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Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi = Turkish... 2010Motherhood is a physiological status in which certain behavioural patterns are exhibited. Maintenance of the life of the species in mammals is dependent upon the... (Review)
Review
Motherhood is a physiological status in which certain behavioural patterns are exhibited. Maintenance of the life of the species in mammals is dependent upon the presentation of motherhood services in a certain period that the child is dependent on the mother. Absence of the mother causes some deficiencies in social, behavioural and cognitive abilities, an abnormal development of the stress response system, learning and memory disorders, and later, inadequate motherhood skills of the mature offspring during their own maternity period. Because maternal care is extremely important for the survival of the child and thus, for the species to maintain, nature seems to have provided the development of a healthy mother-child relationship. Therefore, motherhood is programmed by the evolutionary process in the female brain before birth. It is certain that the brain of the mother is very different from the brains of the nulliparous women who are within the same age range, and is very sensitive to her own child's needs. For maternal behaviour to develop in human beings and animals, special neural networks, which are cooperatively developed by genetic, environmental and hormonal factors, are necessary. It also seems likely that non-genetic (epigenetic) transmission responsible for the internalization of maternal behaviours learned from the mother and hormonal exposure of the brain both during the foetal period, throughout the growth, and during the gestation of the woman as well as genetic factors, play an important role in the development of these maternal neural networks and systems. In this paper, which was prepared by obtaining the necessary publications by means of a search for the words related to motherhood in the PubMed search engine, the physical and mental changes that prepare females for motherhood and enable them to tolerate it will be reviewed.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Endocrine Glands; Female; Humans; Maternal Behavior; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 20204906
DOI: No ID Found -
Global Health Action 2016
Topics: Female; Global Health; Humans; India; Maternal Health Services; Mothers; Power, Psychological
PubMed: 27993184
DOI: 10.3402/gha.v9.34406 -
Reproductive Health May 2023Adolescent maternal healthcare utilisation is low in Nigeria, and little is understood about the pregnancy experiences and drivers of maternal healthcare utilisation...
BACKGROUND
Adolescent maternal healthcare utilisation is low in Nigeria, and little is understood about the pregnancy experiences and drivers of maternal healthcare utilisation among of adolescent girls. This study investigated the pregnancy experiences and maternal healthcare utilisation among adolescent mothers across Nigeria.
METHODS
The study used the qualitative design. Urban and rural communities in Ondo, Imo and Katsina states were selected as research sites. Fifty-five in-depth interviews were conducted with adolescent girls who were currently pregnant or had given birth to a child recently, and nineteen in-depth interviews were conducted with older women who were either mothers or guardians of adolescent mothers. Additionally, key informant interviews were conducted with five female community leaders and six senior health workers. The interviews were transcribed, and resulting textual data were analysed via framework thematic analysis using a semantic and deductive approach, with the aid of NVivo software.
RESULTS
The findings showed that the majority of unmarried participants had unintended pregnancies and stigma against pregnant adolescents was common. Social and financial support from family members, maternal support and influence, as well as healthcare preferences shaped by cultural and religious norms were the major drivers of maternal healthcare use among adolescent mothers, and the choice of their healthcare providers.
CONCLUSIONS
Interventions to support adolescent mothers and increase maternal healthcare utilisation among them must focus on ensuring the provision of social and financial support for adolescent mothers, and should be culturally sensitive.
Topics: Pregnancy; Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Aged; Adolescent Mothers; Nigeria; Qualitative Research; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Maternal Health Services; Mothers
PubMed: 37208738
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-023-01613-z -
La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica :... Mar 2023Malnutrition is among the most common nutritional problems in children worldwide. Specifically, stunting as a malnutrition problem is a global priority, including in...
Malnutrition is among the most common nutritional problems in children worldwide. Specifically, stunting as a malnutrition problem is a global priority, including in Indonesia. This study analyses the effect of nutrition education interventions on maternal feeding knowledge, maternal feeding attitudes and children's weight. A quasi-experimental design using a pre-and post-test was selected and with a total sample of 70 people were assigned to an experimental and control group. This study was conducted in Jember Regency on July 2022, and the instrument used in this research were knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaires from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). A Bivariate analysis showed that the nutritional education intervention had a significant relationship with increased maternal feeding knowledge and attitude and children's weight in the control group and intervention group (p-value <0.05). However, a higher score was on the intervention group score compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the average weight of the children in the intervention group increased by about 331.42 grams, which higher compare to the control group's average weight gain. This study concluded that health education about eating, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, through an action-oriented group approach can significantly increase maternal feeding knowledge, attitudes, and children's weight.
Topics: Humans; Child; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Educational Status; Mothers; Malnutrition; World Health Organization
PubMed: 36974917
DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2023.314 -
LGBT Health Oct 2020We investigated associations between maternal comfort with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people during the participant's adolescence and their health indicators in...
