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Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Jan 2014The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of Cerenkov luminescence (CL) imaging of patients undergoing diagnostic (18)F-FDG scans to detect nodal disease. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
UNLABELLED
The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of Cerenkov luminescence (CL) imaging of patients undergoing diagnostic (18)F-FDG scans to detect nodal disease.
METHODS
Patients undergoing routine (18)F-FDG PET/CT for various malignancies consented to being scanned for CL. White-light and Cerenkov images (5-min acquisition) of the surface of the patient contralateral to and at the site of nodal (18)F-FDG uptake were acquired using a cooled, intensified charge-coupled-device camera.
RESULTS
The camera demonstrated linear correlation between activity and counts into the low nanocurie range using (18)F-FDG. Imaging of patients revealed the presence of (18)F-FDG uptake in nodes that demonstrated uptake on PET. A correlation between maximum standardized uptake value from PET and counting rate per area on the CL imaging was established.
CONCLUSION
CL imaging with diagnostic doses of (18)F-FDG is feasible and can aid in detecting disease in the clinical setting.
Topics: Cohort Studies; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Luminescence; Male; Middle Aged; Multimodal Imaging; Optical Imaging; Photons; Pilot Projects; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24078721
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.127266 -
Journal of the American College of... Apr 2006An intravascular catheter was developed to identify inflammation in coronary atheroma. Inflammation in atheroma is associated with large numbers of macrophages. These...
An intravascular catheter was developed to identify inflammation in coronary atheroma. Inflammation in atheroma is associated with large numbers of macrophages. These cells have increased metabolism, increased expression of chemotactic receptors, and a high frequency of apoptosis-associated phosphatidylserine expression. Each of these parameters can be identified in vivo using specific radiolabeled agents: metabolism can be identified with 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), receptor expression with 99mTc monocyte chemotactic peptide-1, and apoptosis with 99mTc annexin V. The locally increased concentration of these tracers is readily demonstrable in experimental lesions by ex vivo autoradiography; however, the small lesion size makes it difficult to identify atheroma in the coronaries with conventional imaging equipment. In contrast, with a radiation-sensitive catheter, optimized to sense charged particle rather than gamma or x-radiation, specific lesions could be identified and localized. Charged particle radiation is emitted as a byproduct of nearly all radioactive decay but is typically most abundant in radionuclides that decay by beta emission (either positrons or negatrons). Prototype catheters, using a plastic scintillator mated to an optical fiber, have been tested in the laboratory with the positron-emitting radiopharmaceutical 18FDG. The catheter had sufficient sensitivity to detect lesions concentrating nanocurie concentrations of 18FDG. Ex vivo experiments in apo-e-/- mice confirmed the ability of the catheter to detect 18FDG in aortic lesions. These feasibility studies demonstrate the sensitivity of a beta-sensitive catheter system. Additional mechanical refinements are needed to optimize the system in anticipation of in vivo animal studies.
Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Catheterization; Coronary Artery Disease; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Radioactive Tracers; Radiology, Interventional; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 16631517
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.051 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Mar 1966Levels of strontium-90 and cesium-137 in Canadian milk during the period 1960-64 were consistently higher than those in the United States or the United Kingdom, but...
Levels of strontium-90 and cesium-137 in Canadian milk during the period 1960-64 were consistently higher than those in the United States or the United Kingdom, but levels in humans, while also higher, did not reflect the differences observed in milk. Annual dose rates of 27 millirads to bone and 4 millirads to the whole body correspond to the highest average concentrations of strontium-90 and cesium-137 so far observed. Levels of cesium-137 in the urine of residents of the Canadian North were found to increase with the increasing consumption of caribou or reindeer. Whole body counting of a few northern residents showed cesium-137 levels as high as 1000 nanocuries. It is concluded that protective actions are not needed but that studies in the North should be emphasized to provide a better basis for evaluating that particular situation.
