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Medicine Sep 2021Early menarche can be the socio-psychological problems. We studied the association between early menarche and suicidal risk behaviors among South Korean girl adolescents...
Early menarche can be the socio-psychological problems. We studied the association between early menarche and suicidal risk behaviors among South Korean girl adolescents using national-wide data.Web-based self-report data from 2006 to 2015 the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data were used in this study. Menarche status was divided into an "early menarche" group (at <12 years of age) versus "not early" menarche group (at ≥12 years of age).Participants with adolescent girls with early menarche group showed a higher prevalence of substance use, higher levels of stress, poorer self-rated health status, unhappier perceiveness, more frequent depressed mood, inter-sexual kissing or petting, inter-sexual intercourse, homosexual kissing or petting, being the victim or the assailant of sexual assaults, sexual transmitted diseases experience, pregnancy, and abortion experience than the not early menarche group. Adolescent girls with early menarche who had suicidal ideation (25.4% vs 22.2%, P < .001), suicidal plans (4.1% vs 2.6%, P < .001), and suicidal attempts (6.8% vs 5.2%, P < .001) were higher than that in the adolescent girls with not early menarche. A multivariate analysis after adjusting revealed that the odds ratios for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.10), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.28-1.41), and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09-1.18), respectively.Adolescent girl with early menarche was associated with suicidal behaviors.
Topics: Adolescent; Asian People; Female; Humans; Menarche; Psychology, Adolescent; Suicide; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34559144
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027301 -
Women's Health (London, England) Jan 2013There are sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of many psychiatric disorders. Various trends in symptomatology have emerged that are thought to be linked... (Review)
Review
There are sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of many psychiatric disorders. Various trends in symptomatology have emerged that are thought to be linked to periods of hormonal fluctuations such as with menses, pregnancy or menopause. With data from animal and human studies, it has become clear that there is an important interplay between the serotonergic system and gonadal hormones. The majority of the research to date has focused on the influence that estrogen has within the CNS and, in particular, how it leads to an overall increase in serotonin synthesis and availability. In reviewing this female-specific topic we hope to raise awareness to sex/gender differences in psychopathology, help identify at-risk populations and consider development of new treatment options. Future research will also need to consider the influence that progesterone and oxytocin may have on sex-specific psychopathology as well as incorporate neuroimaging and consider the influence of hormones on the serotonergic system at a genetic level.
Topics: Animals; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Menarche; Menopause; Mental Disorders; Mood Disorders; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Serotonin; Women's Health
PubMed: 23241157
DOI: 10.2217/whe.12.64 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2021Reported mean ages, heights and weights of female soccer players aged <19 years in 161 studies spanning the years 1992-2020 were extracted from the literature or... (Review)
Review
Reported mean ages, heights and weights of female soccer players aged <19 years in 161 studies spanning the years 1992-2020 were extracted from the literature or calculated from data available to the authors; 35 studies spanning the years 1981-2020 also included an indicator of biological maturation. Heights and weights were plotted relative to U.S. reference data. Preece-Baines Model 1 was fitted to moving averages to estimate ages at peak velocity. Maturity indicators included skeletal age, pubertal status, age at menarche, percentage of predicted adult height and predicted maturity offset. Heights and weights showed negligible secular variation across the time interval. Heights were slightly above or approximated the reference medians through 14 years old and then varied between the medians and 75th percentiles through 18 years old. Weights were above the reference medians from 9 to 18 years old. Mean ages at menarche ranged from 12.7 to 13.0 years. The trend in heights and weights suggested the persistence and/or selection of taller and heavier players during adolescence, while estimated age at peak height velocity (PHV) and ages at menarche were within the range of mean ages in European and North American samples. Data for skeletal and sexual maturity status were limited; predicted maturity offset increased linearly with mean ages and heights at prediction.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Body Height; Child; Female; Humans; Menarche; Soccer; Young Adult
PubMed: 33557121
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041448 -
Environmental Health : a Global Access... Apr 2018The age of menarche has been associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease, as well as cancer risk. The decline in menarcheal age over the past century may be...
