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Cellular Immunology 2008During the past decade, the immune and endocrine systems have been discovered to interact in controlling physiologic processes as diverse as cell growth and... (Review)
Review
During the past decade, the immune and endocrine systems have been discovered to interact in controlling physiologic processes as diverse as cell growth and differentiation, metabolism, and even human and animal behavior. The interaction between these two major physiological systems is a bi-directional process. While it has been well documented that hormones, including prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), regulate a variety of immune events, a great deal of data have accumulated supporting the notion that cytokines from the innate immune system also affect the neuroendocrine system. Communication between these two systems coordinates processes that are necessary to maintain homeostasis. Proinflammatory cytokines often act as negative regulatory signals that temper the action of hormones and growth factors. This system of 'checks and balances' is an active, ongoing process, even in healthy individuals. Dysregulation of this process has been implicated as a potential pathogenic factor in the development of co-morbid conditions associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, major depression, and even normal aging. Over the past decade, research in our laboratory has focused on the ability of the major proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta, to induce a state of IGF resistance. This review will highlight these and other new findings by explaining how proinflammatory cytokines induce resistance to the major growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). We also highlight that IGF-I can induce resistance or reduce sensitivity to brain TNFalpha and discuss how TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and IGF-I interact to regulate several aspects of behavior and cognition.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Interleukin-1beta; Mice; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 18325486
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.09.010 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2021This study aims to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) by measuring the levels of alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) by measuring the levels of alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the periodontal tissues and serum on the periodontal repair process related to experimental periodontitis in rats.
METHODOLOGY
Forty Wistar rats were divided into four study groups as follows: Group 1=healthy control (n=10); Group 2=EA control (15 mg/kg)(n=10); Group 3=periodontitis (n=10); Group 4=periodontitis+EA (15 mg/kg) (n=10). The periodontitis model was established by ligating bilateral mandibular first molars for 14 days. Then, rats were given normal saline or EA for another 14 days by gavage administration. Serum and gingiva myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG), and glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed by ELISA. İmmunohistochemical analysis was used to detect Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) immunoreactivities in the periodontal tissues. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) and attachment loss (AL) was evaluated by histomorphometry analysis.
RESULTS
ABL and AL were statistically higher in group 3 than in groups 1, 2 and 4 and in group 4 than in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). MPO activities in gingival tissue and serum were significantly increased in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Significantly higher serum GSH levels, lower gingiva, and serum 8-OHdG levels, and MPO activity were observed in group 4 compared to group 3 (p<0.05). Rats with periodontitis (group 3) expressed significantly higher immunoreactivities of IL-6 and TNF-α and lower IL-10 immunoreactivity compared to those other groups (p<0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α immunoreactivities significantly decreased and IL-10 immunoreactivity increased in group 4 after the use of EA compared to group 3 (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings showed that EA provides significant improvements on gingival oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and alveolar bone resorption in the repair process associated with experimental periodontitis. Therefore, EA may have a therapeutic potential on periodontitis.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Animals; Ellagic Acid; Interleukin-1beta; Periodontitis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 34586188
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0160 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2024Epidemiological studies have reported a positive association between chronic inflammation and cancer risk. However, the causal association between chronic inflammation...
Epidemiological studies have reported a positive association between chronic inflammation and cancer risk. However, the causal association between chronic inflammation and breast cancer (BC) risk remains unclear. Here, we performed a Mendelian randomization study to investigate the etiological role of chronic inflammation in BC risk. We acquired data regarding C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-1b, and IL-6 expression and BC related to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from two larger consortia (the genome-wide association studies and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium). Next, we conducted the two-sample Mendelian randomization study to investigate the relationship of the abovementioned inflammatory factors with the incidence of BC. We found that genetically predicted CRP, IL-6, and IL-1a levels did not increase BC incidence (odds ratio (OR) 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-1.12, P = 0.2059, OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.95-1.16, P = 0.3297 and OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, P = 0.2167). However, in subgroup analysis, genetically predicted IL-1b levels increased ER + BC incidence (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.27, P = 0.0088). Our study suggested that genetically predicted IL-1b levels were found to increase ER + BC susceptibility. However, due to the support of only one SNP, heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests cannot be performed, which deserves further research.
