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Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Aug 2023Lyme disease after a tick bite often presents as erythema migrans, yet less frequent variants of this disease, such as Borrelia lymphocytoma, multiple erythema migrans...
BACKGROUND
Lyme disease after a tick bite often presents as erythema migrans, yet less frequent variants of this disease, such as Borrelia lymphocytoma, multiple erythema migrans and neuroborreliosis, are also seen occasionally.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of a tick-bitten child who first presented with an indistinct macular erythema around the left eye and a more distinct macular erythema on and around the left ear. The next day, she developed a facial palsy.
INTERPRETATION
The case was interpreted as facial multiple erythema migrans and Borrelia lymphocytoma on the ear, followed by neuroborreliosis. The diagnosis of lymphocytoma was made from clinical findings and PCR of skin biopsy. She recovered quickly after intravenous ceftriaxone and is now healthy.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Ear Diseases; Erythema Chronicum Migrans; Facial Dermatoses; Facial Paralysis; Lyme Neuroborreliosis; Pseudolymphoma; Tick Bites; Lyme Disease; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 37589351
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.23.0159 -
Dermatology Online Journal May 2020Pseudolymphomatous folliculitis is a benign entity that is included within pseudolymphomas. Because of its rapid clinical growth and suspicious histology it has to be...
Pseudolymphomatous folliculitis is a benign entity that is included within pseudolymphomas. Because of its rapid clinical growth and suspicious histology it has to be differentiated from malignant entities. Given its low frequency, the dermatoscopic characteristics of this entity are not well-characterized and have been described only once previously. We present a middle-aged woman with a facial erythematous plaque of 6 months' evolution, with dermatoscopy in which follicular plugs on an erythematous base were appreciated. The histology showed a dense lymphocytic infiltrate with folliculotropism and follicular alteration, with numerous peripheral histiocytes positive for S100 and CD1a. The lesion partially disappeared after the biopsy, and completely after topical treatment.
Topics: Adult; Dermoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Folliculitis; Humans; Middle Aged; Pseudolymphoma; Skin; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 32621704
DOI: No ID Found -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Oct 2016The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to benign reactive lymphoid proliferations in the skin that simulate cutaneous lymphomas. It is a purely descriptive term that... (Review)
Review
The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to benign reactive lymphoid proliferations in the skin that simulate cutaneous lymphomas. It is a purely descriptive term that encompasses various reactive conditions with a varied etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, histology, and behavior. We present a review of the different types of cutaneous pseudolymphoma. To reach a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to contrast clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings. Even with these data, in some cases only the clinical course will confirm the diagnosis, making follow-up essential.
Topics: Angiokeratoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Eruptions; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Insect Bites and Stings; Lyme Disease; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Pseudolymphoma; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Syphilis; Tattooing; Vaccination
PubMed: 27289134
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.05.003 -
Pharmaceutics Dec 2022Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality frequently used in dermatology to treat superficial skin cancers but also some inflammatory or... (Review)
Review
Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality frequently used in dermatology to treat superficial skin cancers but also some inflammatory or infectious dermatoses. PDT appears a more and more promising therapeutic option also for cutaneous lymphomas, either of T- or B-cell origin. It is a well-tolerated treatment and has excellent cosmetic outcomes, less side effects compared to other therapies (steroids, surgery, radiotherapy, and so on), no particular contraindications, and is easily repeatable in case of relapses. However, how PDT works in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoproliferative diseases is poorly understood and the literature data are still controversial. Further randomized, controlled clinical trials involving a greater number of patients and centers with a long follow-up are necessary to assess the efficacy of PDT and establish a unique standardized treatment protocol in relation to the lymphomatous disease and the type, thickness, and location of the lesions.
PubMed: 36678676
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010047 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Mar 2018Cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPL) is a reactive polyclonal T- or B-cell lymphoproliferative process. CPL may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions. While most... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPL) is a reactive polyclonal T- or B-cell lymphoproliferative process. CPL may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions. While most cases of CPL are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermatitis, arthropod reactions, and bacterial infections. CPL can be classified based on its clinical features, but all variants have similar histopathological patterns of either predominantly B-cell infiltrates, T-cell infiltrates, or mixed T/B-cell infiltrates. The prognosis of CPL is good, but the underlying disease process should be taken into account. If an antigenic stimulus is identified, it should be removed. In patients with idiopathic CPL, a close follow-up control strategy should be adopted. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize all reported treatments for CPL. The review was based on articles from the PubMed database, using the query "skin pseudolymphoma treatment", English and German, about "human" subjects, and published between 1990 and 2015 documenting adequate treatment and/or aetiology. Mainly individual case reports and small case series were found. Treatment options include topical and intralesional agents, systemic agents, and physical modalities. The final part of the review proposes a treatment algorithm for CPL according to each aetiology, based on the literature of the last 25 years. Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials and studies on long-term outcomes, which were not identified in the current review.
Topics: B-Lymphocytes; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Pseudolymphoma; Risk Factors; Skin; Skin Diseases; T-Lymphocytes; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29136262
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2841 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology Jul 2014
PubMed: 25071293
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.135562 -
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 2021Lymphocytoma cutis reflects an exaggerated local immunologic reaction to a stimulus presenting on the head, neck, or upper extremities as a firm 1-3 cm erythematous...
Lymphocytoma cutis reflects an exaggerated local immunologic reaction to a stimulus presenting on the head, neck, or upper extremities as a firm 1-3 cm erythematous and/or violaceous plaque or nodule. However, lymphocytoma cutis may be difficult to treat due to the variety of causative agents and the lack of reported successful treatments and outcomes. Here, we present a case of 68-year-old female with recalcitrant lymphocytoma cutis resistant to other first-line therapies including tacrolimus ointment and steroids. The red plaque on the patient's left cheek was eventually treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Mycophenolate mofetil was an accessible and effective therapeutic option to treat lymphocytoma cutis with minimal side effects.
PubMed: 34178351
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X211025104 -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021The term "pseudomalignancy" covers a large, heterogenous group of diseases characterized by a benign cellular proliferation, hyperplasia, or infiltrate that resembles a... (Review)
Review
The term "pseudomalignancy" covers a large, heterogenous group of diseases characterized by a benign cellular proliferation, hyperplasia, or infiltrate that resembles a true malignancy clinically or histologically. Here, we (i) provide a non-exhaustive review of several inflammatory skin diseases and benign skin proliferations that can mimic a malignant neoplasm in children, (ii) give pathologists some helpful clues to guide their diagnosis, and (iii) highlight pitfalls to be avoided. The observation of clinical-pathological correlations is often important in this situation and can sometimes be the only means (along with careful monitoring of the disease's clinical course) of reaching a firm diagnosis.
PubMed: 34449607
DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8030042 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jan 2022Cutaneous pseudolymphomas are reactive lymphoproliferations. The most frequent type is nodular pseudolymphoma, and to date, their ultrasonographic appearance has not...
Cutaneous pseudolymphomas are reactive lymphoproliferations. The most frequent type is nodular pseudolymphoma, and to date, their ultrasonographic appearance has not been reported. We reviewed the ultrasound images of histologically confirmed nodular types of pseudolymphomas studied with 18 and 71 MHz linear probes. All lesions were predominantly hypoechoic and presented prominent vascularity. Seventy percent of cases involved dermis and hypodermis, and 30% were only dermal. Seventy percent of cases showed internal hypoechoic globules, and 100% presented a teardrop sign, more clearly detected at 71 MHz. Ultrasound can support the diagnosis, assessment of the extent, and degree of vascularity of cutaneous nodular pseudolymphomas.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pseudolymphoma; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34455640
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13099