decapodiformes; Diketopiperazines; Host Microbial Interactions; Luminescence; Mass Spectrometry; Microbial Consortia; Signal Transduction; Symbiosis
PubMed: 33688014
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.03637-20 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023A new silver(I) cluster [AgL(Py)(Pype)]·4Py·11HO () with 3-benzyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-thiol (L) was synthesized via the direct reaction of AgNO and L in MeOH,...
A new silver(I) cluster [AgL(Py)(Pype)]·4Py·11HO () with 3-benzyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-thiol (L) was synthesized via the direct reaction of AgNO and L in MeOH, followed by recrystallization from a pyridine-piperidine mixture. The compound was isolated in a monocrystal form and its crystal structure was determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex forms a "butterfly" cluster with triazol-5-thioles. The purity of the silver complex and its stability in the solution was confirmed via NMR analysis. Excitation and emission of the free ligand and its silver complex were studied at room temperature for solid samples. The in vitro biological activity of the free ligand and its complex was studied in relation to the non-pathogenic strain. Complexation of the free ligand with silver increases the biological activity of the former by almost twenty times. For the newly obtained silver cluster, a bactericidal effect was established.
Topics: Silver; Ligands; Luminescence; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Sulfhydryl Compounds
PubMed: 38202688
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010105