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European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Jan 2020Beside HPV infection, there is currently no evidence of association between head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and microbial infections. We report the case of a...
INTRODUCTION
Beside HPV infection, there is currently no evidence of association between head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and microbial infections. We report the case of a cervical squamous cell carcinoma by Mycoplasma hominis.
CASE SUMMARY
A 20-year-old woman, consulted for a swelling on the left cervical side. Clinical examination found a large fixed mass. Biological tests found no evidence of infection. Biopsies of the cervical lesion diagnosed an HPV negative squamous cell carcinoma. Microbiological tests of 16sRNA identification showed the presence of Mycoplasma hominis in the 3 specimens. The patient was treated by induction chemotherapy associated to antibiotherapy, followed by chemo-radiotherapy.
DISCUSSION
The present case suggests that oropharyngeal infection by Mycoplasma hominis might be more frequent than expected, that 16sRNA is an efficient technique to isolate this pathogen and finally that further studies are required to document its potential oncogenic role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Topics: Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Young Adult
PubMed: 31186167
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.05.020 -
Le Infezioni in Medicina Sep 2013Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are associated with chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery and pelvic inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are associated with chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery and pelvic inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors of co-colonization by M. hominis in patients already colonized by U. urealyticum and compare demographic parameters, vaginal pH and microbiota of women colonized by U. urealyticum or M. hominis. A total of 452 patients positive for U. urealyticum or M. hominis were analysed, 421 (93.1%) of whom were positive for U. urealyticum and 31 (6.9%) for M. hominis. Patients positive for M. hominis compared to patients positive for U. urealyticum were more frequently colonized by Gardnerella vaginalis (71% vs 18.5%; p 0.0001), less frequently by lactobacilli (16.1% vs 61.5%; p 0.0001), and more frequently had a pH value higher than 4.5 (96.8% vs 57%; p 0.0001), all conditions associated to bacterial vaginosis (BV). Logistic regression analysis showed that only G. vaginalis colonization and pH higher than 4.5 were independently related to M. hominis colonization (respectively p 0.0001 and p 0.016). Thus, in women colonized by U. urealyticum, BV is an independent risk factor for M. hominis co-colonization.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Female; Hospitals, Maternity; Humans; Italy; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Risk Factors; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Vaginal Smears
PubMed: 24008852
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Jul 2021Female and male infertility have been associated to Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis urogenital infections. However, evidence from large...
Results from a large cross-sectional study assessing Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis urogenital infections in patients with primary infertility.
Female and male infertility have been associated to Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis urogenital infections. However, evidence from large studies assessing their prevalence and putative associations in patients with infertility is still scarce. The study design was a cross-sectional study including 5464 patients with a recent diagnosis of couple's primary infertility and 404 healthy control individuals from Cordoba, Argentina. Overall, the prevalence of C. trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis urogenital infection was significantly higher in patients than in control individuals (5.3%, 22.8% and 7.4% vs. 2.0%, 17.8% and 1.7%, respectively). C. trachomatis and M. hominis infections were significantly more prevalent in male patients whereas Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis infections were more prevalent in female patients. Of clinical importance, C. trachomatis and Ureaplasma spp. infections were significantly higher in patients younger than 25 years. Moreover, Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis infections were associated to each other in either female or male patients being reciprocal risk factors of their co-infection. Our data revealed that C. trachomatis, Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis are prevalent uropathogens in patients with couple's primary infertility. These results highlight the importance of including the screening of urogenital infections in the diagnostic workup of infertility.
Topics: Adult; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Infertility, Male; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections
PubMed: 34211075
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93318-1 -
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Apr 2022Mycoplasma hominis is the smallest prokaryotic microorganism with no cell wall, high pleomorphism, and slower reproduction than bacteria. It is difficult for clinical...
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma hominis is the smallest prokaryotic microorganism with no cell wall, high pleomorphism, and slower reproduction than bacteria. It is difficult for clinical technicians to find M. hominis through the negative Gram staining of specimens. Therefore, it is likely to miss detection in routine clinical smear etiological examination. M. hominis is generally considered to be a common colonizing bacterium in urogenital tract with low pathogenicity, and it is usually difficult to invade submucosal tissue and enter the bloodstream.
METHODS
The abscesses of the patient were examined histopathologically, and the pus in the abscesses was extracted for etiological examination. MALDI-TOF MS was used to identify and confirmed the pathogens in the specimens. The commercial Mycoplasma isolation, culture, and drug sensitivity kit was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility.
RESULTS
No pathogens were found after pathological and smear microscopic examination of the puncture fluid from the sacrococcygeal and pelvic abscesses. Until 48 h later, small, translucent, and gray-white colonies were observed in the blood plate culture results. The laboratory physician ultimately determined that the pathogen was M. hominis by MALDI-TOF MS.