Topics: Animals; Blood; Canada; Cattle; Cesium Isotopes; Food Contamination, Radioactive; Humans; Milk; Strontium Isotopes; Urine
PubMed: 5948368
DOI: No ID Found -
Plant Physiology Oct 1990Studies were conducted to determine the herbicidal site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Corsoy) (SB-M) and susceptible-cotton...
Studies were conducted to determine the herbicidal site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Corsoy) (SB-M) and susceptible-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum [L.] cv Stoneville 825) (COT-M) photomixotrophic cell suspension cultures. Although a 10 micromolar clomazone treatment did not significantly reduce the terpene or mixed terpenoid content (microgram per gram fresh weight) of the SB-M cell line, there was over a 70% reduction in the chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoid (CAR), and plastoquinone (PQ) content of the COT-M cell line. The tocopherol (TOC) content was reduced only 35.6%. Reductions in the levels of Chl, CAR, TOC, and PQ indicate that the site of clomazone action in COT-M cells is prior to geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). The clomazone treatment did not significantly reduce the flow of [(14)C]mevalonate ([(14)C]MEV) (nanocuries per gram fresh weight) into CAR and the three mixed terpenoid compounds of SB-M cells. Conversely, [(14)C]MEV incorporation into CAR and the terpene moieties of Chl, PQ, and TOC in COT-M cells was reduced at least 73%, indicating that the site of clomazone action must be after MEV. Sequestration of clomazone away from the chloroplast cannot account for soybean tolerance to clomazone since chloroplasts isolated from both cell lines incubated with [(14)C]clomazone contained a similar amount of radioactivity (disintegrations per minute per microgram of Chl). The possible site(s) of clomazone inhibition include mevalonate kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase, pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase, isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase, and/or a prenyl transferase.
PubMed: 16667768
DOI: 10.1104/pp.94.2.704 -
Plant Physiology Jun 1992The pathway of 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production and efflux was investigated in suspensions of mesophyll cells isolated from asparagus (Asparagus sprengeri Regel)...
The pathway of 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production and efflux was investigated in suspensions of mesophyll cells isolated from asparagus (Asparagus sprengeri Regel) cladophylls. Analysis of free amino acids demonstrated that, on a molar basis, GABA represented 11.4, 19, and 6.5% of the xylem sap, intact cladophyll tissue, and isolated mesophyll cells, respectively. l-Glu, a GABA precursor, was abundant in intact cladophylls and isolated cells but not in xylem sap. When cells were incubated with l-[U-(14)C]Glu, intracellular GABA contained less than 10% of the radioactivity found in intracellular Glu. However, GABA in the medium contained 78% of the radioactivity found in extracellular l-Glu metabolites. Incubation with l-[1-(14)C]Glu resulted in the appearance of unlabeled GABA, demonstrating its production through decarboxylation at carbon 1. GABA released to the medium from cells incubated with l-[U-(14)C]Glu had a specific activity of 18 nanocuries per nanomole, whereas GABA remaining in the cell had a specific activity of 2.25 x 10(-1) nanocuries per nanomole. In the presence of exogenous l-Glu, amino acid analysis and cell volume measurements indicated intracellular Ala and GABA concentrations of 4.2 and 1.4 millimolar, respectively. In the medium, however, the corresponding concentrations were 2 and 57 micromolar. The data indicate that l-Glu entering the cell is decarboxylated to GABA, and that specific and passive efflux is from this pool of recently synthesized GABA and not from a previously synthesized unlabeled pool of GABA.
PubMed: 16668937
DOI: 10.1104/pp.99.2.659 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Apr 1978A technique has been developed using a portable scintillation camera to monitor I-125 contamination of personnel. The procedure takes less than a minute to complete and...
A technique has been developed using a portable scintillation camera to monitor I-125 contamination of personnel. The procedure takes less than a minute to complete and can detect 3 nanocuries; its use minimizes dissemination of I-125 throughout the hospital, emphasizes safe iodination practices and proper handling of radioactive materials, and reduces radiation exposure by undetected contamination.
Topics: California; Hospital Departments; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Nuclear Medicine; Radiation Monitoring; Radioactive Pollutants
PubMed: 632935
DOI: No ID Found