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Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Nov 2018Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare entity characterized by subacute necrotizing lymphadenopathy and frequently associated with fever. Young adults of Asian... (Review)
Review
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare entity characterized by subacute necrotizing lymphadenopathy and frequently associated with fever. Young adults of Asian ancestry are most commonly affected, but it has been reported worldwide. Despite many studies in the literature, the cause of KFD remains uncertain. Histologically, KFD is characterized by paracortical lymph node expansion with patchy, well-circumscribed areas of necrosis showing abundant karyorrhectic nuclear debris and absence of neutrophils and eosinophils. Three evolving histologic patterns-proliferative, necrotizing, and xanthomatous-have been recognized. By immunohistochemistry, histiocytes in KFD are positive for myeloperoxidase. There is a marked predominance of T cells in the lesions (with mostly CD8-positive cells) with very few B cells. The differential diagnosis of KFD includes infectious lymphadenitis, autoimmune lymphadenopathy (primarily systemic lupus erythematosus), and lymphoma. Clinicians and pathologists are poorly familiar with this entity, which frequently causes significant diagnostic challenges.
Topics: Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis; Humans
PubMed: 30407860
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0219-RA -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Mar 2018This consensus statement update reflects our current published knowledge and opinion about clinical signs, pathogenesis, epidemiology, treatment, complications, and...
This consensus statement update reflects our current published knowledge and opinion about clinical signs, pathogenesis, epidemiology, treatment, complications, and control of strangles. This updated statement emphasizes varying presentations in the context of existing underlying immunity and carrier states of strangles in the transmission of disease. The statement redefines the "gold standard" for detection of possible infection and reviews the new technologies available in polymerase chain reaction diagnosis and serology and their use in outbreak control and prevention. We reiterate the importance of judicious use of antibiotics in horses with strangles. This updated consensus statement reviews current vaccine technology and the importance of linking vaccination with currently advocated disease control and prevention programs to facilitate the eradication of endemic infections while safely maintaining herd immunity. Differentiation between immune responses to primary and repeated exposure of subclinically infected animals and responses induced by vaccination is also addressed.
Topics: Animals; Consensus; Disease Outbreaks; Horse Diseases; Horses; Lymphadenitis; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus equi; Vaccination
PubMed: 29424487
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15043 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences May 2021Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are among the major health problems in Ethiopia. This study assessed the proportion of tuberculosis lymphadenitis...
BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are among the major health problems in Ethiopia. This study assessed the proportion of tuberculosis lymphadenitis (TBLN), HIV infection and their co-infection among TBLN presumptive individuals at the selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
Institution based cross sectional study was carried out. Data on demographic and clinical variables were collected with standardized questionnaire. Microbiological culture was done on specimen obtained by fine needle aspirates. The HIV status was determined by rapid anti-HIV antibody test. Data was entered and scrutinized using SPSS version 20 statistical packages. A stepwise logistic regression model was used. The result was considered as statistically significant at P<0. 05.
RESULTS
A total of 381 lymphadenitis patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of TBLN and HIV were at 250(65.6%) and 9(2.4%), respectively and their co-infection was at 6(2.4%). Based on the cytological examination, 301(79.0%) of them were diagnosed as TBLN. The age group, (P=0.01) and residency, (P=0.01) were found significantly associated with TBLN. Similarly, unsafe sex was also statistically significant for HIV infection (P=0.007).
CONCLUSION
Tuberculosis lymphadenitis is the leading cause of TB and lymphadenitis in the region. However, TBLN-HIV coinfection was promisingly low. High rate of discrepancy was noticed between cytological and culture results. Hence, the TBLN diagnostic criteria shall pursue revision.
Topics: Coinfection; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethiopia; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Lymphadenitis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node
PubMed: 34483623
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i3.23 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Feb 2010Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a self-limited condition, characterized by benign lymphadenopathy with associated fevers and... (Review)
Review
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a self-limited condition, characterized by benign lymphadenopathy with associated fevers and systemic symptoms. It most commonly affects adults younger than 40 years of age and of Asian descent. Involved lymph nodes demonstrate paracortical areas of apoptotic necrosis with abundant karyorrhectic debris and a proliferation of histiocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and CD8(+) T cells in the absence of neutrophils. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is thought to have 3 evolving phases: proliferative, necrotizing, and xanthomatous. The etiology is unknown, although viruses and autoimmune mechanisms have been proposed. No specific laboratory tests contribute to the diagnosis. Diagnosis requires histopathologic examination and exclusion of other factors by ancillary studies. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and systemic lupus erythematosus should be ruled out before diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, given the overlapped clinical and histologic features as well as the different therapeutic approaches. Treatment involves supportive measures, and the symptoms usually resolve spontaneously within 4 months.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis; Humans
PubMed: 20121621
DOI: 10.5858/134.2.289 -
Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtisas Dergisi : KBB... 2010In this study, we evaluate tuberculosis (Tbc) lymphadenitis diagnosed patients age, gender, contact history, history of smoking, socioeconomic status, lymphadenitis...
OBJECTIVES
In this study, we evaluate tuberculosis (Tbc) lymphadenitis diagnosed patients age, gender, contact history, history of smoking, socioeconomic status, lymphadenitis localization, imaging techniques, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and excisional biopsy results.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between February 2006 and February 2008 104 patients were operated to determine the etiology of their neck masses. Twenty-six patients (16 females, 10 males; mean age 36.9 years; range 16 to 52 years) who were diagnosed as Tbc lymphadenitis according to pathology results were included in the study. Ear, nose and throat examinations were performed in all patients routinely. Hemogram, biochemical and serological tests were performed. The patients were evaluated with anterior-posterior chest radiographs and purified protein derivative (PPD) by chest diseases consultation imaging methods and FNAB was performed. All patients diagnosed with excisional biopsy of neck mass. During the operation, tissue culture and Ziehl-Neelsen method for staining was prepared.
