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Seminars in Nuclear Medicine Jan 2016Metabolic imaging is a field of molecular imaging that focuses and targets changes in metabolic pathways for the evaluation of different clinical conditions. Targeting... (Review)
Review
Metabolic imaging is a field of molecular imaging that focuses and targets changes in metabolic pathways for the evaluation of different clinical conditions. Targeting and quantifying metabolic changes noninvasively is a powerful approach to facilitate diagnosis and evaluate therapeutic response. This review addresses only techniques targeting metabolic pathways. Other molecular imaging strategies, such as affinity or receptor imaging or microenvironment-dependent methods are beyond the scope of this review. Here we describe the current state of the art in clinically translatable metabolic imaging modalities. Specifically, we focus on PET and MR spectroscopy, including conventional (1)H- and (13)C-MR spectroscopy at thermal equilibrium and hyperpolarized MRI. In this article, we first provide an overview of metabolic pathways that are altered in many pathologic conditions and the corresponding probes and techniques used to study those alterations. We then describe the application of metabolic imaging to several common diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiac ischemia, and infection or inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metabolism; Molecular Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 26687855
DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.09.004 -
The International Journal of... Aug 2018The recent surge in spectroscopic Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy (sSMLM) offers exciting new capabilities for combining single molecule imaging and... (Review)
Review
The recent surge in spectroscopic Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy (sSMLM) offers exciting new capabilities for combining single molecule imaging and spectroscopic analysis. Through the synergistic integration of super-resolution optical microscopy and single-molecule spectroscopy, sSMLM offers combined strengths from both fields. By capturing the full spectra of single molecule fluorescent emissions, sSMLM can distinguish minute spectroscopic variations from individual fluorescent molecules while preserving nanoscopic spatial localization precision. It can significantly extend the coding space for multi-molecule super-resolution imaging. Furthermore, it has the potential to detect spectroscopic variations in fluorescence emission associated with molecular interactions, which further enables probing local chemical and biochemical inhomogeneities of the nano-environments. In this review, we seek to explain the working principle of sSMLM technologies and the status of sSMLM techniques towards new super-resolution imaging applications.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; COS Cells; Chlorocebus aethiops; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lipid Bilayers; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Molecular Imaging; Oxazines; Rhodamines; Single Molecule Imaging; alpha-Synuclein
PubMed: 29874548
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.06.002 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Apr 2014Imaging cellular and molecular processes associated with aneurysm expansion, dissection, and rupture can potentially transform the management of patients with thoracic... (Review)
Review
Imaging cellular and molecular processes associated with aneurysm expansion, dissection, and rupture can potentially transform the management of patients with thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Here, we review recent advances in molecular imaging of aortic aneurysm, focusing on imaging modalities with the greatest potential for clinical translation and application, PET, SPECT, and MRI. Inflammation (e.g., with (18)F-FDG, nanoparticles) and matrix remodeling (e.g., with matrix metalloproteinase-targeted tracers) are highlighted as promising targets for molecular imaging of aneurysm. Potential alternative or complementary approaches to molecular imaging for aneurysm risk stratification are briefly discussed.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Molecular Imaging; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 24381115
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-013-9845-5 -
Molecular Imaging and Biology Dec 2018Over the last two decades, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been increasingly employed to investigate the spatial distribution of a wide variety of molecules in... (Review)
Review
Over the last two decades, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been increasingly employed to investigate the spatial distribution of a wide variety of molecules in complex biological samples. MSI has demonstrated its potential in numerous applications from drug discovery, disease state evaluation through proteomic and/or metabolomic studies. Significant technological and methodological advancements have addressed natural limitations of the techniques, i.e., increased spatial resolution, increased detection sensitivity especially for large molecules, higher throughput analysis and data management. One of the next major evolutions of MSI is linked to the introduction of imaging mass cytometry (IMC). IMC is a multiplexed method for tissue phenotyping, imaging signalling pathway or cell marker assessment, at sub-cellular resolution (1 μm). It uses MSI to simultaneously detect and quantify up to 30 different antibodies within a tissue section. The combination of MSI with other molecular imaging techniques can also provide highly relevant complementary information to explore new scientific fields. Traditionally, classical histology (especially haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections) is overlaid with molecular profiles obtained by MSI. Thus, MSI-based molecular histology provides a snapshot of a tissue microenvironment and enables the correlation of drugs, metabolites, lipids, peptides or proteins with histological/pathological features or tissue substructures. Recently, many examples combining MSI with other imaging modalities such as fluorescence, confocal Raman spectroscopy and MRI have emerged. For instance, brain pathophysiology has been studied using both MRI and MSI, establishing correlations between in and ex vivo molecular imaging techniques. Endogenous metabolite and small peptide modulation were evaluated depending on disease state. Here, we review advanced 'hot topics' in MSI development and explore the combination of MSI with established molecular imaging techniques to improve our understanding of biological and pathophysiological processes.
