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Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2003The medical records of 24 dogs with histologically confirmed mast cell tumors (MCT) of the muzzle were retrospectively evaluated to determine their biologic behavior and...
The medical records of 24 dogs with histologically confirmed mast cell tumors (MCT) of the muzzle were retrospectively evaluated to determine their biologic behavior and prognostic factors. Information on signalment, tumor grade and stage, treatment methods, and pattern of and time to failure and death was obtained from the medical record. Twenty-three dogs were treated with combinations of radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy; 1 dog received no treatment. There were 2 Grade 1, 15 Grade 11, and 7 Grade III tumors. Tumors were stage 0 (n = 8), stage 1 (5), stage 2 (6), stage 3 (4), and stage 4 (1). Mean and median survival times of treated dogs were 36 and 30 months, respectively. Prognostic factors affecting survival time included tumor grade and presence of metastasis at diagnosis. Dogs with Grade I and II tumors survived longer than dogs with Grade III tumors. Variables, including sex, age, gross versus microscopic disease, and treatment type were not found to affect survival. Local control rate was 75% at 1 year and 50% at 3 years. Tumor grade was the only variable found to affect local control. Dogs with Grade I tumors had longer disease-free intervals than those with Grade II tumors, and dogs with Grade II tumors had longer disease-free intervals than dogs with Grade III tumors. Eight of 9 dogs dying of MCT had local or regional disease progression. Muzzle MCT a rebiologically aggressive tumors with higher regional metastatic rates than previously reported for MCT in other sites.
Topics: Animals; California; Disease-Free Survival; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Nose; Prognosis; Records; Retrospective Studies; Skin Neoplasms; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 14529136
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02501.x -
Veterinary Sciences Sep 2022Background: Gastrointestinal masses in cats are of clinical relevance, but pathological studies with larger case numbers are lacking. Biomarkers such as miRNA have not...
Background: Gastrointestinal masses in cats are of clinical relevance, but pathological studies with larger case numbers are lacking. Biomarkers such as miRNA have not yet been investigated in feline intestinal neoplasms. Methods: A retrospective analysis of pathology reports included 860 feline gastrointestinal masses. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 91 lymphomas, 10 sarcomas and 7 mast cell tumours (MCT). Analyses of miRNA-20b and miRNA-192 were performed on 11 lymphomas, 5 carcinomas and 5 control tissues by ddPCR. Results: The pathological diagnosis identified 679 lymphomas, 122 carcinomas, 28 sarcomas, 23 polyps, 7 MCT and 1 leiomyoma. Carcinomas and polyps were most commonly found in the large intestine, lymphomas were most commonly found in the stomach and small intestine and MCT only occurred in the small intestine. Besides the well-described small-cell, mitotic count <2 T-cell lymphomas and the large-cell B-cell lymphomas with a high mitotic count, several variants of lymphomas were identified. The values of miRNA-20b were found to be up-regulated in samples of all types of cancer, whereas miRNA-192 was only up-regulated in carcinomas and B-cell lymphomas. Conclusions: The histopathological and immunohistochemical (sub-)classification of feline intestinal masses confirmed the occurrence of different tumour types, with lymphoma being the most frequent neoplasm. Novel biomarkers such as miRNA-20b and miRNA-192 might have diagnostic potential in feline intestinal neoplasms and should be further investigated.
PubMed: 36136693
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090477 -
Scientific Reports May 2017Circulating microRNAs in the blood may provide diagnostic and prognostic information about canine neoplastic diseases, and their profiles may be conserved between human...
Circulating microRNAs in the blood may provide diagnostic and prognostic information about canine neoplastic diseases, and their profiles may be conserved between human and canine species. We performed RT-qPCR to obtain the profiles of circulating plasma microRNA-214 and -126 in total 181 cases of canine neoplastic diseases and healthy controls. MicroRNA-214 levels were high in 2 epithelial tumours (thyroid and mammary carcinomas) and 4 non-epithelial tumours (osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and hemangiosarcoma). In contrast, microRNA-126 levels were high in 6 epithelial tumours (mammary, hepatocellular, squamous cell, thyroid, transitional cell carcinomas, and adenocarcinoma) and 4 non-epithelial tumours (osteosarcoma, mast cell tumour, melanoma, and hemangiosarcoma). The diagnostic potential of microRNA-214 was relatively high in sarcomas, whereas that of microR-126 was high in most types of the tumours. MicroRNA-214 and -126 were prognostic predictors in 2 groups (adenocarcinoma and non-epithelial tumours except for osteosarcoma) and 3 groups (epithelial tumours, adenocarcinoma, and melanoma), respectively. Additionally, the microRNA levels did not show a strong correlation with the other clinical parameters. In conclusion, circulating microRNA-214 and -126 have the potential to be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for canine neoplastic diseases. Furthermore, their profiles may be key references as well for exploring novel biomarkers for human cancers.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Circulating MicroRNA; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 28536479
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02607-1 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Mar 2006
Review
Topics: Animals; Disease-Free Survival; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Neoplasm Staging; Skin Neoplasms; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 16604985
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Nov 2021We present a case of an adult male with a solitary mast cell tumor of the skin with unusual nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic activity. The tumor was excised, recurred...