BACKGROUND
The age of menarche has been associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease, as well as cancer risk. The decline in menarcheal age over the past century may be partially attributable to increased exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).
METHODS
We assessed the influence of 26 phenol and phthalate biomarkers on the timing of menarche in a longitudinal cohort of Chilean girls. These EDCs were quantified in urine collected prior to the onset of breast development (Tanner 1; B1), and during adolescence (Tanner 4; B4). Multivariable accelerated failure time (AFT) models were used to analyze associations between biomarker concentrations and the age of menarche adjusting for body mass index (BMI) Z-score and maternal education, accounting for within-subject correlation.
RESULTS
Several biomarkers were significantly associated with the age at menarche; however, these associations were dependent on the timing of biomarker assessment. A log(ng/ml) increase in B1 concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate biomarkers was associated with later menarche (hazard ratio (HR): 0.77; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.98), whereas higher B1 concentrations of 2,5-dichlorophenol and benzophenone-3 were associated with earlier menarche (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.27; HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29, respectively). Elevated B4 concentrations of monomethyl phthalate were similarly associated with earlier menarche (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.53). The impact of monoethyl phthalate and triclosan concentrations on pubertal timing were significantly modified by BMI Z-score. Higher monoethyl phthalate and triclosan concentrations were associated with earlier menarche among overweight or obese girls, but not among those that were normal weight.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identifies modulation of sexual maturation by specific EDC biomarkers in Latina girls.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Chile; Endocrine Disruptors; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Menarche; Phenols; Phthalic Acids; Sexual Maturation
PubMed: 29615064
DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0376-z -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2021Childhood adversities (CAs) and infections may affect the timing of reproductive development. We examined the associations of indicators of CAs and exposure to...
Childhood adversities (CAs) and infections may affect the timing of reproductive development. We examined the associations of indicators of CAs and exposure to tonsillitis and infectious mononucleosis (mono) with age at menarche. A multiethnic cohort of 400 women (ages 40-64 years) reported exposure to parental maltreatment and maladjustment during childhood and any diagnosis of tonsillitis and/or mono; infections primarily acquired in early life and adolescence, respectively. We used linear and relative risk regression models to examine the associations of indicators of CAs individually and cumulatively, and history of tonsillitis/mono with an average age at menarche and early onset of menarche (<12 years of age). In multivariable models, histories of mental illness in the household (RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.06), and tonsillitis diagnosis (RR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.20-2.33) were associated with early menarche (<12 years), and with an earlier average age at menarche by 7.1 months (95% CI: -1.15, -0.02) and 8.8 months (95% CI: -1.26, -0.20), respectively. Other adversities indicators, cumulative adversities, and mono were not statistically associated with menarcheal timing. These findings provided some support for the growing evidence that early life experiences may influence the reproductive development in girls.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Menarche; Middle Aged; Risk
PubMed: 33924338
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084080 -
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 2020Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy in response to ingestion of gluten. CD was associated with gynecological disorders.
BACKGROUND
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy in response to ingestion of gluten. CD was associated with gynecological disorders.
OBJECTIVE
In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the age of menarche, age of menopause, number of pregnancies and abortions in Brazilian celiac patients.
METHODS
We studied 214 women diagnosed with CD and as control group 286 women were investigated.
RESULTS
Regarding the mean age of menarche, a significant difference was found (12.6±1.40 in CD and 12.8±1.22 years in healthy group; P=0.04). Regarding abortions, in CD women 38/214 (17.8%) and 28/286 (9.8%) in the control group reported abortion (P=0.0092, OR:1.98; CI95%=1.1- 3.3). There was no significant difference in the mean age of menopause nor number of pregnancies per woman.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we found that celiac women had a higher mean age of menarche and higher risk of spontaneous abortions.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Celiac Disease; Female; Humans; Menarche; Menopause; Middle Aged; Parity; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 32294744
DOI: 10.1590/S0004-2803.202000000-18 -
BMC Medicine Apr 2024The timing of puberty may have an important impact on adolescent mental health. In particular, earlier age at menarche has been associated with elevated rates of...
