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Scientific Reports Sep 2021Bacterial species and their role in delaying the healing of pressure ulcers (PU) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have not been well described. This pilot study...
Bacterial species and their role in delaying the healing of pressure ulcers (PU) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have not been well described. This pilot study aimed to characterise the evolution of the cutaneous microbiota of PU in SCI cohort. Twenty-four patients with SCI from a French neurological rehabilitation centre were prospectively included. PU tissue biopsies were performed at baseline (D0) and 28 days (D28) and analysed using 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing analysis of the V3-V4 region. At D0, if the overall relative abundance of genus highlighted a large proportion of Staphylococcus, Anaerococcus and Finegoldia had a significantly higher relative abundance in wounds that stagnated or worsened in comparison with those improved at D28 (3.74% vs 0.05%; p = 0.015 and 11.02% versus 0.16%; p = 0.023, respectively). At D28, Proteus and Morganella genera were only present in stagnated or worsened wounds with respectively 0.02% (p = 0.003) and 0.01% (p = 0.02). Moreover, Proteus, Morganella, Anaerococcus and Peptoniphilus were associated within the same cluster, co-isolated from biopsies that had a poor evolution. This pathogroup could be a marker of wound degradation and Proteus could represent a promising target in PU management.
Topics: Aged; Bacteria; Female; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Pressure Ulcer; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Wound Healing
PubMed: 34531517
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98073-x -
BMC Infectious Diseases Mar 2022Postvitrectomy endophthalmitis is a rare and serious complication following vitreoretinal surgeries. Morganella morganii, an emerging gram-negative, facultative... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Postvitrectomy endophthalmitis is a rare and serious complication following vitreoretinal surgeries. Morganella morganii, an emerging gram-negative, facultative anaerobic rod, is related to severe nosocomial infections in various organs and thus has gained importance in recent decades. Morganella morganii infection following intraocular surgery is rarely reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report an immunocompetent patient with Morganella morganii-related endophthalmitis after vitrectomy for retinal detachment who presented with hand motion visual acuity, hypopyon and a unique retrolental exudative membrane. Initially, the patient was unresponsive to empirical intravitreal ceftazidime and vancomycin but recovered with vision preservation (20/63) after surgical removal of the membrane and silicone oil tamponade.
CONCLUSIONS
Morganella morganii intraocular infection is often devastating, likely due to its high multidrug-resistance rate via intrinsic ß-lactamase production, multiple acquired traits related to additional genetic mechanisms, and fimbrial adhesion, urease production, and type III secretion system-associated biofilm formation. The above characteristics of M. morganii may lead to an inadequate response to empirical intravitreal antibiotics, and early surgical intervention should be considered.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Morganella morganii; Retinal Detachment; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 35303817
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07248-y -
MSphere Dec 2021The spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing is a public health concern. KPC-encoding is predominantly spread by strains of a particular...
Molecular Analysis of -Harboring Plasmids: Tn Interplasmid Transposition and Tn-Carrying ColRNAI Plasmid Mobilization from Klebsiella pneumoniae to Citrobacter europaeus and Morganella morganii in a Single Patient.
The spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing is a public health concern. KPC-encoding is predominantly spread by strains of a particular phylogenetic lineage, clonal group 258, but can also be spread by horizontal transfer of -carrying plasmids. Here, we report the transfer of a -harboring plasmid via mobilization from K. pneumoniae to Citrobacter freundii complex and Morganella morganii strains in a single patient. We performed draft whole-genome sequencing to analyze 20 carbapenemase-producing strains (15 of K. pneumoniae, two of C. freundii complex, and three of M. morganii) and all K. pneumoniae strains using MiSeq and/or MinION isolated from a patient who was hospitalized in New York and Montreal before returning to Japan. All strains harbored -containing Tn. The 15 K. pneumoniae strains each belonged to sequence type 258 and harbored a Tn-carrying multireplicon-type plasmid, IncN and IncR (IncN+R). Three of these K. pneumoniae strains also possessed a Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmid, suggesting that Tn underwent interplasmid transposition. Of these three ColRNAI plasmids, two and one were identical to plasmids harbored by two Citrobacter europaeus and three M. morganii strains, respectively. The Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmids were each 23,753 bp long and incapable of conjugal transfer via their own genes alone, but they mobilized during the conjugal transfer of Tn-carrying IncN+R plasmids in K. pneumoniae. Interplasmid transposition of Tn from an IncN+R plasmid to a ColRNAI plasmid in K. pneumoniae and mobilization of Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmids contributed to the acquisition of in and M. morganii. Plasmid transfer plays an important role in the interspecies spread of carbapenemase genes, including the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-coding gene, . We conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis and transmission experiments to analyze -carrying mobile genetic elements (MGEs) between the -harboring K. pneumoniae, Citrobacter europaeus, and Morganella morganii strains isolated from a single patient. was contained within an MGE, Tn. WGS of -carrying K. pneumoniae, , and M. morganii strains isolated from one patient revealed that Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmids were generated by plasmid-to-plasmid transfer of Tn from a multireplicon-type IncN and IncR (IncN+R) plasmid in K. pneumoniae strains. Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmids were incapable of conjugal transfer in and M. morganii but mobilized from K. pneumoniae to a recipient Escherichia coli strain during the conjugal transfer of Tn-carrying IncN+R plasmid. Therefore, Tn-carrying ColRNAI plasmids contributed to the acquisition of in and M. morganii.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Citrobacter; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Humans; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Morganella morganii; Plasmids; Whole Genome Sequencing; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 34730375
DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00850-21 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Oct 2000This review presents the current taxonomy of the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella, along with the current methods for the identification of each species... (Review)
Review
This review presents the current taxonomy of the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella, along with the current methods for the identification of each species within the three genera, incorporating both conventional biochemical and commercial methods. While all of these organisms are ubiquitous in the environment, individual case reports and nosocomial outbreak reports that demonstrate their ability to cause major infectious disease problems are presented. Lastly, anticipated antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are reviewed. Many of these organisms are easily controlled, but the advent of newer and more powerful antimicrobial agents has led to some problems of which laboratorians need to be aware.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Morganella; Proteus; Proteus Infections; Providencia
PubMed: 11023955
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.13.4.534 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Apr 2013Abscess formation and cellulitis in the setting of envenomation are rare complications of handling catfish. To the best of our knowledge, isolation of Proteus vulgaris...
INTRODUCTION
Abscess formation and cellulitis in the setting of envenomation are rare complications of handling catfish. To the best of our knowledge, isolation of Proteus vulgaris has not been previously recorded, and recovery of Morganella morganii has been reported in only one prior case from wound cultures in patients injured by catfish stings. We report a case of catfish envenomation characterized by abscess formation and cellulitis, in which wound cultures grew these unusual organisms.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 52-year-old Chinese-American man was hospitalized with erythema and swelling of his right arm of 10 days' duration after skin penetration by a catfish barb. An abscess of his right thumb had undergone incision and drainage, with purulent drainage sent for wound culture immediately prior to admission. Laboratory studies revealed elevated white blood count, sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. The patient was treated with intravenous ampicillin-sulbactam and vancomycin during his hospitalization, and symptoms improved. Wound cultures obtained prior to presentation grew many Proteus vulgaris and Morganella morganii. He was subsequently discharged on a 10-day course of oral ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanate. At a 12-month telephone follow-up, the patient denied developing further symptoms and reported that the wound had healed completely without complication.
CONCLUSION
Although envenomation and secondary infection are not uncommon sequelae of handling catfish, the present case is unique by virtue of the infecting organisms isolated. Given the prevalence of injury from catfish stings, a review of the literature is presented in order to provide recommendations for prevention and treatment of catfish envenomation.