We present a case of an adult male with a solitary mast cell tumor of the skin with unusual nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic activity. The tumor was excised, recurred within 2 years, was reexcised after 4 years and did not recur >6 years after diagnosis. The tumor showed progressive cytonuclear atypia and a high mitotic and proliferation rate by Ki67-staining from the onset. No KIT mutations were identified in the tumor and bone marrow. Serum tryptase levels and a bone marrow aspirate and trephine biopsy were normal. Although the histomorphology of the skin tumor was consistent with mast cell sarcoma, the clinical behavior without systemic progression argued against this diagnosis. The tumor was finally considered as atypical mastocytoma, borderline to mast cell sarcoma. Currently, the patient is in close follow-up and still in complete remission.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Mastocytoma, Skin
PubMed: 34152029
DOI: 10.1111/cup.14088 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Jan 2022To compare wound healing following planned marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) with that of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) and to identify risk factors...
Marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs was not associated with a higher rate of complications or prolonged wound healing than marginal excision of soft tissue sarcomas.
OBJECTIVE
To compare wound healing following planned marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) with that of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) and to identify risk factors for wound healing complications and delay in healing.
ANIMALS
126 dogs that underwent intentional marginal excision of cutaneous MCTs (n = 77) or subcutaneous STSs (49).
PROCEDURES
Medical records of included dogs were reviewed and signalment, tumor size, tumor location, skin closure type, time to healing, reported complications, histopathological grade, and surgical margins were recorded. These variables and outcomes (complication rate and time to complete healing) were compared between dogs in the MCT and STS groups. Potential risk factors for complications and delayed healing were analyzed.
RESULTS
No significant difference between the groups was found in any of the variables. Wound healing complication rates were 29% (22/77) for the MCT group and 31% (15/49) for the STS group. The mean ± SD time to complete healing was 16.5 ± 7.5 days for the MCT group and 17.7 ± 9.3 days for the STS group. These outcomes did not differ significantly between groups. For both groups, the use of subdermal plexus flap reconstruction was associated with the development of complications and increased time to complete healing.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Marginal excision of cutaneous MCTs was not associated with a higher rate of complication or prolonged wound healing, compared with marginal excision of STSs. The use of flap reconstruction in skin closure may delay healing and planned adjuvant therapy. Owners should be counseled regarding these risks and where appropriate and feasible, surgery without reconstruction should be considered.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Mast Cells; Mastocytoma, Skin; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35092664
DOI: 10.2460/javma.21.05.0235 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Jan 2021It has been demonstrated that activated mast cells (MCs) are enriched in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) tumors and contribute to the inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanisms...
It has been demonstrated that activated mast cells (MCs) are enriched in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) tumors and contribute to the inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanisms driving MC activation, however, are incompletely understood. We sought to understand whether immunoglobulin E (IgE), a potent activator of MCs, was associated with KS incidence and severity. In a cross-sectional study of untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults with or without KS in Uganda, we found that patients with KS had higher plasma IgE levels than those without KS. After adjustment for age, sex, CD4+ T-cell count, and HIV RNA levels, there was a dose-response relationship between plasma IgE levels and the presence and severity of KS. Higher eosinophil counts were also associated with IgE levels, and plasma interleukin 33 concentrations were higher in individuals with KS. These findings suggest that IgE-driven atopic inflammation may contribute the pathogenesis of KS. Therapies targeting IgE-mediated MC activation thus might represent a novel approach for treatment or prevention of KS.
Topics: Adult; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Interleukin-33; Male; Sarcoma, Kaposi; Severity of Illness Index; Uganda
PubMed: 32561934
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa340 -
The Veterinary Record Jun 2012The acute phase proteins (APP) form part of a non-specific host response to inflammation. They may be induced by a range of different causes, including infection,...