CONCLUSION
We report a case of extra-urogenital cystic abscesses infected by M. hominis, in order to improve clinicians' comprehensive understanding of the pathogenicity of Mycoplasma. In addition, the clinical laboratory technician should pay attention to the role of Wright-Giemsa staining of puncture fluid smear in the preliminary detection and the application of MALDI-TOF MS in identification of uncommon pathogenic microorganisms.
Topics: Abscess; Bacteria; Blood Culture; Humans; Mycoplasma hominis; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 35285086
DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24329 -
European Journal of Clinical... Dec 2020The genital mycoplasmas are a unique group of inherently antibiotic-resistant sexually transmitted bacteria, often associated with non-gonococcal urethritis and...
The genital mycoplasmas are a unique group of inherently antibiotic-resistant sexually transmitted bacteria, often associated with non-gonococcal urethritis and bacterial vaginosis. The MYCO WELL D-ONE is a culture-based assay that aims to detect these organisms whilst concurrently screening them for antibiotic resistance. Urine and/or swabs from 856 informed and consented participants attending Welsh sexual health clinics were subjected to MYCO WELL D-ONE analysis, alongside qPCR and culture titration methodologies to determine sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy. Resistance was confirmed by CLSI-compliant susceptibility testing and genetic mechanisms determined. The MYCO WELL D-ONE displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 91.98% and 96.44% for the detection of Ureaplasma spp., with sensitivity and specificity values of 78.23% and 98.84% for Mycoplasma hominis, compared with qPCR. Swabs harboured significantly greater bacterial loads than urine samples for both Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis. Levofloxacin resistance rates, mediated by Ser83Leu mutation in ParC, for Ureaplasma spp. were 0.54%. Tetracycline resistance rates, mediated by tet(M), were 0.54% and 2% for Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis, respectively; sequence analysis of tet(M)-positive Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis strains isolated from a single individual confirmed separate resistance gene origins. The MYCO WELL D-ONE is a sensitive and specific assay for the detection of Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis in genitourinary medicine samples, facilitating the accurate detection of these organisms within low-technology environments. While good for antibiotic resistance screening, accurate confirmation by MIC determination or molecular methods are required, and more optimally performed on urine samples.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Levofloxacin; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Sexual Health; Tetracycline; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections; Wales
PubMed: 32725499
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-03993-7 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2012Previous studies have confirmed that the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) increases the risks of various diseases including genital...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have confirmed that the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) increases the risks of various diseases including genital infections in women. Hence, the surveillance policies for the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of UU and MH are important for both the prevention and the treatment of the diseases associated with genital mycoplasmas.
AIM
The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of UU and MH prevalence and its antimicrobial susceptibility in Chinese women with genital infection.
METHODS
By using commercial mycoplasma strips, we investigated the incidence and antimicrobial resistance of UU and MH in 3306 Chinese women with genital infection between January 2005 and December 2009 in Changzhou China.
RESULTS
(1) The overall positive incidence of genital mycoplasmas was 62.16%. The most common pattern was UU monoinfection (46.52%), the UU-MH coinfection pattern ranked second (13.91%) and MH monoinfection was lowest (1.71%). According to annual analysis, MH infection revealed an increasing trend between 2005 and 2009. However, a significantly higher infection rate by genital mycoplasmas was found in young women (age range: 16-35 years). (2) Overall, MH susceptibility rates remained high only to doxycycline (DOX), minocycline (MIN) and josamycin (JOS), while UU had high susceptibility rates only to DOX, MIN and clarithromycin (CLA). The resistance rates of UU-MH-mixed isolates to most of drugs were significantly higher than those of UU- or MH-single isolates.
CONCLUSIONS
High infection rates and severe drug resistances of genital mycoplasmas were found in Chinese women with genital infections. The laboratory screening and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for genital mycoplasmas is vital to treat the infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asian People; China; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma hominis; Prevalence; Reproductive Tract Infections; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Young Adult
PubMed: 22565456
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.95480 -
Iranian Journal of Parasitology 2021The present study aimed to determine genetic diversity of isolates with microsatellite markers in Turkey (Nov 2015 to 2016) and to create a web-based microsatellite...
BACKGROUND
The present study aimed to determine genetic diversity of isolates with microsatellite markers in Turkey (Nov 2015 to 2016) and to create a web-based microsatellite typing (MT) approach for the global interpretation of the data. In addition, the endosymbiosis of and virus (TVV) in the isolates was also examined.
METHODS
The allele sizes for each locus were calculated and microsatellite types were determined according to the allele profiles. The population structure was examined with Bayesian clustering method. A website (http://mttype.adu.edu.tr) was created for collection and sharing of microsatellite data. Presence of TVV and in isolates were investigated with electrophoresis and PCR.
