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Yonsei Medical Journal Nov 2017
PubMed: 29047254
DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.6.1252 -
The infection of Mycoplasma hominis after total knee replacement: Case report and literature review.Chinese Journal of Traumatology =... Aug 2017The Mycoplasma hominis infection is a rare postoperative complication after joint replacement. Based on our knowledge, there were only two cases reported by Korea all... (Review)
Review
The Mycoplasma hominis infection is a rare postoperative complication after joint replacement. Based on our knowledge, there were only two cases reported by Korea all over the world currently. A case of postoperative Mycoplasma hominis infection after total knee replacement in our hospital was reported in this article. It was confirmed through mass spectrometer and Mycoplasma cultivation and treated by the first stage debridement, polyethylene insert replacement, and then drainage and irrigation combined with sensitive antibiotics after the operation. We observed that the C reactive protein (CRP) level correlates with the development of disease, while the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) remains at a high level, indicating the relevance between the Mycoplasma hominis infection caused by knee joint replacement and CRP. This study aims to report the case and review relevant literature.
Topics: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; C-Reactive Protein; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Postoperative Complications; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 28711272
DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2017.04.005 -
MEDICC Review Oct 2013Determination of antimicrobial sensitivity helps establish adequate treatment and avoids future genital tract diseases in women of fertile age. In Cuba, prevalence of...
Determination of antimicrobial sensitivity helps establish adequate treatment and avoids future genital tract diseases in women of fertile age. In Cuba, prevalence of mycoplasma in patients with vaginal discharge is unknown. The objective of this research was to determine frequency and antimicrobial sensitivity of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in women with vaginal discharge through analysis of laboratory data from vaginal smears from 255 patients referred to the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Center in Güines, Mayabeque Province, Cuba. Mycoplasma System Plus (Italy) was used for detection, identification, count and sensitivity testing. The finding of mycoplasmas in almost two thirds of specimens examined suggests that the sexually active female population should be screened for these bacteria and that barrier contraception methods should be promoted to decrease their spread and prevent longterm sequelae. Such updating of local patterns of antimicrobial resistance supports decision making for best treatment options in patients with these infections. Our results should help clinicians in our area choose an antibiotic, and also confirm the utility of Mycoplasma System Plus for mycoplasma research in resource-scarce settings, to benefit individual and population health.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cuba; Female; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Vaginal Discharge
PubMed: 24253351
DOI: 10.37757/MR2013V15.N4.11 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Oct 2017Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect nearly 20% of women age 15 to 29 and account for an estimated $3.5 billion in costs. Antibiotic resistance prolongs UTI treatment,...
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect nearly 20% of women age 15 to 29 and account for an estimated $3.5 billion in costs. Antibiotic resistance prolongs UTI treatment, and resistance profiles vary regionally. This regional variation is an important consideration in guiding empirical treatment selection. Regional studies in the United States have identified tetracycline resistance in over one-third of species isolates, but no studies have evaluated antibiotic resistance levels in college-aged women with a first-time UTI. We tested a panel of antibiotics and determined the MICs of species (60 and 13 ) and 10 isolates obtained from urine from college-aged women with a first-time UTI. Low antibiotic resistance was found in this population of women with a first-time UTI. All and isolates were sensitive. However, two isolates were resistant, with one to levofloxacin (MIC, 4 μg/ml) and one to tetracycline (MIC, 8 μg/ml). For the spp., the MICs were highest against gentamicin (21 μg/ml) and lowest against doxycycline (0.25 μg/ml). In a comparison of MIC levels between spp., had significantly higher MICs against each antibiotic except doxycycline. For the resistant isolates, the genetic mechanisms of resistance were determined. PCR amplification identified to be present in the tetracycline-resistant isolate and an S83W mutation within the gene of the quinolone-resistant isolate. To our knowledge, this study is the first to provide molecular and phenotypic evidence of the S83W mutation conferring levofloxacin resistance in isolated from a patient in the United States.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; DNA Topoisomerase IV; Doxycycline; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Levofloxacin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Prospective Studies; Tetracycline; Tetracycline Resistance; United States; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine; Young Adult
PubMed: 28827422
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01104-17 -
Journal of Bacteriology Aug 2017lacks a cell wall, and lipoproteins anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane are in direct contact with the host components. A Triton X-114 extract of...