The acute phase proteins (APP) form part of a non-specific host response to inflammation. They may be induced by a range of different causes, including infection, inflammation, cancer and trauma. As they form part of the earliest response to such insults, they have potential for early identification of disease. In people, APP levels have been shown to correlate both with the extent of disease and also the prognosis in several forms of neoplasia, including prostate, oesophageal and colorectal cancer. As such, they can be used as prognostic and monitoring tools. To date, similar studies in veterinary patients have been limited, largely retrospective in nature and many are non-specific for tumour type. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a panel of four APPs in dogs with naturally occurring mast cell tumours (MCTs) and sarcomas to identify in the first instance whether increased levels of individual APPs, or identifiable combinations of APPs, was linked with the presence of disease. In the patients with MCTs, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1 acid glycoprotein levels increased, with a concurrent drop in serum amyloid A levels. In the sarcoma patients, CRP, α-1 acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin were increased. These findings suggest that specific solid tumour types in dogs may be associated with specific changes in APP profiles.
Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; Animals; Biomarkers; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Inflammation; Male; Mastocytosis, Cutaneous; Sarcoma
PubMed: 22659923
DOI: 10.1136/vr.100401 -
Folia Histochemica Et Cytobiologica 2019Canine cutaneous round cell tumours (CCRCTs) include various benign and malignant neoplastic processes. Due to their similar morphology, the diagnosis of CCRCTs based on...
INTRODUCTION
Canine cutaneous round cell tumours (CCRCTs) include various benign and malignant neoplastic processes. Due to their similar morphology, the diagnosis of CCRCTs based on histopathological examination alone can be challenging, often necessitating ancillary immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. This study presents a retrospective analysis of CCRCTs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study includes 60 cases of CCRCTs, including 55 solitary and 5 multiple tumours, evaluated immunohistochemically using a basic antibody panel (MHCII, CD18, Iba1, CD3, CD79a, CD20 and mast cell tryptase) and, when appropriate, extended antibody panel (vimentin, desmin, a-SMA, S-100, melan-A and pan-keratin). Additionally, histochemical stainings (May-Grünwald-Giemsa and methyl green pyronine) were performed.
RESULTS
IHC analysis using a basic antibody panel revealed 27 cases of histiocytoma, one case of histiocytic sarcoma, 18 cases of cutaneous lymphoma of either T-cell (CD3+) or B-cell (CD79a+) origin, 5 cases of plas-macytoma, and 4 cases of mast cell tumours. The extended antibody panel revealed 2 cases of alveolar rhabdo-myosarcoma, 2 cases of amelanotic melanoma, and one case of glomus tumour.
CONCLUSIONS
Both canine cutaneous histiocytoma and cutaneous lymphoma should be considered at the beginning of differential diagnosis for CCRCTs. While most poorly differentiated CCRCTs can be diagnosed immunohis-tochemically using 1-4 basic antibodies, some require a broad antibody panel, including mesenchymal, epithelial, myogenic, and melanocytic markers. The expression of Iba1 is specific for canine cutaneous histiocytic tumours, and more sensitive than CD18. The utility of CD20 in the diagnosis of CCRCTs is limited.
Topics: Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Immunohistochemistry; Retrospective Studies; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31553052
DOI: 10.5603/FHC.a2019.0016 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2009In the clinical staging of cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCT), the diagnosis of metastasis is controversial based on cytological examination of lymph nodes, spleen,...
BACKGROUND
In the clinical staging of cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCT), the diagnosis of metastasis is controversial based on cytological examination of lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and blood.
OBJECTIVES
To define the prognostic role of ultrasound-guided cytology of spleen and liver in cMCT. The results of cytological evaluation were compared in relation with survival time.
ANIMALS
Fifty-two client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of cMCT.
METHODS
Selection of cases was based on cytological evaluation of liver and spleen to detect infiltration at distant sites. The Kaplan Meier method was used to compare survival in dogs with and without infiltration of spleen and liver (log-rank test P < .05).
RESULTS
Ten dogs with cMCT had mast cell infiltration of spleen, liver, or both and 4 of these dogs had involvement of the regional lymph nodes. The majority of dogs had 2 or more ultrasonographically abnormal findings simultaneously in spleen and liver. Nine dogs had grade II cMCT, and 1 had grade III cMCT. Dogs with positive evidence of mast cell infiltration to spleen, liver, or both had shorter survival times (34 versus 733 days) compared with dogs negative for mast cell infiltration at distant sites.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Dogs with evidence of mast cell infiltration at distant sites have a shorter survival times than dogs without evidence of infiltration at distant sites. This study suggests that cytology of spleen and liver is indicated either for ultrasonographically normal or for ultrasonographically abnormal spleen and liver in dogs with cMCT.
Topics: Animals; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms; Splenic Neoplasms; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 19656285
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0354.x