Topics: Biomarkers; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Imaging; Organ Specificity
PubMed: 30167993
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1267-y -
Molecular Imaging and Biology Feb 2020
Topics: Awards and Prizes; Biology; Canada; Congresses as Topic; Humans; International Agencies; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 31667716
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01444-0 -
BioMed Research International 2014Optical molecular imaging, a new medical imaging technique, is developed based on genomics, proteomics and modern optical imaging technique, characterized by... (Review)
Review
Optical molecular imaging, a new medical imaging technique, is developed based on genomics, proteomics and modern optical imaging technique, characterized by non-invasiveness, non-radiativity, high cost-effectiveness, high resolution, high sensitivity and simple operation in comparison with conventional imaging modalities. Currently, it has become one of the most widely used molecular imaging techniques and has been applied in gene expression regulation and activity detection, biological development and cytological detection, drug research and development, pathogenesis research, pharmaceutical effect evaluation and therapeutic effect evaluation, and so forth, This paper will review the latest researches and application progresses of commonly used optical molecular imaging techniques such as bioluminescence imaging and fluorescence molecular imaging.
Topics: Animals; Fluorescence; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Luminescent Measurements; Molecular Imaging; Optical Imaging; Research
PubMed: 24696850
DOI: 10.1155/2014/429198 -
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology Aug 2018By acoustically detecting the optical absorption contrast, photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) has broken the penetration limits of traditional high-resolution optical... (Review)
Review
By acoustically detecting the optical absorption contrast, photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) has broken the penetration limits of traditional high-resolution optical imaging. Through spectroscopic analysis of the target's optical absorption, PAT can identify a wealth of endogenous and exogenous molecules and thus is inherently capable of molecular imaging with high sensitivity. PAT's molecular sensitivity is uniquely accompanied by non-ionizing radiation, high spatial resolution, and deep penetration in biological tissues, which other optical imaging modalities cannot achieve yet. In this concise review, we summarize the most recent technological advancements in PA molecular imaging and highlight the novel molecular probes specifically made for PAT in deep tissues. We conclude with a brief discussion of the opportunities for future advancements.
Topics: Animals; Equipment Design; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Molecular Probes; Photoacoustic Techniques; Tomography
PubMed: 29631120
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.03.016 -
BioMed Research International 2016
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Precision Medicine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27652263
DOI: 10.1155/2016/5170159 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Jun 2019Cancer immunotherapy is now established as a central therapeutic pillar in hematologic oncology. Cell-based therapies, with or without genetic modification ex vivo, have... (Review)
Review
Cancer immunotherapy is now established as a central therapeutic pillar in hematologic oncology. Cell-based therapies, with or without genetic modification ex vivo, have reached the clinic as the standard of care in limited indications and remain the subject of intense preclinical and translational development. Expanding on this, related therapeutic approaches are in development for solid-tumor and nonmalignant indications, broadening the scope of this technology. It has long been recognized that in vivo tracking of infused cellular therapies would provide unique opportunities to optimize their efficacy and aid in the assessment and management of toxicity. Recently, we have witnessed the introduction of novel tracers for passive labeling of cell products and advances in the introduction and use of reporter genes to enable longitudinal imaging. This review highlights the key developments over the last 5 y.
Topics: Animals; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Molecular Imaging; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 30979822
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.213348 -
Current Opinion in Neurobiology Jun 2018One of the greatest challenges of modern neuroscience is to incorporate our growing knowledge of molecular and cellular-scale physiology into integrated,... (Review)
Review
One of the greatest challenges of modern neuroscience is to incorporate our growing knowledge of molecular and cellular-scale physiology into integrated, organismic-scale models of brain function in behavior and cognition. Molecular-level functional magnetic resonance imaging (molecular fMRI) is a new technology that can help bridge these scales by mapping defined microscopic phenomena over large, optically inaccessible regions of the living brain. In this review, we explain how MRI-detectable imaging probes can be used to sensitize noninvasive imaging to mechanistically significant components of neural processing. We discuss how a combination of innovative probe design, advanced imaging methods, and strategies for brain delivery can make molecular fMRI an increasingly successful approach for spatiotemporally resolved studies of diverse neural phenomena, perhaps eventually in people.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 29649765
DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.009