PubMed: 23631594
DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-7-122 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Sep 2022New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales was first detected in Brazil in 2014, in a Providencia rettgeri isolate recovered from surveillance swabs... (Review)
Review
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales was first detected in Brazil in 2014, in a Providencia rettgeri isolate recovered from surveillance swabs in the Southern region. Since then, an increasing number of NDM enzymes have been reported in different species. Nevertheless, comprehensive data on the current epidemiology of NDM-producing Enterobacterales in Brazil are lacking. Therefore, this study reviewed the available information on the status of NDM-producing bacteria in Brazil. The main finding was the diversity of bacteria producing NDM, including Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Morganella, Proteus, Escherichia, and Providencia. Limited data on clonality are available, but a few studies report different clonal backgrounds in NDM-producing K. pneumoniae, likely indicating local outbreaks. Over the years, a rise in the number of reported strains in different locations has been verified; however, different biases may have contributed to this finding. Therefore, a national surveillance study is warranted to identify the actual prevalence and incidence of NDM-producing Enterobacterales in Brazil and their role in patient management and outcome.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brazil; Enterobacter; Humans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 35690653
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00779-1 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021The bacterium can produce the biogenic amines (BA) cadaverine, putrescine, and histamine and is responsible for high histamine concentrations in fish products. These...
The bacterium can produce the biogenic amines (BA) cadaverine, putrescine, and histamine and is responsible for high histamine concentrations in fish products. These BA can have toxic effects upon ingestion and are undesired in food. The purpose of this study was to characterize the phenotype and genotype of 11 isolated from cheese in regard to the BA formation. In addition, we investigated the phylogeny, trehalose fermentation ability, and antibiotic resistance of the cheese isolates. To do so, we sequenced their genomes using both long and short read technologies. Due to the presence of the trehalose operon and the ability to ferment trehalose, the cheese isolates can be assigned to the subsp. . Comparative genomics with public available genomes shows that the genomes of the cheese isolates cluster together with other subsp. genomes. All genomes between subsp. and subsp. are separated by an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of less than 95.0%. Therefore, the subspecies could represent two distinct species. Nine of the strains decarboxylated lysine yielding cadaverine . This metabolic activity is linked to a previously unknown gene cluster comprising genes encoding a lysine-tRNA ligase (), an HTH-transcriptional regulator (), a cadaverine-lysine antiporter (), and a lysine decarboxylase (. The formation of putrescine is linked to the gene encoding an ornithine decarboxylase. The gene is disrupted in five strains by an insertion sequence, and these strains only exhibit a weak putrescine production. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiling revealed that all cheese strains are resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, tigecycline, colistin, and ampicillin. These phenotypes, except for colistin which is intrinsic, could be linked to antimicrobial resistance genes located on the chromosome.
PubMed: 34867855
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.738492 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Jul 2023The world-famous markets of Marrakech, also known in Arabic as souks, harbor a vast diversity of reptiles that are sold for medicinal/magic/pet purposes or used for...
The world-famous markets of Marrakech, also known in Arabic as souks, harbor a vast diversity of reptiles that are sold for medicinal/magic/pet purposes or used for snake charming. This unique epidemiological context has never been studied considering the interactions of humans, reptiles, and zoonotic pathogens. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the parasites and pathogens present in blood and feces associated with handled reptiles in the markets of Marrakech to assess the risk of zoonotic transmission within the reptile-human interface. Privately owned reptiles (n = 118), coming from vendors or snake charmers, were examined and blood and feces sampled. DNA was extracted and molecular screening (cPCR, nPCR, qPCR, dqPCR) was performed aiming to identify potentially zoonotic pathogens (i.e., Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp., Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Coxiella burnetii, Babesia/Theileria spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., Leishmania spp., Cestoda). Overall, 28.9% (34/118) of reptiles were positive for at least one pathogen. In blood, Anaplasma spp. were detected in four snakes, with two Montpellier snakes positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, while Rickettsia spp. were detected in one Mediterranean chameleon and four puff adders. Leishmania tarentolae was molecularly detected in a Mediterranean chameleon and a Montpellier snake. In feces, the cox1 gene generated a myriad of sequences for nematodes, cestodes, fungi and bacteria. Importantly, Proteus vulgaris was identified from a Mediterranean chameleon. Cryptosporidium spp. nPCR yielded a positive sample (i.e., Cryptosporidium sp. apodemus genotype I) from a Moroccan worm lizard, as well as for bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an Egyptian cobra, and Morganella morganii from a puff adder. Results from this study demonstrated the risk of zoonotic transmission of microorganisms and parasites present in blood and feces from reptiles that are brought to the souks in Marrakech, Morocco, to be sold for medicinal purposes or used for snake charming, being in direct and straight contact with humans.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Cryptosporidiosis; Morocco; Cryptosporidium; Rickettsia; Parasites; Anaplasma; Snakes; Reptiles
PubMed: 37467211
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011431 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022In adults, gut dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of gout. However, the characteristics of gut microbiota in children with hyperuricemia (HUA) in the absence...