RESULTS
Out of 26 patients eight had a history of contact with Tbc. One person had previously lung Tbc. Six patients had previously received treatment because of Tbc lymphadenitis, but didn't complete the treatment. Neck ultrasonography and neck computed tomography detected a solid mass in 16 patients and cystic mass in 10 patients. The 24 patients were evaluated as positive PPD (>10 mm). None of the patients had an association between active pulmonary Tbc and Tbc lymphadenitis.
CONCLUSION
Suspicion is the most important step in the diagnosis of Tbc lymphadenitis. In patients with low socioeconomic status, previous Tbc contact, tabacco usage, suppressed immune system, and particularly in those with drainage from neck masses, Tbc lymphadenitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenitis; Male; Middle Aged; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node
PubMed: 20626326
DOI: No ID Found -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Mar 2021Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is an infectious chronic disease responsible for economic losses in sheep and goat breeding worldwide. CLA has no effective treatment,... (Review)
Review
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is an infectious chronic disease responsible for economic losses in sheep and goat breeding worldwide. CLA has no effective treatment, evidencing the vaccination schedule as the best control strategy. Although some commercial vaccines have been available, none of them provides total protection, which is sometimes insufficient and does not reach the same efficiency when compared in sheep and goats. They also have questionable safety levels and side effects. In light of this, several experimental vaccines are in development in order to improve safety, reproducibility, and protective immune response against the etiologic agent of CLA, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. In this review, we discussed aspects as antigen, adjuvant, routes of administration, protection level, and animal models used in CLA vaccine development, as well the challenges and future perspectives. KEY POINTS: Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) does not have an appropriate commercial vaccine. Different experimental vaccines are in development aiming to protect against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. An ideal vaccine for CLA is necessary for the disease control.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Vaccines; Corynebacterium Infections; Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis; Goats; Lymphadenitis; Reproducibility of Results; Sheep; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 33651132
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11191-4 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2013The study aims to analyze the demographic data of a large case series operated on because of submandibular triangle mass for more than 10 years and presents a review of...
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to analyze the demographic data of a large case series operated on because of submandibular triangle mass for more than 10 years and presents a review of the literature.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The charts of patients who underwent surgical intervention for submandibular triangle mass between January 2000 and November 2010 were reviewed. The medical history, age, sex, duration of symptoms, clinical presentation, preoperative investigations, and histopathologic diagnosis were reviewed.
RESULTS
The study included 66 subjects; 12 patients (18.2%) with submandibular sialolithiasis, 18 patients (27.2%) with sialadenitis, 10 patients with lymphadenitis (15.1%), and 26 patients (39.3%) with tumors. Of the tumors, 23% was malignant and 77% was benign. Benign tumors of submandibular gland comprised 22.7% and malign tumors of submandibular gland comprised 3% of all submandibular mass. The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma. The most frequent histopathologic diagnoses of submandibular masses originated from the submandibular gland, and these comprised 71.2% of all submandibular mass pathologies. The main symptom was a painless mass. Ultrasonography was the most common preoperative diagnostic procedure. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed in 26 patients. A clear diagnosis could not be provided in 3 (12%) patients.
CONCLUSION
Infectious conditions and benign tumors are more frequent than malign tumors in the submandibular region. The histopathologic diagnoses mainly consisted of submandibular sialadenitis, sialolithiasis, pleomorphic adenoma, and lymphadenitis. Ultrasonography is the first option of radiologic evaluation. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a very useful and usually sufficient diagnostic procedure for histopathologic diagnosis. Excisional biopsy can be performed when the fine-needle aspiration biopsy failed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Imaging; Female; Humans; Lymphadenitis; Male; Middle Aged; Sialadenitis; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 24036836
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182a238f9 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Mar 2021
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Lymphadenitis; Sebaceous Gland Diseases
PubMed: 33692587
DOI: No ID Found -
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases May 2006Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign and self-limited disorder, characterized by regional cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, usually accompanied with mild... (Review)
Review
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign and self-limited disorder, characterized by regional cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, usually accompanied with mild fever and night sweats. Less frequent symptoms include weight loss, nausea, vomiting, sore throat. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is an extremely rare disease known to have a worldwide distribution with higher prevalence among Japanese and other Asiatic individuals. The clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features appear to point to a viral etiology, a hypothesis that still has not been proven. KFD is generally diagnosed on the basis of an excisional biopsy of affected lymph nodes. Its recognition is crucial especially because this disease can be mistaken for systemic lupus erythematosus, malignant lymphoma or even, though rarely, for adenocarcinoma. Clinicians' and pathologists' awareness of this disorder may help prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. The diagnosis of KFD merits active consideration in any nodal biopsy showing fragmentation, necrosis and karyorrhexis, especially in young individuals presenting with posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Treatment is symptomatic (analgesics-antipyretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and, rarely, corticosteroids). Spontaneous recovery occurs in 1 to 4 months. Patients with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease should be followed-up for several years to survey the possibility of the development of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Fever; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lymphatic Diseases; Nausea; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 16722618
DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-18 -
Blood Feb 2017
Topics: Dendritic Cells; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Male; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Young Adult
PubMed: 28209753
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-08-736413