lacks a cell wall, and lipoproteins anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane are in direct contact with the host components. A Triton X-114 extract of enriched with lipoproteins was shown to stimulate the production of interleukin-23 (IL-23) by human dendritic cells (hDCs). The inflammasome activation of the host cell has never been reported upon infection. We studied here the interaction between PG21 and hDCs by analyzing both the inflammation-inducing mycoplasmal lipoproteins and the inflammasome activation of the host cell. IL-23-inducing lipoproteins were determined using a sequential extraction strategy with two nondenaturing detergents, Sarkosyl and Triton X-114, followed by SDS-PAGE separation and mass spectrometry identification. The activation of the hDC inflammasome was assessed using PCR array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We defined a list of 24 lipoproteins that could induce the secretion of IL-23 by hDCs, 5 with a molecular mass between 20 and 35 kDa and 19 with a molecular mass between 40 and 100 kDa. Among them, lipoprotein MHO_4720 was identified as potentially bioactive, and a synthetic lipopeptide corresponding to the N-terminal part of the lipoprotein was subsequently shown to induce IL-23 release by hDCs. Regarding the hDC innate immune response, inflammasome activation with caspase-dependent production of IL-1β was observed. After 24 h of coincubation of hDCs with s, downregulation of the NLRP3-encoding gene and of the adaptor PYCARD-encoding gene was noticed. Overall, this study provides insight into both protagonists of the interaction of and hDCs. is a human urogenital pathogen involved in gynecologic and opportunistic infections. lacks a cell wall, and its membrane contains many lipoproteins that are anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane. In the present study, we focused on the interaction between and human dendritic cells and examined both sides of the interaction, the mycoplasmal lipoproteins involved in the activation of the host cell and the immune response of the cell. On the mycoplasmal side, we showed for the first time that lipoproteins with high molecular mass were potentially bioactive. On the cell side, we reported an activation of the inflammasome, which is involved in the innate immune response.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Chemical Fractionation; Dendritic Cells; Detergents; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Inflammasomes; Interleukin-23; Lipoproteins; Mass Spectrometry; Microarray Analysis; Molecular Weight; Mycoplasma hominis; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 28559291
DOI: 10.1128/JB.00213-17 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2016Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are implicated in a wide array of infectious diseases in adults and children. Since some species have innate or acquired... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are implicated in a wide array of infectious diseases in adults and children. Since some species have innate or acquired resistance to certain types of antibiotics, antibiotic susceptibility testing of mycoplasma isolated from the urogenital tract assumes increasing importance.
AIMS
To evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in genital samples collected between 2007 and 2012.
METHODS
Three hundred and seventy three patients presenting with symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases, infertility or risky sexual behaviour, who had not taken antibiotics in the previous 6 weeks and had ≥10 WBC per high power field on genital smears were studied. Urethral samples were taken in men and endocervical samples in women. The mycoplasma IST-2 kit was used for organism identification and for testing susceptibility to doxycycline, josamycin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin and pristinamycin.
RESULTS
U. urealyticum was isolated from 42 patients and M. hominis from 11 patients. From 9.8% of isolates, both organisms were grown. All M. hominis isolates were resistant to tetracycline, clarithromycin and erythromycin while U. urealyticum was highly resistant to clarithromycin (94.6%), tetracycline (86.5%), ciprofloxacin (83.8%) and erythromycin (83.8%). M. hominis was sensitive to doxycycline (83.3%) and ofloxacin (66.7%) while most U. urealyticum strains were sensitive to doxycycline (94.6%).
LIMITATIONS
Inability of the commercial kit used in the study to detect other potentially pathogenic urogenital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma parvum, Mycoplasma genitalium).
CONCLUSION
There is significant resistance of U. urealyticum and M. hominis to tetracycline and macrolides. The most active tetracycline for genital mycoplasmas was found to be doxycycline, which continues to be the drug of first choice.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cohort Studies; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Genitalia, Female; Genitalia, Male; Hospitals, University; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Sampling Studies; Serbia; Sex Distribution; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Young Adult
PubMed: 26728808
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.172903 -
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal Dec 2015Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are important causative agents of vaginitis, cervicitis, postpartum sepsis, reproductive infections and infertility in both...
