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Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Jan 2019
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Immunotherapy; Microdissection; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Tumor Microenvironment; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 30476183
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy516 -
Experimental Physiology Mar 2007Measurements of human power need to be interpreted in relation to the movement frequency, since that will determine the velocity of contraction of the active muscle and... (Review)
Review
Measurements of human power need to be interpreted in relation to the movement frequency, since that will determine the velocity of contraction of the active muscle and hence the power available according to the power-velocity relationship. Techniques are described which enable movement frequency to be kept constant during human exercise under different conditions. Combined with microdissection and analysis of muscle fibre fragments from needle biopsies obtained pre- and postexercise we have been able 'to take the muscle apart', having measured the power output, including the effect of fatigue, under conditions of constant movement frequency. We have shown that fatigue may be the consequence of a metabolic challenge to a relatively small population of fast fatigue-sensitive fibres, as indicated by [ATP] depletion to approximately 30% of resting values in those fibres expressing myosin heavy chain isoform IIX after just 10 s of maximal dynamic exercise. Since these same fibres will have a high maximal velocity of contraction, they also make a disproportionate contribution to power output in relation to their number, especially at faster movement rates. The microdissection technique can also be used to measure phosphocreatine concentration ([PCr]), which is an exquisitely sensitive indicator of muscle fibre activity; thus, in just seven brief maximal contractions [PCr] is depleted to levels < 50% of rest in all muscle fibre types. The technique has been applied to study exercise at different intensities, and to compare recruitment in lengthening, shortening and isometric contractions, thus yielding new information on patterns of recruitment, energy turnover and efficiency.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Biopsy, Needle; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Humans; Microdissection; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Fatigue; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Myosin Heavy Chains; Phosphocreatine; Time Factors
PubMed: 17255174
DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2006.034322 -
Pathobiology : Journal of... 2023Histopathology has historically been the critical technique for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. Today, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics from... (Review)
Review
Histopathology has historically been the critical technique for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. Today, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics from specific cells, rather than bulk tissue, have become key to understanding underlying disease mechanisms and rendering useful diagnostic information. Extraction of desired analytes, i.e., nucleic acids or proteins, from easily accessible formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues allows for clinically relevant activities, such as sequencing biomarker mutations or typing amyloidogenic proteins. Genetic profiling has become routine for cancers as varied as non-small cell lung cancer and prostatic carcinoma. The five main tissue dissection techniques that have been developed thus far include: bulk scraping, manual macrodissection, manual microdissection, laser-capture microdissection, and expression microdissection. In this review, we discuss the importance of tissue dissection in clinical practice and research, the basic methods, applications, as well as some advantages and disadvantages for each modality.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Prognosis; Lung Neoplasms; Dissection; Microdissection; Tissue Fixation; Paraffin Embedding
PubMed: 35952628
DOI: 10.1159/000525979 -
BMB Reports Sep 2008Novel cancer biomarkers are required to achieve early diagnosis and optimized therapy for individual patients. Cancer is a disease of the genome, and tumor tissues are a... (Review)
Review
Novel cancer biomarkers are required to achieve early diagnosis and optimized therapy for individual patients. Cancer is a disease of the genome, and tumor tissues are a rich source of cancer biomarkers as they contain the functional translation of the genome, namely the proteome. Investigation of the tumor tissue proteome allows the identification of proteomic signatures corresponding to clinico-pathological parameters, and individual proteins in such signatures will be good biomarker candidates. Tumor tissues are also a rich source for plasma biomarkers, because proteins released from tumor tissues may be more cancer specific than those from non-tumor cells. Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) with novel ultra high sensitive fluorescent dyes (CyDye DIGE Fluor satulation dye) enables the efficient protein expression profiling of laser-microdissected tissue samples. The combined use of laser microdissection allows accurate proteomic profiling of specific cells in tumor tissues. To develop clinical applications using the identified biomarkers, collaboration between research scientists, clinicians and diagnostic companies is essential, particularly in the early phases of the biomarker development projects. The proteomics modalities currently available have the potential to lead to the development of clinical applications, and channeling the wealth of produced information towards concrete and specific clinical purposes is urgent.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Humans; Lasers; Microdissection; Proteomics; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 18823585
DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.9.626 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Nov 2013
Topics: Animals; Genomics; Humans; Laser Capture Microdissection; Pathology, Molecular; Proteomics
PubMed: 24123978
DOI: 10.1002/ar.22791 -
Asian Journal of Andrology Mar 2011As the field of assisted reproduction has advanced, many previously untreatable men are now biological fathers. Although finding sperm in men with obstructive... (Review)
Review
As the field of assisted reproduction has advanced, many previously untreatable men are now biological fathers. Although finding sperm in men with obstructive azoospermia is not difficult, locating and retrieving spermatozoa in men with non-obstructive azoospermia remains a clinical challenge, largely because sperm production in these men can be patchy or focal in nature. In response to this challenge, strategies such as fine-needle aspiration (FNA) mapping have been developed to find spermatozoa. This review discusses the history, evolution and current clinical utility and findings with FNA mapping for male infertility). Review of the current literature in the English language on FNA (diagnostic or therapeutic) with a keyword focuses on sperm detection, retrieval, safety and complications. FNA was described in human medicine over 100 years ago. Testis FNA was described 45 years ago and FNA 'mapping' of spermatozoa was described in 1997. This comparative review of the literature on sperm detection and complication rates with FNA and open testis biopsy or microdissection procedures suggests that FNA is highly informative, minimally invasive and is associated with fewer complications than other commonly used approaches to sperm detection in non-obstructive azoospermic patients. FNA mapping has gained considerable traction as an informative, 'testis sparing' technique for sperm detection in non-obstructive azoospermia. With knowledge of sperm presence and location prior to sperm retrieval, FNA maps can help clinicians tailor sperm retrieval to optimize time, effort and extent of procedures needed to procure spermatozoa in these difficult cases.
