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Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology Sep 2011Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology celebrated its 10-year anniversary during this past year with a series of specially commissioned articles. To complement this, here... (Review)
Review
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology celebrated its 10-year anniversary during this past year with a series of specially commissioned articles. To complement this, here we have asked researchers from across the field for their insights into how molecular cell biology research has evolved during this past decade, the key concepts that have emerged and the most promising interfaces that have developed. Their comments highlight the broad impact that particular advances have had, some of the basic understanding that we still require, and the collaborative approaches that will be essential for driving the field forward.
Topics: Cell Biology; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Molecular Biology
PubMed: 21941276
DOI: 10.1038/nrm3187 -
Comptes Rendus Biologies 2016The origins of genetics are to be found in Gregor Mendel's memoir on plant hybridization (1865). However, the word 'genetics' was only coined in 1906, to designate the... (Review)
Review
The origins of genetics are to be found in Gregor Mendel's memoir on plant hybridization (1865). However, the word 'genetics' was only coined in 1906, to designate the new science of heredity. Founded upon the Mendelian method for analyzing the products of crosses, this science is distinguished by its explicit purpose of being a general 'science of heredity', and by the introduction of totally new biological concepts (in particular those of gene, genotype, and phenotype). In the 1910s, Mendelian genetics fused with the chromosomal theory of inheritance, giving rise to what is still called 'classical genetics'. Within this framework, the gene is simultaneously a unit of function and transmission, a unit of recombination, and of mutation. Until the early 1950s, these concepts of the gene coincided. But when DNA was found to be the material basis of inheritance, this congruence dissolved. Then began the venture of molecular biology, which has never stopped revealing the complexity of the way in which hereditary material functions.
Topics: Animals; Epigenomics; Genes; Genetics; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Molecular Biology; Plants
PubMed: 27263362
DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2016.05.009 -
Journal of B.U.ON. : Official Journal... 2021Molecular biology of cancer cell is a domain of medical science that is rapidly growing in our days. Knowing the ways and paths that cancer cells follow is crucial to... (Review)
Review
Molecular biology of cancer cell is a domain of medical science that is rapidly growing in our days. Knowing the ways and paths that cancer cells follow is crucial to the prevention of cancer itself. Central role to these paths, concerning the cell cycle and the process of apoptosis, has the protein p53. The whole mechanism of the cell cycle is activated by the action of various mitogens, such as growth factors, hormones and cytokines. Carcinogenesis involves alterations of genes (proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes), which encode proteins of the signal transduction. Many of the damages that lead to carcinogenesis may be due to the lack of repressive signals for cell division, but also to the absence of the sensitivity of cells to repressive signals. The cell has mechanisms of receiving apoptotic-antitumor signals and mechanisms of execution of these instructions. A percentage of cancers (4-8%) are etiologically linked to germ (stem) cells mutations and occur at an increased frequency in families (hereditary cancers). Substantial progress in understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenesis, filtration and metastasis of cancer has highlighted the key role of specific genes, primarily oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Topics: Humans; Molecular Biology; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34761575
DOI: No ID Found -
EMBO Reports Jun 2004Biology's various affairs with holism and reductionism, and their contribution to understanding life at the molecular level (Review)
Review
Biology's various affairs with holism and reductionism, and their contribution to understanding life at the molecular level
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Biological; Molecular Biology; Probability
PubMed: 15170468
DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400180 -
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology... Mar 2018Disrupting a gene to determine its effect on an organism's phenotype is an indispensable tool in molecular biology. Such techniques are critical for understanding how a... (Review)
Review
Disrupting a gene to determine its effect on an organism's phenotype is an indispensable tool in molecular biology. Such techniques are critical for understanding how a gene product contributes to the development and cellular identity of organisms. The explosion of genomic sequencing technologies combined with recent advances in genome-editing techniques has elevated the possibilities of genetic manipulations in numerous organisms in which these experiments were previously not readily accessible or possible. Introducing the next generation of molecular biologists to these emerging techniques is key in the modern biology classroom. This comprehensive review introduces undergraduates to CRISPR/Cas9 editing and its uses in genetic studies. The goals of this review are to explain how CRISPR functions as a prokaryotic immune system, describe how researchers generate mutations with CRISPR/Cas9, highlight how Cas9 has been adapted for new functions, and discuss ethical considerations of genome editing. Additionally, anticipatory guides and questions for discussion are posed throughout the review to encourage active exploration of these topics in the classroom. Finally, the supplement includes a study guide and practical suggestions to incorporate CRISPR/Cas9 experiments into lab courses at the undergraduate level. © 2018 The Authors Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(2):195-205, 2018.
Topics: CRISPR-Cas Systems; Gene Editing; Molecular Biology; Students; Universities
PubMed: 29381252
DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21108 -
Molecular Cell Aug 2018
Topics: Humans; Molecular Biology; Research; Research Design
PubMed: 30075138
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.07.021 -
Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics May 2019Combined awareness about the power and limitations of bioinformatics and molecular biology enables advanced research based on high-throughput data. Despite an increasing...
Combined awareness about the power and limitations of bioinformatics and molecular biology enables advanced research based on high-throughput data. Despite an increasing demand of scientists with a combined background in both fields, the education of dry and wet lab subjects are often still separated. This work describes an example of integrated education with a focus on genomics and transcriptomics. Participants learned computational and molecular biology methods in the same practical course. Peer-review was applied as a teaching method to foster cooperative learning of students with heterogeneous backgrounds. The positive evaluation results indicate that this approach was accepted by the participants and would likely be suitable for wider scale application.
Topics: Computational Biology; Female; Humans; Male; Molecular Biology
PubMed: 31145692
DOI: 10.1515/jib-2019-0005 -
Research in Microbiology Jun 2014
Topics: Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetics, Microbial; History, 20th Century; Molecular Biology; Operon
PubMed: 24859146
DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.05.018 -
Infection and Immunity Apr 2011A reductionistic approach to science, epitomized by molecular biology, is often contrasted with the holistic approach of systems biology. However, molecular biology and...
A reductionistic approach to science, epitomized by molecular biology, is often contrasted with the holistic approach of systems biology. However, molecular biology and systems biology are actually interdependent and complementary ways in which to study and make sense of complex phenomena.
Topics: Animals; Holistic Health; Humans; Molecular Biology; Science
PubMed: 21321076
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.01343-10 -
Journal of Molecular Biology Feb 2017
Topics: Computational Biology; Databases, Protein; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Biology
PubMed: 28025039
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.12.018