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are important causative agents of vaginitis, cervicitis, postpartum sepsis, reproductive infections and infertility in both males and females.
OBJECTIVES
According to the uncertain prevalence of U. urealyticum and M. hominis in Iranian infertile females, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of U. urealyticum and M. hominis in high vaginal swab samples of fertile and infertile females.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 350 high vaginal swab specimens were taken from fertile and infertile females. Samples were cultured and those that were positive for bacteria were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for further confirmation.
RESULTS
Of the 350 collected samples, eleven were positive for M. hominis (3.14%), fifteen were positive for U. urealyticum (4.28%) and five were positive for both of them (1.42%). Prevalence of U. urealyticum and M. hominis in the high vaginal parts of infertile females was higher than fertile females (P < 0.05). The results of traditional method were also confirmed, using the PCR amplification of urease gene of U. urealyticum and 16SrRNA gene of the M. hominis. Ureaplasma urealyticum and M. hominis had a higher prevalence in the high vaginal samples collected during the summer season.
CONCLUSIONS
Considerable prevalence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in the high vaginal swab samples of infertile females compared to the low prevalence in fertile females may suggest that these two pathogens can be cause infertility. Application of the PCR method is recommended for rapid and sensitive detection of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in high vaginal swab samples.
PubMed: 26756000
DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16823 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jun 2018Mycoplasma hominis is part of the genitourinary flora in sexually active people and can cause disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients. We describe a rare...
Mycoplasma hominis is part of the genitourinary flora in sexually active people and can cause disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients. We describe a rare case of an immunocompetent pregnant woman with simultaneous necrotizing HSV hepatitis and disseminated M. hominis infection. Detection of M. hominis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of this fastidious organism in the clinical laboratory is discussed.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Female; Hepatitis; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29550448
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.03.006 -
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal Dec 2015Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum bring with them an increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as premature membrane rupture, vaginitis and preterm...
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum bring with them an increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as premature membrane rupture, vaginitis and preterm birth.
OBJECTIVES
The present investigation was carried out to study the prevalence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in pregnant women and to study their resistance against commonly used antibiotics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three hundred and fifty high vaginal swabs were taken from pregnant women. Commercial Mycoplasma IST-2 kit was used for bacterial isolation. The results of the kits were confirmed using the PCR. The pattern of antibiotic resistance was determined using the disk diffusion method.
RESULTS
Of 350 samples collected, 32 samples (9.14%) were positive for U. urealyticum and 10 samples (2.85%) were positive for M. hominis (P = 0.025). Both U. urealyticum and M. hominis were simultaneously detected in 1.14% of samples. In addition, 40 - 45-year-old pregnant women had the highest levels of U. urealyticum (27.5%), M. hominis (12.5%), and both bacteria (7.5%). U. urealyticum and M. hominis isolates harbored the highest levels of resistance against ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Both isolates were susceptible to pefloxacin, clarithromycin, josamycin, and pristinamycin.
CONCLUSIONS
According to the direct correlation between the increase in the prevalence rate of genital mycoplasmas and increased age of pregnancy, initially, it is better to prevent pregnancy at older ages, and then, should a pregnancy occur, the highest levels of health cares should be provided to older pregnant women.
PubMed: 26756001
DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.17211 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Jan 2020Beside HPV infection, there is currently no evidence of association between head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and microbial infections. We report the case of a...
INTRODUCTION
Beside HPV infection, there is currently no evidence of association between head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and microbial infections. We report the case of a cervical squamous cell carcinoma by Mycoplasma hominis.
CASE SUMMARY
A 20-year-old woman, consulted for a swelling on the left cervical side. Clinical examination found a large fixed mass. Biological tests found no evidence of infection. Biopsies of the cervical lesion diagnosed an HPV negative squamous cell carcinoma. Microbiological tests of 16sRNA identification showed the presence of Mycoplasma hominis in the 3 specimens. The patient was treated by induction chemotherapy associated to antibiotherapy, followed by chemo-radiotherapy.
DISCUSSION
The present case suggests that oropharyngeal infection by Mycoplasma hominis might be more frequent than expected, that 16sRNA is an efficient technique to isolate this pathogen and finally that further studies are required to document its potential oncogenic role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Topics: Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Young Adult
PubMed: 31186167
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.05.020