Topics: Humans; Interleukin-1alpha; Interleukin-1beta; C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Inflammation; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 38263420
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52080-w -
Science Advances Mar 2022Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β are inflammatory cytokines with important roles in health and disease. They trigger the same receptor and elicit comparable cellular...
Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β are inflammatory cytokines with important roles in health and disease. They trigger the same receptor and elicit comparable cellular responses but, for poorly understood reasons, are not redundant in vivo. Here, we decoupled IL-1α and IL-1β functions that drive protective responses against invasive infection with group A . IL-1β was essential for pathogen clearance, hence resistance to infection, by inducing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor at the infection site and establishing emergency granulopoiesis. In contrast, IL-1α governed reprogramming of liver metabolic pathways associated with tolerance to infection. The IL-1α-dominated hepatic regulation corresponded to high IL-1α levels in the liver during infection. Conversely, IL-1β was critical for the regulation of the spleen transcriptome, which correlated with ample IL-1β expression in this tissue. The results identify distinct and organ-specific roles of IL-1α versus IL-1β and implicate spatial restriction of their expression and bioavailability during infection as the underlying mechanism.
Topics: Interleukin-1alpha; Interleukin-1beta
PubMed: 35235356
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj7293 -
Chinese Medical Journal Oct 2021
Topics: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 34670251
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001846 -
Folia Morphologica 2021Synovial cysts are currently classified as degenerative lesions affecting the joint capsule or adjacent structures.
BACKGROUND
Synovial cysts are currently classified as degenerative lesions affecting the joint capsule or adjacent structures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In our study we describe the results obtained in an immunohistochemical study comprising 18 patients with synovial cysts, performed to evaluate the pathophysiological role of some inflammatory cytokines such as: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
RESULTS
Results showed an over-expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 which appears to be involved in the onset and progression of the disease. At the present time it is not possible to affirm that these molecules play a direct role also due to the absence of further and more specific investigations. The authors therefore hypothesize that inhibition of inflammation may have a significant role in the pathogenesis and regression of synovial cysts.
CONCLUSIONS
Hence, these inflammatory cytokines may be considered potential therapeutic targets. The development of synthetic inhibitors of these inflammatory factors could lead to a reduction in the intensity of inflammation, thus inhibiting the onset and development of the disease.
Topics: Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Synovial Cyst; Synovial Membrane; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 32159845
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2020.0025 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Aug 2021Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by infection of the periodontal supporting tissues. Clinical studies have reported that rheumatoid arthritis...
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by infection of the periodontal supporting tissues. Clinical studies have reported that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have a higher prevalence of PD. This study aimed to explore the correlation between RA and PD.
METHODS
A total of 307 RA patients (RA group) and 324 healthy individuals (control group) who received physical examinations during the same period were recruited to this study. The incidence of PD in the two groups was analyzed, and the periodontal disease index (PDI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Then, 42 RA patients with PD and 56 control group patients with PD were selected for further analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of the two groups. For patients with both RA and PD, the level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the duration of morning stiffness were also recorded.