BACKGROUND
In adults, gut dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of gout. However, the characteristics of gut microbiota in children with hyperuricemia (HUA) in the absence of clinical gout have not been explored.
OBJECTIVE
This present study analyzed the gut microbiota in children with HUA as compared to controls (Con) and explored bacterial associations that may account for differences.
METHODS
A total of 80 children were enrolled in this study; they were divided into HUA and Con according to the level of serum uric acid (UA). The composition of gut microbiota was investigated by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.
RESULTS
Principal coordinate analysis revealed that gut microbiota of the HUA group was clustered together and separated partly from the Con group. There was no difference in alpha-diversity between the two groups. However, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that serum UA level positively correlated with genera , and , and negatively associated with the producers of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as , and , and the sulfidogenic bacteria The members of the genera and in the Con group were significantly more prevalent than the HUA subjects. Compared to the Con cohort, metabolic pathway predictions found that the superpathways of purine nucleotide biosynthesis were decreased in HUA subjects, whereas the superpathway of purine deoxyribonucleoside de gradation was increased.
CONCLUSION
The composition of the gut microbiota in children with HUA differs from Con. Although causality cannot be established, modification in the microbiota that produces SCFA and sulfide may promote HUA.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Child; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gout; Humans; Hyperuricemia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Uric Acid
PubMed: 35574004
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.848715 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Sep 2020The increasing trend of β-lactam resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide problem. This study investigated isolates of the tribe Proteeae (Proteus,...
Antimicrobial susceptibility and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases among Proteus, Providencia and Morganella isolated from global hospitalised patients with intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections: Results of the Study for Monitoring...
OBJECTIVES
The increasing trend of β-lactam resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide problem. This study investigated isolates of the tribe Proteeae (Proteus, Providencia and Morganella) causing intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections from the worldwide Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) collected from 2008-2011.
METHODS
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on isolates with an ertapenem minimum inhibitory concentration >0.5mg/L or those phenotypically producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). ESBLs, AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases were detected by multiplex PCR.
RESULTS
A total of 142 isolates, including Proteus mirabilis (n=121), Proteus vulgaris (n=3), Providencia stuartii (n=5), Providencia rettgeri (n=6) and Morganella morganii (n=7), were analysed. Proteus mirabilis was generally susceptible to ertapenem (∼90%) compared with imipenem (≤25%). The most common ESBLs were CTX-M types (n=64), followed by TEM (n=27) and SHV (n=7). CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2 and CTX-M-15 were the dominant CTX-M-type ESBLs in P. mirabilis isolates. CMY (n=14), which included CMY-2 (n=6), was the most common AmpC β-lactamase, followed by DHA (n=6) and FOX (n=4). NDM (n=7), which included NDM-1 (n=4), was the most common carbapenemase, followed by KPC (n=2). Isolates from hospital-associated infections had more complicated β-lactamase combinations than isolates from community-acquired infections.
CONCLUSION
The global emergence and spread of β-lactamase-producing Proteeae isolates are major issues in tackling antimicrobial resistance. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance trends and developing further resistance surveillance are necessary.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Morganella; Proteus mirabilis; Providencia; Urinary Tract Infections; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 32311502
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.04.011