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Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2017Psoralen compounds such as methoxsalen are photosensitizer agents used in conjunction with ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation exposure as photochemotherapy (Psoralens and...
Psoralen compounds such as methoxsalen are photosensitizer agents used in conjunction with ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation exposure as photochemotherapy (Psoralens and ultraviolet-A therapy [PUVA therapy]) for certain epidermal skin disorders such as psoriasis and vitiligo. Methoxsalen has been shown to be associated with premature cataract formation by forming adducts with lens proteins following oral administration and subsequent UVA exposure. Hence, the use of UV-filtering glasses is recommended during PUVA therapy sessions. Ocular tissues can be exposed to its photosensitizing effect with subsequent UV radiation exposure through sunlight if the patient was to be without protective eye glasses, potentially causing macular toxicity. Till date, there have been no reports in the literature of any posterior segment ocular toxicity arising from methoxsalen use. Here, we describe a case of a bilateral macular toxicity in a middle-aged male treated with methoxsalen for vitiligo.
Topics: Electrooculography; Electroretinography; Humans; Macula Lutea; Male; Methoxsalen; Middle Aged; Photosensitizing Agents; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Visual Acuity; Vitiligo
PubMed: 29133667
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_413_17 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Feb 2022Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor is the first choice for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it has some defects, such as dose limitation and... (Review)
Review
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor is the first choice for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it has some defects, such as dose limitation and unsatisfactory long-term treatment effect. Recent studies have shown that butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors or double acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibitors have better curative effects on AD, and the side effects are lower than those of specific AChE inhibitors. Dual target cholinesterase inhibitors have become a new hotspot in the research of anti-AD drugs. Herein, the synthesis and bioactivities of BuChE inhibitors were reviewed.
Topics: Acridines; Alzheimer Disease; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Humans; Methoxsalen; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 34953393
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112556 -
British Medical Journal Jul 1978
Topics: Humans; Methoxsalen; Photochemotherapy; Psoriasis; Ultraviolet Therapy
PubMed: 678788
DOI: No ID Found -
Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular... Aug 2009Cigarette smoking remains an important risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and its many complications. There are clear benefits from treating tobacco... (Review)
Review
Cigarette smoking remains an important risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and its many complications. There are clear benefits from treating tobacco dependence on the rate of clinical outcomes. In addition to behavioral therapies, various pharmacologic strategies have been developed to help achieve this goal. First-line therapies include nicotine replacement, bupropion and varenicline, a partial nicotine antagonist. Second-line treatments include clonidine and nortriptyline. Additional treatment strategies with less proven efficacy include monoamine oxidase inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, opioid receptor antagonists, bromocriptine, anti-anxiety drugs, nicotinic receptor antagonists (e.g. mecamylamine) and glucose tablets. Various approaches under investigation include inhibitors of the hepatic P450 enzyme (e.g. methoxsalen), cannabinoid-1 receptor antagonists (e.g. rimonabant), and nicotine vaccines.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Drugs, Investigational; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Risk Factors; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Smoking Prevention; Tobacco Use Disorder; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 19491139
DOI: 10.1177/1753944709335754 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2022Bergapten (BP) or 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) is a furocoumarin compound mainly found in bergamot essential oil but also in other citrus essential oils and grapefruit... (Review)
Review
Bergapten (BP) or 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) is a furocoumarin compound mainly found in bergamot essential oil but also in other citrus essential oils and grapefruit juice. This compound presents antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypolipemic, and anticancer effects and is successfully used as a photosensitizing agent. The present review focuses on the research evidence related to the therapeutic properties of bergapten collected in recent years. Many preclinical and studies have been evidenced the therapeutic action of BP; however, few clinical trials have been carried out to evaluate its efficacy. These clinical trials with BP are mainly focused on patients suffering from skin disorders such as psoriasis or vitiligo. In these trials, the administration of BP (oral or topical) combined with UV irradiation induces relevant lesion clearance rates. In addition, beneficial effects of bergamot extract were also observed in patients with altered serum lipid profiles and in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver. On the contrary, there are no clinical trials that investigate the possible effects on cancer. Although the bioavailability of BP is lower than that of its 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) isomer, it has fewer side effects allowing higher concentrations to be administered. In conclusion, although the use of BP has therapeutic applications on skin disorders as a sensitizing agent and as components of bergamot extract as hypolipemic therapy, more trials are necessary to define the doses and treatment guidelines and its usefulness against other pathologies such as cancer or bacterial infections.
Topics: 5-Methoxypsoralen; Humans; Methoxsalen; Oils, Volatile; Photosensitizing Agents; Plant Extracts; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 35509838
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8615242 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2019This study evaluated whether bergapten and methoxsalen could prevent diabetes-induced osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. For 10 weeks, bergapten or methoxsalen...
This study evaluated whether bergapten and methoxsalen could prevent diabetes-induced osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. For 10 weeks, bergapten or methoxsalen (0.02%, /) was applied to diabetic mice that were provided with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture quality were significantly reduced in the diabetic control group; however, both bergapten and methoxsalen reversed serum osteocalcin, bone-alkaline phosphatase and femur BMD. These coumarin derivatives significantly increased bone volume density and trabecular number, whereas they decreased the structure model index of femur tissue in diabetic mice. Conversely, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (TRAP) staining revealed that these derivatives reduced osteoclast numbers and formation in diabetic bone tissue. Additionally, both bergapten and methoxsalen tended to downregulate the expression of osteoclast-related genes such as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (), nuclear of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 () and in diabetic femurs, with and expression showing significant reductions. Our data suggest that both bergapten and methoxsalen prevent diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing bone resorption.
Topics: 5-Methoxypsoralen; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Bone Density; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Male; Methoxsalen; Mice; NFATC Transcription Factors; Osteocalcin; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; RANK Ligand; Streptozocin; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
PubMed: 30875838
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061298 -
British Medical Journal Apr 1977
Topics: Coumarins; Ficusin; Furocoumarins; Humans; Methoxsalen; Psoriasis
PubMed: 851774
DOI: No ID Found