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International Journal of Hyperthermia :... Jun 2016Purpose To examine the effectiveness of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC™) with mitomycin-C (MMC) for patients with intermediate-high-risk non-muscle...
Purpose To examine the effectiveness of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC™) with mitomycin-C (MMC) for patients with intermediate-high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Materials and methods From November 2010 to April 2015, 40 patients with intermediate-high-risk NMIBC received HIVEC™ treatment with a Combat BRS system. Of these patients, 24 received neoadjuvant HIVEC™ treatment (eight weekly instillations) before a transurethral resection of the bladder (TURBT) and 16 received adjuvant HIVEC™ treatment post-TURBT (four instillations weekly + six monthly). The pathological response of each tumour was evaluated after the neoadjuvant treatment. Recurrence rates and adverse effects were evaluated in both groups. Results A total of 40 patients completed the induction therapy: 24 patients received the Neoadjuvant HIVEC™ treatment. Of these patients, 15 (62.5%) showed a complete response. Eight patients (33.3%) showed a partial response, and one patient (4.1%) showed no response at all. The 4-year cumulative incidence of recurrence was 20.8%. The adjuvant HIVEC™ treatment was given to 16 patients. The 2-year cumulative incidence of recurrence was 12.5% for this group. The incidence and severity of side effects were slightly lower in the adjuvant group than in the neoadjuvant group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.3). Most of the side effects were low grade and had virtually no effect on the treatment plan, and 97% of patients completed all of the HIVEC™ instillations scheduled. Conclusions The recirculation of hyperthermic MMC using Combat's HIVEC™ treatment is safe and effective and is capable of achieving good success rates in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. This treatment seems to be appropriate for NMIBC intermediate-high-risk patients who cannot tolerate or have contraindications for standard BCG therapy or in cases in which there are supply issues or shortages of BCG.
Topics: Administration, Intravesical; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Female; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 26915466
DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2016.1142618 -
Blood Jun 1987A simple and reliable cytogenetic test for Fanconi's anemia (FA) that is based on the hypersensitivity of FA cells to mitomycin C (MC) is described. Equal volumes of...
A simple and reliable cytogenetic test for Fanconi's anemia (FA) that is based on the hypersensitivity of FA cells to mitomycin C (MC) is described. Equal volumes of whole blood from a patient in whom the diagnosis of FA is suspected and from a normal person of the opposite sex are co-cultured in phytohemagglutinin-containing medium in the presence and absence of MC. After five days' co-cultivation, 100 quinacrine-stained metaphases from both the MC-containing and the MC-free cultures are examined for the presence of a Y chromosome using fluorescence microscopy. In all bona fide FA patients in whom testing was successful, hypersensitivity to MC was readily demonstrated by the striking deficiency of FA metaphases (0.9% to 14.9%) in the MC-containing co-cultures. In contrast, none of the three patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia and none of the five with undiagnosed conditions reminiscent of FA exhibited hypersensitivity to MC; cells from them, from parents of FA patients, and from several normal laboratory personnel constituted approximately half of the metaphases (40.4% to 71.2%) of MC-containing co-cultures, as would be expected in the absence of hypersensitivity to MC.
Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Cells; Fanconi Anemia; Female; Humans; Lymphocytes; Male; Mitomycin; Mitomycins
PubMed: 3107630
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Oct 2002Mitomycin C (MC) is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent that causes DNA damage in the form of DNA cross-links as well as a variety of DNA monoadducts and is known to...
Mitomycin C (MC) is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent that causes DNA damage in the form of DNA cross-links as well as a variety of DNA monoadducts and is known to induce p53. The various DNA adducts formed upon treatment of mouse mammary tumor cells with MC as well as 10-decarbamoyl MC (DMC) and 2,7-diaminomitosene (2,7-DAM), the major MC metabolite, have been elucidated. The cytotoxicity of DMC parallels closely that of MC in a number of rodent cell lines tested, whereas 2,7-DAM is relatively noncytotoxic. In this study, we investigate the ability of MC, DMC, and 2,7-DAM to activate p53 at equidose concentrations by treating tissue culture cell lines with the three mitomycins. Whereas MC and DMC induced p53 protein levels and increased the levels of p21 and Gadd45 mRNA, 2,7-DAM did not. Furthermore, MC and DMC, but not 2,7-DAM, were able to induce apoptosis efficiently in ML-1 cells. Therefore the 2,7-DAM monoadducts were unable to activate the p53 pathway. Interestingly, DMC was able to initiate apoptosis via a p53-independent pathway whereas MC was not. This is the first finding that adducts of a multiadduct type DNA-damaging agent are differentially recognized by DNA damage sensor pathways.
Topics: Apoptosis; Base Sequence; Cell Nucleus; DNA; DNA Primers; Humans; K562 Cells; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Protein Binding; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
PubMed: 12183457
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M205495200 -
Journal of Bacteriology Mar 1983We isolated a series of Tn5 transposon insertion mutants and chemically induced mutants with mutations in the region of the ColE1 plasmid that includes the cea (colicin)...