BACKGROUND
The timing of puberty may have an important impact on adolescent mental health. In particular, earlier age at menarche has been associated with elevated rates of depression in adolescents. Previous research suggests that this relationship may be causal, but replication and an investigation of whether this effect extends to other mental health domains is warranted.
METHODS
In this Registered Report, we triangulated evidence from different causal inference methods using a new wave of data (N = 13,398) from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. We combined multiple regression, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR), and negative control analyses (using pre-pubertal symptoms as outcomes) to assess the causal links between age at menarche and different domains of adolescent mental health.
RESULTS
Our results supported the hypothesis that earlier age at menarche is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in early adolescence based on multiple regression (β = - 0.11, 95% CI [- 0.12, - 0.09], p < 0.01). One-sample MR analyses suggested that this relationship may be causal (β = - 0.07, 95% CI [- 0.13, 0.00], p = 0.03), but the effect was small, corresponding to just a 0.06 standard deviation increase in depressive symptoms with each earlier year of menarche. There was also some evidence of a causal relationship with depression diagnoses during adolescence based on one-sample MR (OR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.54, 1.01], p = 0.03), corresponding to a 29% increase in the odds of receiving a depression diagnosis with each earlier year of menarche. Negative control and two-sample MR sensitivity analyses were broadly consistent with this pattern of results. Multivariable MR analyses accounting for the genetic overlap between age at menarche and childhood body size provided some evidence of confounding. Meanwhile, we found little consistent evidence of effects on other domains of mental health after accounting for co-occurring depression and other confounding.
CONCLUSIONS
We found evidence that age at menarche affected diagnoses of adolescent depression, but not other domains of mental health. Our findings suggest that earlier age at menarche is linked to problems in specific domains rather than adolescent mental health in general.
Topics: Child; Female; Adolescent; Humans; Mental Health; Menarche; Cohort Studies; Causality; Mendelian Randomization Analysis
PubMed: 38609914
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03361-8 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Mar 2024Sex difference in the incidence rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) indicates that estrogen has a certain protective effect on the disease. Nevertheless, there...
BACKGROUND
Sex difference in the incidence rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) indicates that estrogen has a certain protective effect on the disease. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of study investigating the association between factors pertaining to endogenous estrogen exposure level, such as age at menarche (AAM) in women, and IPF. Our study intended to employ Mendelian randomization (MR) method to elucidate the causal association between AAM and IPF.
METHODS
Our study utilized AAM as a measure of endogenous estrogen exposure and investigated its causal effect on the risk of IPF through MR. We employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to assess the causal relationship between AAM and IPF risk, with supplementary analyses conducted using the weighted median estimator (WME) and MR-Egger method. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the dependability of MR estimates.
RESULTS
A total of 9 selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with AAM were selected as instrumental variables. The IVW method showed that genetically later AAM was associated with an increased risk of IPF (odds ratio [OR] = 1.0014, 95%confidence interval [CI] = 1.0005-1.0023, p = 0.001). The median weighting method and the MR-Egger method obtained similar estimates, and no heterogeneity or pleiotropy was found, indicating that the results were robust.
CONCLUSIONS
Our MR study suggested a causal relationship between a later onset of menarche and a heightened susceptibility to IPF.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Menarche; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Estrogens; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Odds Ratio
PubMed: 38448907
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02936-8 -
Environmental Health Perspectives Oct 2023It remains unclear whether and childhood exposure to air pollution affects pubertal development, particularly age of menarche in girls.