RESULTS
The prevalence of PD in the RA group (51.5%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (31.2%), and the prevalence of PD also increased notably with the increase of age and the duration of the disease in RA patients. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the PDI and the GCF in the concurrent RA and PD group were significantly higher than those in the PD group (P<0.05). Partial correlation analysis showed that TNF-α in the GCF positively correlated with the BOP of patients with RA and PD. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the level of TNF-α in the GCF and serum CRP were independent influencing factors of the level of IL-1β in the GCF (the r values were 1.074 and 3.851, respectively; P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of RA can increase risk of PD occurrence and is positively correlated with the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the GCF.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Periodontitis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 34488393
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-1782 -
American Journal of Physiology. Lung... Sep 2021The influence of smoke-derived or air pollution-derived cytoplasmic particulate matter (PM) can be detrimental and can lead to failed lung immunity. We investigated... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The influence of smoke-derived or air pollution-derived cytoplasmic particulate matter (PM) can be detrimental and can lead to failed lung immunity. We investigated mycobacterial uptake, intracellular replication, and soluble immune-mediator responses of human bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALCs) loaded with/without PM, to infection with mycobacterial strains. We observed that only BALCs containing PM display an ex vivo phenotypic profile dominated by spontaneous interleukin (IL)-10 production. PM-loaded BALCs retained the ability to phagocytose both Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and () at equal efficacy as clear non-PM-loaded BALCs. However, immune responsiveness, such as the production of IL-6 ( = 0.015) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α ( = 0.0172) immediately post BCG infection, were dramatically lower in black BALCs loaded with PM versus clear non-PM-loaded BALCs. By 24 h post infection, differential immune responses to BCG between black versus clear BALC waned, and instead, production of IL-6 ( = 0.03) and IL-1α ( = 0.04) by black BALCs was lower versus clear BALCs following infection. Considering that TNF-α and IL-6 are characterized as critical to host protection against mycobacteria, our findings suggest that BALCs loaded with inhaled PM, display lower levels of antimycobacterial mediators and that the response magnitude differs according to infective mycobacterial strain. Even though this did not translate into altered mycobacterial killing at early time points post infection, the long-term impact of such changes remains to be established.
Topics: Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Female; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Lung; Male; Monokines; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Particulate Matter; Phagocytes
PubMed: 34287085
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00014.2021 -
BMC Psychiatry Mar 2024Inflammatory factors are associated with depression. We seek to investigate the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and prognosis of depression or suicidal...
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory factors are associated with depression. We seek to investigate the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and prognosis of depression or suicidal ideation and behavior at 3 months in depression patients.
METHODS
Eighty-two depressed outpatients were recruited and treated as usual. Plasma cytokines were measured at baseline. Patients were followed up with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and suicidal ideation and behavior according to the item 3 of Hamilton depression scale for 3 months.
RESULTS
Compared to the depression patients with low level of interleukin-1β, the high one had severe depressive symptoms at month 2 and 3 (B 0.92, P < 0.01; B 0.86, P = 0.02; respectively). The incidence of suicidal ideation or behavior was 18.3% at 3 months. Depression patients with high levels of tumor necrosis factor-α showed high risk of suicidal ideation and behavior than the low one (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.00-4.65, P = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS
High levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were predictive of middle-term severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation and behavior respectively.
Topics: Humans; Cytokines; Depression; Cohort Studies; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Depressive Disorder, Major; Interleukin-1beta; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 38459460
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05639-w -
Journal of Proteome Research Sep 2020Osteoarthritis is an age-related degenerative musculoskeletal disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage, synovitis, and subchondral bone sclerosis....
Osteoarthritis is an age-related degenerative musculoskeletal disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage, synovitis, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Osteoarthritis pathogenesis is yet to be fully elucidated with no osteoarthritis-specific biomarkers in clinical use. equine cartilage explants ( = 5) were incubated in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-supplemented culture media for 8 days, with the media removed and replaced at 2, 5, and 8 days. Acetonitrile metabolite extractions of 8 day cartilage explants and media samples at all time points underwent one-dimensional (1D) H nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic analysis, with media samples also undergoing mass spectrometry proteomic analysis. Within the cartilage, glucose and lysine were elevated following TNF-α/IL-1β treatment, while adenosine, alanine, betaine, creatine, myo-inositol, and uridine decreased. Within the culture media, 4, 4, and 6 differentially abundant metabolites and 154, 138, and 72 differentially abundant proteins were identified at 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8 days, respectively, including reduced alanine and increased isoleucine, enolase 1, vimentin, and lamin A/C following treatment. Nine potential novel osteoarthritis neopeptides were elevated in the treated media. Implicated pathways were dominated by those involved in cellular movement. Our innovative study has provided insightful information on early osteoarthritis pathogenesis, enabling potential translation for clinical markers and possible new therapeutic targets.
Topics: Animals; Cartilage, Articular; Horses; Interleukin-1beta; Metabolomics; Osteoarthritis; Proteomics; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 32701294
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00143