We isolated a series of Tn5 transposon insertion mutants and chemically induced mutants with mutations in the region of the ColE1 plasmid that includes the cea (colicin) and imm (immunity) genes. Bacterial cells harboring each of the mutant plasmids were tested for their response to the colicin-inducing agent mitomycin C. All insertion mutations within the cea gene failed to bring about cell killing after mitomycin C treatment. A cea- amber mutation exerted a polar effect on killing by mitomycin C. Two insertions beyond the cea gene but within or near the imm gene also prevented the lethal response to mitomycin C. These findings suggest the presence in the ColE1 plasmid of an operon containing the cea and kil genes whose product is needed for mitomycin C-induced lethality. Bacteria carrying ColE1 plasmids with Tn5 inserted within the cea gene produced serologically cross-reacting fragments of the colicin E1 molecule, the lengths of which were proportional to the distance between the insertion and the promoter end of the cea gene.
Topics: Bacteriocin Plasmids; Coliphages; DNA Transposable Elements; Escherichia coli; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Operon; Plasmids
PubMed: 6298187
DOI: 10.1128/jb.153.3.1479-1485.1983 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 2000To evaluate the long term results of intraoperative mitomycin C application in dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery compared with results of the conventional procedure. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
AIMS
To evaluate the long term results of intraoperative mitomycin C application in dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery compared with results of the conventional procedure.
METHODS
In this prospective randomised controlled study, a total of 88 eyes diagnosed with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were randomly divided into a conventional DCR group and a mitomycin C group in which mitomycin C was used during DCR surgery. The surgical procedures in both groups were exactly the same, except that in the patients in the mitomycin C group, a piece of neurosurgical cottonoid soaked with 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin C was applied to the osteotomy site for 30 minutes. The results of the DCR surgeries were evaluated by objective findings such as irrigation and the height of tear meniscus and subjective symptoms by asking patients the condition of tearing improvement.
RESULTS
Among the 44 eyes in the mitomycin C group, 95.5% of patients remained totally symptom free after 10 months of follow up; while in the conventional group, 70.5% of patients were reported to be symptom free and 18% of patients to have an improvement in their symptoms. There was a significant difference between these two groups. As far as objective findings were concerned, there were 41 eyes in the mitomycin C group classified as having a normal and one eye with moderate tear meniscus level, compared with 32 eyes and seven eyes, respectively, in the conventional group. There was also a significant difference between these two groups. The non-patency rate in the mitomycin C group is 4.5% compared with 11.4% in the conventional group. There were no complications such as abnormal nasal bleeding, mucosal necrosis, or infection except one patient with delayed wound healing.
CONCLUSIONS
Intraoperative mitomycin C application is effective in increasing the success rate of DCR surgery in standard nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and no significant complications resulted from its use.
Topics: Dacryocystorhinostomy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 10906101
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.84.8.903 -
Digital Journal of Ophthalmology : DJO 2023Surgically induced scleral necrosis (SISN) is an uncommon complication of ocular procedures. Cosmetic eye-whitening surgery involves conjunctival and Tenon's capsule...
Surgically induced scleral necrosis (SISN) is an uncommon complication of ocular procedures. Cosmetic eye-whitening surgery involves conjunctival and Tenon's capsule dissection, cautery, and mitomycin C application. We report the case of a 36-year-old white woman referred to our clinic for severe pain, scleral inflammation, and necrosis in both eyes 9 years after I-BRITE, an elective eye-whitening procedure. An extensive workup yielded negative results. The patient improved with aggressive lubrication and topical and high-dose systemic prednisone (60 mg), with recurrence upon steroid tapering. Concomitant weekly methotrexate was added, resulting in inflammatory control and allowing discontinuance of topical and oral steroids.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Mitomycin; Sclera; Conjunctiva; Necrosis; Immunosuppression Therapy
PubMed: 37780039
DOI: 10.5693/djo.02.2023.04.005 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Sep 1985Fourteen antineoplastic agents were examined for in vitro antibacterial activity against 101 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates representing indigenous human...
Fourteen antineoplastic agents were examined for in vitro antibacterial activity against 101 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates representing indigenous human microflora and selected opportunistic pathogens. Only 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin, and etoposide demonstrated inhibitory effects at achievable plasma concentrations, while the remaining drugs lacked appreciable antibacterial activities.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Bleomycin; Doxorubicin; Etoposide; Fluorouracil; Methotrexate; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mitomycin; Mitomycins
PubMed: 2416271
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.28.3.437 -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Jun 2021To evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of UGN-101, a mitomycin-containing reverse thermal gel used as primary chemoablative treatment for low-grade upper tract...
PURPOSE
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of UGN-101, a mitomycin-containing reverse thermal gel used as primary chemoablative treatment for low-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), in a subset of patients participating in a phase 3 clinical trial.