Topics: Azoospermia; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Male; Metabolomics; Microdissection; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Safety; Sperm Retrieval; Testis
PubMed: 21258355
DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.178 -
Medecine Sciences : M/S Nov 2019One of the most fascinating aspects of the use of a laser beam in the field of biology has emerged with the development of devices able to perform fine dissections of... (Review)
Review
One of the most fascinating aspects of the use of a laser beam in the field of biology has emerged with the development of devices able to perform fine dissections of biological tissues. Laser microdissection can collect phenotypically identical cells from tissue regions laid on a microscope slide in order to make differential molecular analyses on these microdissected cells. Laser microdissection can be used many areas including oncology to specify molecular mechanisms that enable to adapt a treatment related to diagnosis and research in biology, but also forensic science for tissue selection, neurology for post-mortem studies on patients with Alzheimer's disease, for clonality studies from cell cultures and cytogenetics to decipher chromosomal rearrangements. This technology represents the missing link between clinical observations and the intrinsic physiological mechanisms of biological tissues and its major applications will be addressed here.
Topics: Histological Techniques; Humans; Laser Capture Microdissection; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
PubMed: 31845879
DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019166 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Most of data available in the literature reported the sperm retrieval rate and limited intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) results of microdissection testicular...
Clinical Outcomes and Live Birth Rate Resulted From Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction With ICSI-IVF in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: A Single-Center Cohort Study.
BACKGROUND
Most of data available in the literature reported the sperm retrieval rate and limited intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) results of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients with different etiologies. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of comprehensive data to guide clinicians in conducting comprehensive consultations with NOA patients.
OBJECTIVES
To obtain more comprehensive evidence-based data and clinical outcomes for better consultation of NOA patients who opted to undergo micro-TESE combined with ICSI-IVF.
METHODS
It was a retrospective study involved 968 NOA patients underwent micro-TESE during January 2015 to December 2019. Embryological, clinical, and live birth outcomes were demonstrated comprehensively and three kinds of stratification analyses were performed based on ICSI-IVF cycles using frozen and fresh sperm, different etiologies of NOA and various amounts of sperm retrieved.
RESULTS
The sperm retrieval rate was 44.6%, and ICSI was performed in 299 couples leading to 150 clinical pregnancies and 140 live-birth deliveries. The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) was 50.17%, and the cumulative live birth rate (LBR) was 46.82%, and the low birth defects rate was 1.43%. No significant difference was observed about cumulative LBR in frozen sperm group and fresh sperm group (47.5% vs 42.9%, 0.05). NOA patients with AZFc microdeletions had the lowest rate of a high-score embryo on day 3 (4.4%, <0.05) and the lowest cumulative LBR (19.4%, <0.05). NOA patients with lower sperm count (having fewer than 20 sperms retrieved) had significantly lower cumulative LBR than those with higher sperm count (having more than 20 sperms retrieved) (28.1% vs 51.9%, <0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
For those NOA patients who stepped in ICSI-IVF cycles, the cumulative LBR was 46.82%. No significant difference was indicated in the LBR between ICSI-IVF cycles using frozen or fresh testicular sperm. Compared to other etiologies, NOA caused by AZFc microdeletions have the poorest embryological and clinical outcomes. Patients with less testicular sperm retrieved have poorer embryological and clinical outcomes.
Topics: Azoospermia; Birth Rate; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Microdissection; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Semen; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 35813616
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.893679 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE May 2018Smut fungi are the etiological agents of several devastating agricultural diseases. They are characterized by the production of teliospores, which are thick-walled...
Smut fungi are the etiological agents of several devastating agricultural diseases. They are characterized by the production of teliospores, which are thick-walled dispersal agents. Teliospores can remain dormant for decades. The dormancy is characterized by low metabolic rates, paused macromolecular biosynthesis and greatly reduced levels of respiration. Upon receiving required environmental signals, teliospores germinate to produce haploid cells, which can initiate new rounds of infection. Teliospore germination is characterized by the resumption of macromolecular biosynthesis, increased respiration and dramatic morphological changes. In order to precisely measure changes in cellular respiration during the early stages of germination, we have developed a simple protocol employing a Clark-type respirometer. The later stages of germination are distinguished by specific morphological changes, but germination is asynchronous. We developed a microdissection technique that enables us to collect teliospores at distinct germination stages.
Topics: Germination; Microdissection; Spores, Fungal
PubMed: 29806843
DOI: 10.3791/57628 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2022
Topics: Azoospermia; Humans; Male; Microdissection; Retrospective Studies; Sperm Retrieval; Spermatozoa; Testis
PubMed: 35333489
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2022.99.14