BACKGROUND
It remains unclear whether and childhood exposure to air pollution affects pubertal development, particularly age of menarche in girls.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine whether residential ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure and during childhood is associated with age of menarche.
METHODS
We studied 5,201 girls in the Growing Up Today Study 2 (2004-present) who were 10-17 y of age at enrollment (47.7% premenarchal; 52.3% postmenarchal). Exposure to three size fractions of PM [fine PM with aerodynamic diameter (), PM with aerodynamic diameters (), and PM with aerodynamic diameter ()] was assigned based on maternal residential address, updated every 2 y, using nationwide spatiotemporal models. We estimated average PM exposure , and time-varying windows: annual average exposure in the prior 1 and 2 y and cumulative average from birth. Age of menarche was self-reported on three surveys administered in 2004, 2006, and 2008. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) for menarche for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM exposure using Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
Girls attained menarche at 12.3 y of age on average. In the adjusted model, higher residential exposure to ambient during all time windows was associated with earlier age of menarche. The HRs of menarche for each IQR () increase in exposure to during the period, 1 y prior to menarche, and throughout childhood were 1.03 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.06], 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10), respectively. Effect estimates for exposure were similar, albeit attenuated, for all time windows. exposure was not associated with age of menarche.
DISCUSSION
Among a large, nationwide, prospective cohort of U.S. girls, higher exposure to and and throughout childhood was associated with an earlier age of menarche. Our results suggest that and may have endocrine-disrupting properties that could lead to altered timing of menarche. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12110.
Topics: Female; Humans; Particulate Matter; Air Pollutants; Prospective Studies; Menarche; Environmental Exposure; Air Pollution
PubMed: 37792557
DOI: 10.1289/EHP12110 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Feb 2011Age at menarche is closely related to scoliosis progression during adolescence. Current data concerning the timing of menarche between scoliotic and non-scoliotic girls... (Review)
Review
Age at menarche is closely related to scoliosis progression during adolescence. Current data concerning the timing of menarche between scoliotic and non-scoliotic girls in the literature are conflicting, with inconclusive results. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution difference of age at menarche for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) girls and normal control population and to subsequently elucidate the menarche age difference through literature reviewing. Moreover, menarche age of AIS girls with Cobb angle <40°, 40-60°, >60° were compared to estimate its association with curve severity. Menstrual status data were available for 6,376 healthy female adolescents and 2,196 AIS girls. We notice that less than 10% of healthy Chinese girls experienced onset of menses before 11.38 years, and approximately 90% of healthy Chinese girls were menstruating by 13.88 years, with a median age of 12.63 years. As for AIS girls, less than 10% started to menstruate before 11.27 years, and approximately 90% were menstruating by 14.38 years, with a median age of 12.83 years. Average menarche age in AIS (12.83 ± 1.22 years) was significantly later than that of normal control girls (12.63 ± 0.98 years) (p < 0.001). Age at menarche for AIS affected girls was significantly greater than that of normal control girls at 75%, 90% of whom had attained menarche (p = 0.001, p < 0.001). Proportion of girls starting to menstruate after 14 years was significantly higher in AIS population compared with normal controls (16.3 vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001). In addition, AIS girls with Cobb angle >60° experienced onset of menses at an average age of 13.25 years, which was significantly later than AIS girls with Cobb angle <40° (12.81 years, p < 0.05) and marginally significantly later than AIS girls with Cobb angle between 40 and 60° (12.86 years, p = 0.053). In conclusion, a tendency of delayed onset of menarche was observed in Chinese idiopathic scoliotic girls in this large sample study, especially for girls with Cobb angle >60°, which is supported by multiple previously established positive linkages on AIS etiology studies. Accordingly it is believed that late menarche may contribute importantly to abnormal pubertal growth and subsequently modulate curve behavior in AIS.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Asian People; Body Mass Index; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Female; Humans; Menarche; Scoliosis
PubMed: 21153847
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-010-1649-6