We investigated associations between maternal comfort with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people during the participant's adolescence and their health indicators in adulthood. Data came from a prospective cohort, Growing Up Today Study ( = 7476), limited to men and women who provided information during their adulthood about recent binge drinking, cigarette smoking, or disordered weight control behaviors (DWCB) and whose mothers provided information during the participant's adolescence about her comfort with LGB people. Increased maternal comfort with LGB people was associated with increased engagement in health indicators for heterosexual but not sexual minority adults (binge drinking, cigarette smoking, and DWCB for women; binge drinking for men). No association existed between maternal comfort with LGB people and binge drinking or cigarette smoking for sexual minority women, and binge drinking for sexual minority men. This resulted in statistically smaller differences across sexual orientation in cigarette smoking for women when their mothers were highly comfortable with LGB people compared with those whose mothers were uncomfortable with LGB people. There were no differences in binge drinking (women and men) and DWCB (women only) across sexual orientation when mothers were highly comfortable with LGB people. Maternal comfort with LGB people is associated with certain sexual orientation-related disparities in health indicators through adulthood, due to increased engagement in health indicators by heterosexual adults. Exposure to sexual orientation stigma in adolescence, measured as maternal comfort with LGB people, possibly drives well-known differences in drinking, smoking, and DWCB during adulthood between heterosexual and sexual minority adults.
Topics: Adult; Adult Children; Alcohol Drinking; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Mothers; Prospective Studies; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Smoking
PubMed: 32877268
DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0315 -
African Health Sciences Jun 2023To analyse the clinical application of comfort care in mother-infant room.
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the clinical application of comfort care in mother-infant room.
METHODS
A total of 150 cases of maternal and infant delivery in the same room were selected for the study, randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group were 75 cases. The control group took conventional nursing intervention measures, and the experimental group implemented the comfortable nursing intervention mode. Under the guidance of comfort concept, nursing management was carried out from environment, physiology, psychology and other aspects. The postpartum negative emotions, comfortable conditions, the growth and development of newborn babies and the satisfaction of nursing work were compared.
RESULTS
After intervention, experimental group had lower scores of HAMD and HAMA as well as higher GCQ scores than those of control group (P < 0.05). The body length, body weight and head circumference of neonates, as well as nursing technology, professional service and environmental satisfaction in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Applying the comfort nursing mode in mother-infant room can help improve the maternal physical and mental states, promote the growth and development of newborn, and markedly improve the quality and efficiency of nursing work.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Infant; Female; Humans; Mothers; Postpartum Period
PubMed: 38223608
DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i2.83 -
JAMA Network Open Mar 2022Active participation in care by parents and zero separation between parents and their newborns is highly recommended during infant hospitalization in the neonatal...
IMPORTANCE
Active participation in care by parents and zero separation between parents and their newborns is highly recommended during infant hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
OBJECTIVE
To study the association of a family integrated care (FICare) model with maternal mental health at hospital discharge of their preterm newborn compared with standard neonatal care (SNC).
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This prospective, multicenter cohort study included mothers with infants born preterm treated in level-2 neonatal units in the Netherlands (1 unit with single family rooms [the FICare model] and 2 control sites with standard care in open bay units) between May 2017 and January 2020 as part of the AMICA study (fAMily Integrated CAre in the neonatal ward). Participants included mothers of preterm newborns admitted to participating units. Data analysis was performed from January to April 2021.
EXPOSURES
FICare model in single family rooms with complete couplet-care for the mother-newborn dyad during maternity and/or neonatal care.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Maternal mental health, measured using the Parental Stress Scale: NICU (PSS-NICU). Secondary outcomes included survey scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire, Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-efficacy Scale, and satisfaction with care (using EMPATHIC-N). Parent participation (using the CO-PARTNER tool) was assessed as a potential mediator of the association of the FICare model on outcomes with mediation analyses.