RESULTS
Of 630 vaginal samples was detected in 30 (4.7%) and those were used for further analysis. The structure produced by a clustering algorithm revealed eight genetic groups. The typing of isolates according to microsatellites revealed 23 different microsatellite types. Three clones were determined among isolates (MT10 16.7%; MT18 10% and MT3 6.7%). The frequency of TVV and was 16.6% (n=5) and 20% (n=6), respectively.
CONCLUSION
Presence of three clones among 30 isolates indicated that microsatellite-based genotyping was efficient to determine the clonal distribution of isolates. Therefore, a promising tool might be developed further and adapted to the studies dealing with molecular epidemiology of . Microsatellite data from forthcoming studies will be deposited and presented on the website. In addition, we also presented the frequency of two endosymbionts in isolates for the first time in Turkey.
PubMed: 33786050
DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v16i1.5515 -
Journal of the Association of Medical... Jun 2019Head and neck masses are usually indicative of infectious, neoplastic, or congenital entities. Most head and neck masses are related to local or regional disease,...
Head and neck masses are usually indicative of infectious, neoplastic, or congenital entities. Most head and neck masses are related to local or regional disease, although systemic neoplastic disease can present in the cervical area. We present an interesting case report of a young woman with a neck mass caused by an organism most commonly associated with sexually transmitted infections, and not with the more common causes of cervical head and neck masses.
PubMed: 36337738
DOI: 10.3138/jammi.2018-0042 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health Jan 2024Several genital pathogens affect fertility. The study estimated the seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma hominis and identify...
Seroepidemiology of Treponema pallidum, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in fertility treatment-seeking patients in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
BACKGROUND
Several genital pathogens affect fertility. The study estimated the seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma hominis and identify specific factors associated with exposure to at least one of these pathogens in patients seeking fertility treatment in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
METHODS
A seroepidemiological survey was conducted in a major fertility clinic in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Serum samples were screened for eight immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA) against T. pallidum, U. urealyticum, and M. hominis using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Factors associated with seropositivity to at least one of the pathogens were investigated.
RESULTS
The study surveyed 308 patients seeking fertility treatment (mean age: 36.1 ± 6.8 years). Most patients were female (88.0%), 24.9% had at least one chronic comorbidity, 19.3% had a previous genital infection, and 68.1% had been diagnosed with infertility for ≥ 6 months. Ig seroprevalence of T. pallidum (IgG: 3.0%, IgM: 3.2%), U. urealyticum (IgG: 2.6%, IgM: 2.0%), and M. hominis (IgG: 33.9%) was 6.4%, 4.6%, and 49.0%, respectively. Nearly one quarter (23.0%) and one decile (9.2%) of the patients exhibited evidence of ongoing infection (IgM seropositivity) or recent infection (IgA seropositivity) with M. hominis, respectively. Overall, 53.0% of the patients were seropositive for at least one of the screened immunoglobulins. Patients with an education level of secondary schooling or below (66.2%) or those who were unemployed (61.1%) had a higher seroprevalence of IgG antibodies compared with patients with college or higher-level education (48.4%) or those who were employed (48.1%) (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Exposure to T. pallidum or U. urealyticum was relatively low, whereas that to M. hominis was common in the surveyed patients. Enhanced awareness and screening programmes for genital pathogens are crucial to prevent and control the transmission of infections and reduce the growing burden of infertility.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Male; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Mycoplasma hominis; United Arab Emirates; Treponema pallidum; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Infertility; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin M
PubMed: 38039859
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.11.019 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2016The symbiosis between the parasitic protist Trichomonas vaginalis and the opportunistic bacterium Mycoplasma hominis is the only one currently described involving two...
The symbiosis between the parasitic protist Trichomonas vaginalis and the opportunistic bacterium Mycoplasma hominis is the only one currently described involving two obligate human mucosal symbionts with pathogenic capabilities that can cause independent diseases in the same anatomical site: the lower urogenital tract. Although several aspects of this intriguing microbial partnership have been investigated, many questions on the influence of this symbiosis on the parasite pathobiology still remain unanswered. Here, we examined with in vitro cultures how M. hominis could influence the pathobiology of T. vaginalis by investigating the influence of M. hominis on parasite replication rate, haemolytic activity and ATP production. By comparing isogenic mycoplasma-free T. vaginalis and parasites stably associated with M. hominis we could demonstrate that the latter show a higher replication rate, increased haemolytic activity and are able to produce larger amounts of ATP. In addition, we demonstrated in a T. vaginalis-macrophage co-culture system that M. hominis could modulate an aspect of the innate immuno-response to T. vaginalis infections by influencing the production of nitric oxide (NO) by human macrophages, with the parasite-bacteria symbiosis outcompeting the human cells for the key substrate arginine. These results support a model in which the symbiosis between T. vaginalis and M. hominis influences host-microbes interactions to the benefit of both microbial partners during infections and to the detriment of their host.
PubMed: 27379081
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00953