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MMW Fortschritte Der Medizin Mar 2022
Review
Topics: Asthma; COVID-19; Humans; Naphazoline
PubMed: 35274248
DOI: 10.1007/s15006-022-0919-7 -
Insects Aug 2022The diamondback moth () is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests of cruciferous vegetables, and insights into regulation of its physiological processes...
The diamondback moth () is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests of cruciferous vegetables, and insights into regulation of its physiological processes contribute towards the development of new pesticides against it. Thus, we investigated the regulatory functions of its β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor (PxOctβ3). The open reading frame (ORF) of was phylogenetically analyzed, and the levels of expression of the receptor mRNA were determined. This ORF was also cloned and expressed in HEK-293 cells. A series of octopamine receptor agonists and antagonists were tested against PxOctβ3. We showed that the receptor is a member of the Octβ3 protein family, and an analysis using quantitative PCR showed that it was expressed at all developmental stages of . Octopamine activated PxOctβ3, resulting in increased levels of intracellular cAMP. Furthermore, the agonists naphazoline, clonidine, 2-phenethylamine, and amitraz activated the PxOctβ3 receptor, and naphazoline was the most effective. Only metoclopramide and mianserin had significant antagonistic effects on PxOctβ3, whereas yohimbine, phentolamine, and chlorpromazine lacked obvious antagonistic effects. The injection of double-stranded RNA in an RNA interference assay indicated that PxOctβ3 regulates development in . This study demonstrated the pharmacological properties and functions of PxOctβ3 in , thus, providing a theoretical basis for the design of pesticides that target octopamine receptors.
PubMed: 36005359
DOI: 10.3390/insects13080735 -
BMC Chemistry Apr 2022Impurity profiling of a pharmaceutical compound is now taking great attention during quality assessment of pharmaceuticals, as presence of small amount of impurities may...
Impurity profiling of a pharmaceutical compound is now taking great attention during quality assessment of pharmaceuticals, as presence of small amount of impurities may affect safety and efficacy. In this work, a novel TLC chromatographic method coupled with densitometric detection was established for the simultaneous quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate and three of their official impurities, namely; naphazoline impurity B, pheniramine impurities; A & B. Chromatographic separation was carried out on TLC aluminum silica plates F254, as a stationary phase, using methanol: ethyl acetate: 33.0% ammonia (2.0: 8.0: 1.0, by volume), as a mobile phase. Plates were examined at 260.0 nm and International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines were followed for method's validation. Important factors, such as; composition of mobile phase and detection wavelengths were optimized. Linearity was achieved over the ranges of 2.0-50.0 µg band for naphazoline, 10.0-110.0 µg band for pheniramine, 0.1-10.0 µg band for naphazoline impurity B and 2.0-50.0 µg band for both pheniramine impurities. The proposed method was assessed in terms of accuracy, precision and robustness where satisfactory results (recovery % ≈ 100% and RSD < 2) were obtained. The method was also applied for the simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl and pheniramine maleate, in Naphcon-A eye drops, with respective recoveries of 101.36% and 100.94%. Method greenness was evaluated and compared to the reported HPLC one via environmental, health and safety tool. The developed method has much potential over the reported one of being simple, selective, economic and time saving for the analysis of the five cited compounds.
PubMed: 35379288
DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00819-9 -
Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2017Naphazoline is a peripheral -adrenergic receptor agonist commonly used as a topical decongestant. In Japan, over-the-counter antiseptics often contain naphazoline to...
Naphazoline is a peripheral -adrenergic receptor agonist commonly used as a topical decongestant. In Japan, over-the-counter antiseptics often contain naphazoline to effect local hemostasis. We present the first case involving the development of hypercoagulopathy, with kidney and liver dysfunction, following a naphazoline overdose. A 22-year-old Japanese woman with a history of depression ingested 160 mL of a commercially available antiseptic containing 0.1% naphazoline. Three days later, she was brought to the emergency department because of general fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. Physical examination revealed cool, pale extremities. Laboratory data showed evidence of severe kidney and liver dysfunction (creatinine, 9.2 mg/dL; alanine aminotransferase, 2948 IU/L), hypercoagulation (D-dimers, 58.3 g/mL), and thrombocytopenia (platelet count, 90,000/L). After infusion of normal saline, intravenous administration of alprostadil, and hemodiafiltration, her organ function completely recovered. Because both the kidney and liver express -adrenergic receptors, their failure was likely associated with naphazoline overdose-induced hypoperfusion. The most plausible causes of hypercoagulation are peripheral low perfusion and subsequent microthrombus formation. This case illustrates that severe organ dysfunction can occur following over-the-counter antiseptic ingestion and serves as a caution for both drug manufacturers and healthcare professionals.
PubMed: 28555165
DOI: 10.1155/2017/3968045 -
RSC Advances Feb 2021A simple RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated, as per the ICH guidelines, for simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl (NPZ) & pheniramine maleate (PHN)...