RESULTS
A total of 296 mothers were included; 124 of 141 mothers (87.9%) in the FICare model and 115 of 155 (74.2%) mothers in SNC responded to questionnaires (mean [SD] age: FICare, 33.3 [4.0] years; SNC, 33.3 [4.1] years). Mothers in the FICare model had lower total PSS-NICU stress scores at discharge (adjusted mean difference, -12.24; 95% CI, -18.44 to -6.04) than mothers in SNC, and specifically had lower scores for mother-newborn separation (adjusted mean difference, -1.273; 95% CI, -1.835 to -0.712). Mothers in the FICare model were present more (>8 hours per day: 105 of 125 [84.0%] mothers vs 42 of 115 [36.5%]; adjusted odds ratio, 19.35; 95% CI, 8.13 to 46.08) and participated more in neonatal care (mean [SD] score: 46.7 [6.9] vs 40.8 [6.7]; adjusted mean difference, 5.618; 95% CI, 3.705 to 7.532). Active parent participation was a significant mediator of the association between the FICare model and less maternal depression and anxiety (adjusted indirect effect, -0.133; 95% CI, -0.226 to -0.055), higher maternal self-efficacy (adjusted indirect effect, 1.855; 95% CI, 0.693 to 3.348), and better mother-newborn bonding (adjusted indirect effect, -0.169; 95% CI, -0.292 to -0.068).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The FICare model in our study was associated with less maternal stress at discharge; mothers were more present and participated more in the care for their newborn than in SNC, which was associated with improved maternal mental health outcomes. Future intervention strategies should aim at reducing mother-newborn separation and intensifying active parent participation in neonatal care.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Netherlands Trial Register identifier NL6175.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Mothers; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35344044
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4514 -
Italian Journal of Pediatrics Oct 2015The 2015 Position Statement on Breastfeeding of The Italian Pediatric Societies (SIP, SIN, SICupp, SIGENP) recognizes breastfeeding as an healthy behaviour with many... (Review)
Review
The 2015 Position Statement on Breastfeeding of The Italian Pediatric Societies (SIP, SIN, SICupp, SIGENP) recognizes breastfeeding as an healthy behaviour with many short and long term benefits for both mother and infant.While protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding, neonatologists and pediatricians need specific knowledge, skills and a positive attitude toward breastfeeding. In Maternity Hospitals and in Neonatal Units, appropriate organizative interventions should be applied in order to facilitate the beginning of breastfeeding and the use of mother's/human milk.The Italian Pediatric Societies indicate the desiderable goal of around 6 months exclusive breastfeeding if the infant grows properly according to WHO Growth Charts. In principle, complementary feeding should not be anticipated before 6 months as a nutritional strategy pretending to prevent allergy and/or celiac disease. Eventually, long term breastfeeding should be supported meeting mother's desire.
Topics: Breast Feeding; Female; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Infant; Milk, Human; Mothers; Pediatrics; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 26498033
DOI: 10.1186/s13052-015-0191-x -
Maternal and Child Health Journal Sep 2020Maternal health-seeking behaviors are critical to improving maternal and child health in low-income countries. This study investigates associations between maternal...
OBJECTIVES
Maternal health-seeking behaviors are critical to improving maternal and child health in low-income countries. This study investigates associations between maternal decision-making input and their health-seeking behaviors in the first 1000-day period between pregnancy and a child's second birthday in Nepal.
METHODS
We used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018 in 16 districts of Nepal. Among the 3648 households surveyed, 1910 mothers of a child 0 to 24 months with complete data were included for analyses. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between decision-making input and the utilization of antenatal, delivery and postnatal care services, and attendance at health mothers' group (HMG) meetings. We also used negative binomial regression to assess the relationship between her decision-making input and participation in growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) in the 6 months prior to the survey. For each relationship examined, we adjusted for clustering, as well as potentially confounding factors at individual and household levels.
RESULTS
After adjusting for confounders, maternal decision-making input had a small but positive and significant association with receiving at least 4 antenatal care visits (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.02, 1.17), attendance at GMP in the 6 months prior to the survey (IRR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04), and HMG attendance (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03, 1.17), but not with receiving at least 3 postnatal care visits or delivering in a health institution.
CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE
Our findings indicated that empowering women and mothers in household decision-making might warrant greater attention when developing future policies and programs in Nepal.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child Health Services; Cross-Sectional Studies; Decision Making; Female; Health Behavior; Health Services; Humans; Maternal Health; Maternal Health Services; Mothers; Nepal; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Pregnancy; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 32557134
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-02961-z -
Maternal and Child Health Journal Apr 2022Black women face disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality when compared to White women. Multiple factors contribute to these disparities. This study examines the...
OBJECTIVES
Black women face disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality when compared to White women. Multiple factors contribute to these disparities. This study examines the perspectives of Black women who have given birth in the last 5 years, to understand their pregnancy and birth experiences as a means of ascertaining factors that may be contributing to these disparities.
METHODS
The Consortium to End Black Maternal Mortality was established as a collaborative table of cross-sector stakeholders and Black mothers to effectively conduct community-based participatory research focused on Black maternal health. Between January and March 2020, Black mothers who had given birth in the last 5 years facilitated Listening Sessions (LS) with other Black mothers in Rochester, NY. Participants reported on details of their pregnancy and delivery, including interaction with providers, personal relationships and their individual experience. The qualitative data captured during these sessions were coded to draw out key themes which were validated with LS participants and the Consortium.
RESULTS
The key themes that emerged clustered into four groups, including: (1) Mother-Provider Communication; (2) Social Support; (3) Systemic factors and (4) Maternal Emotional & Mental Health. Mother-provider communication was the most salient factor affecting the maternal experience and was found to be influenced primarily by maternal health literacy and provider discriminatory attitudes and behaviors. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE: As a result of the Listening Sessions conducted with Black women, we identified mother-provider communication as the most important factor influencing the maternal experience.
Topics: Black or African American; Black People; Child; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mothers; Parturition; Perinatal Care; Pregnancy
PubMed: 35316456
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03422-5