METHODS
Pharmacokinetic parameters (C, T, AUC, λz, t, and AUC) were evaluated in six participants (male or female, ≥ 18 years) with biopsy-proven, low-grade UTUC who received the first of 6 once-weekly instillations of UGN-101 to the renal pelvis and calyces via retrograde ureteral catheter. Plasma samples were collected prior to instillation and 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h post-instillation. Safety was assessed by laboratory evaluations, physical exam, and adverse event monitoring.
RESULTS
The mean age of the six participants was 69 years; most were male (5/6) and Caucasian (5/6). Mean (SD) C was 6.24 (4.11) ng/mL and mean T was 1.79 (1.89) hours after instillation. Mean apparent t following instillation was 1.27 (0.63) hours. Mean total systemic exposure to mitomycin up to 6 h post-instillation was 20.30 (19.69) ng h/mL. At 6 h post-instillation, mitomycin plasma concentrations of 5/6 participants were < 2 ng/mL. There were no clinically important adverse events or changes in laboratory values in any participant after a single instillation of UGN-101.
CONCLUSION
The reverse thermal gel formulation of UGN-101 is associated with higher concentration and extended dwell time of mitomycin in contact with the urothelium of the upper urinary tract while limiting systemic absorption of mitomycin.
REGISTRATION
NCT02793128; registered June 8, 2016.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Catheters; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Urinary Tract; Urologic Neoplasms; Urothelium
PubMed: 33677615
DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04246-w -
Balkan Medical Journal Jan 2017Intraabdominal adhesions remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, intraabdominal adhesions can develop in more than 50% of abdominal operations.
BACKGROUND
Intraabdominal adhesions remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, intraabdominal adhesions can develop in more than 50% of abdominal operations.
AIMS
We compared the anti-adhesive effects of two different agents on postoperative adhesion formation in a cecal abrasion model.
STUDY DESIGN
Experimental animal study.
METHODS
Forty Wistar albino type female rats were anesthetized and underwent laparotomy. Study groups comprised Sham, Control, Mitomycin-C, 4% Icodextrin, and Mitomycin-C +4% Icodextrin groups. Macroscopic and histopathological evaluations of adhesions were performed.
RESULTS
The frequencies of moderate and severe adhesions were significantly higher in the control group than the other groups. The mitomycin-C and Mitomycin-C +4% Icodextrin groups were associated with significantly lower adhesion scores compared to the control group and 4% Icodextrin group scores (p=0.002 and p=0.008, respectively). The adhesion scores of the Mitomycin-C group were also significantly lower than those of the 4% Icodextrin group (p=0.008).
CONCLUSION
Despite its potential for bone marrow toxicity, Mitomycin-C seems to effectively prevent adhesions. Further studies that prove an acceptable safety profile relating to this promising anti-adhesive agent are required before moving into clinical trials.
Topics: Alkylating Agents; Animals; Glucans; Glucose; Icodextrin; Mitomycin; Postoperative Complications; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 28251021
DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2015.1359 -
Cancer Aug 2003The authors compared gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) with mitomycin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (MIC) or mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin (MVP) in patients with... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Phase III trial of gemcitabine and carboplatin versus mitomycin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin or mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma.
BACKGROUND
The authors compared gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) with mitomycin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (MIC) or mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin (MVP) in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The primary objective was survival. Secondary objectives were time to disease progression, response rates, evaluation of toxicity, disease-related symptoms, World Health Organization performance status (PS), and quality of life (QoL).
METHODS
Three hundred seventy-two chemotherapy-naïve patients with International Staging System Stage III/IV NSCLC who were ineligible for curative radiotherapy or surgery were randomized to receive either 4 cycles of gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2) on Days 1, 8, and 15) plus carboplatin (area under the serum concentration-time curve, 5; given on Day 1) every 4 weeks (the GC arm) or MIC/MVP every 3 weeks (the MIC/MVP arm).
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in median survival (248 days in the MIC/MVP arm vs. 236 days in the GC arm) or time to progression (225 days in the MIC/MVP arm vs. 218 days in the GC arm) between the 2 treatment arms. The 2-year survival rate was 11.8% in the MIC/MVP arm and 6.9% in the GC arm. The 1-year survival rate was 32.5% in the MIC/MVP arm and 33.2% in the GC arm. In the MIC/MVP arm, 33% of patients responded (4 complete responses [CRs] and 57 partial responses [PRs]) whereas in the GC arm, 30% of patients responded (3 CRs and 54 PRs). Nonhematologic toxicity was comparable for patients with Grade 3-4 symptoms, except there was more alopecia among patients in the MIC/MVP arm. GC appeared to produce more hematologic toxicity and necessitated more transfusions. There was no difference in performance status, disease-related symptoms, or QoL between patients in the two treatment arms. Fewer inpatient stays for complications were required with GC.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the current study failed to demonstrate any difference in efficacy between the newer regimen of GC and the older regimens of MIC and MVP. Cancer 2003;98:542-53.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Anxiety; Carboplatin; Carcinoma, Large Cell; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cisplatin; Deoxycytidine; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Ifosfamide; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Mitomycins; Neoplasm Staging; Quality of Life; Survival Rate; Time Factors; Vinblastine; Gemcitabine
PubMed: 12879472
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11535