A simple RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated, as per the ICH guidelines, for simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl (NPZ) & pheniramine maleate (PHN) along with three of their official impurities. Chromatographic separation was performed on a hypersil ODS column (5 mm, 250-4.6 mm i.d.) with isocratic elution using phosphate buffer pH 6.0: acetonitrile (70 : 30, v/v) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min and UV detection at 260.0 nm. The developed method was found to be linear over the concentration ranges of 5.00-45.00 μg mL for NPZ and NPZ impurity B and 10.00-110.00 μg mL, 10-70 μg mL and 10-120 μg mL for PHN, and PHN impurity A and B, respectively, with correlation coefficient values <0.999 for the five cited compounds. The method was confirmed to be accurate, robust and precise with RSD >2.0%. LOD and LOQ values for the five cited compounds were calculated. Moreover, the method was also validated in rabbit aqueous humor as per the US food and drug administration (FDA) bioanalytical validation guidelines. Finally, the proposed method was applied for the analysis of the two drugs along with their impurities in dosage form and spiked aqueous humor samples.
PubMed: 35423192
DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10598h -
Talanta May 2016In this work, a batch-injection analysis system with square-wave voltammetric (BIA-SWV) detection was applied for the first time to the simultaneous determination of...
In this work, a batch-injection analysis system with square-wave voltammetric (BIA-SWV) detection was applied for the first time to the simultaneous determination of inorganic (zinc) and organic (naphazoline) species. Both compounds were detected in a single run (70 injections h(-1)) with a small injection volume (∼100 µL). The calibration curves exhibited linear response range between 3.0 and 21.0 μmol L(-1) (r=0.999) for naphazoline and between 10.0 and 60.0 μmol L(-1) (r=0.992) for zinc. The detection limits were 0.13 and 0.04 μmol L(-1) for zinc and naphazoline, respectively. Good reproducibility was achieved for multiple measurements of a solution containing both species (RSD<1.0%; n=20). The results obtained with the BIA-SWV method for the simultaneous determination of naphazoline and zinc were compared to those obtained by HPLC (naphazoline) and by FAAS (zinc); no statistically significant differences were observed (95% confidence level).
PubMed: 26992525
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.031 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD 2019The displacement of the gingiva around the tooth allows proper access during preparation, precise impression taking, and cementation procedures that has a direct bearing...
CONTEXT
The displacement of the gingiva around the tooth allows proper access during preparation, precise impression taking, and cementation procedures that has a direct bearing on the health of the periodontium. Several methods and agents are used for this purpose.
AIMS
The primary aim of the study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of naphazoline as a gingival retraction agent. The secondary aim was to compare it with tetrahydrozoline and aluminum chloride.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Fifteen patients participated in a randomized crossover clinical trial at the Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Preliminary maxillary impressions were made with irreversible hydrocolloid for all patients to fabricate custom trays. After that, baseline impressions and cast for control group measurements were prepared. Gingival displacement was carried out in the right maxillary central incisor for all, with retraction cord soaked in three agents, either, aluminum chloride, tetrahydrozoline, or naphazoline. These agents were used in all patients with a washout period of 14 days. Elastomeric monophase impressions and die stone casts were recorded for each group. The central incisors were sectioned, and gingival retraction was measured using a measuring stereomicroscope.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
The gingival displacement was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni.
RESULTS
Naphazoline had the highest retraction (138.160 μm) followed by tetrahydrozoline (136.039 μm) and aluminum chloride (130.759 μm).
CONCLUSIONS
Naphazoline, tetrahydrozoline, and aluminum chloride show a clinically and statistically significant amount of displacement when compared to control. Among the three agents, naphazoline showed maximum displacement and maybe a good alternative with fewer side effects.
PubMed: 33088060
DOI: 10.4103/JCD.JCD_76_19 -
Integrated Pharmacy Research & Practice 2021Identifying the adverse reactions and the possible risks associated with the use of naphazoline 0.1% + hypromellose 0.5% (NAPH), thereby evaluating its tolerability and...
OBJECTIVE
Identifying the adverse reactions and the possible risks associated with the use of naphazoline 0.1% + hypromellose 0.5% (NAPH), thereby evaluating its tolerability and safety profile.
METHODS
A total of 236 Peruvian patients were included in an active pharmacovigilance study drug event monitoring consisting in 2 phone calls conducted in order to register adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the product's tolerability and to assess the risk concerning specific clinical and demographic characteristics using a binary logistic regression model.
RESULTS
A total of 54 ADRs (one per patient) were reported after the use of NAPH; classified (according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities) into two groups of System Organ Class (SOC): eye disorders and nervous system disorders; and four groups of preferred term (PT): eye irritation, vision blurred, eye pruritus and headache. All ADRs were expected, mild and not serious. No risk factors related to the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients were identified.
CONCLUSION
The low incidence of ADRs, their short recovery time, and their categorization as "mild" and "not serious" demonstrates the high tolerability in the studied population; therefore, according to the study, the safety profile for NAPH seems to be adequate, with a suitable tolerability.
PubMed: 34703789
DOI: 10.2147/IPRP.S332421