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Revista Latino-americana de Enfermagem Nov 2018to analyze the scientific production on obstetric violence by identifying and discussing its main characteristics in the routine care for the pregnant-puerperal cycle. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
to analyze the scientific production on obstetric violence by identifying and discussing its main characteristics in the routine care for the pregnant-puerperal cycle.
METHOD
integrative literature review of 24 publications indexed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, SciVerse Scopus, Web of Science and the Scientific Electronic Library Online and Virtual Health Library.
RESULTS
the publications are intensified from 2015 onwards and present methodological designs of quantitative and qualitative nature. In the discussion, we first address the concept of obstetric violence and its different forms of occurrence in care. Then, interfaces of the phenomenon are presented with reflections related to the conception of gender, the different actors involved, the institutionalization, and the invisibility and trivialization of the event. Finally, strategies to combat the problem are presented through academic training, women's awareness, proposals of social mobilization, and creation of public policies and laws.
CONCLUSION
obstetric violence portrays a violation of human rights and a serious public health problem and is revealed in the form of negligent, reckless, omissive, discriminatory and disrespectful acts practiced by health professionals and legitimized by the symbolic relations of power that naturalize and trivialize their occurrence.
Topics: Brazil; Delivery, Obstetric; Exposure to Violence; Female; Gender-Based Violence; Humans; Pregnancy; Professional-Patient Relations; Violence; Women's Rights; Workplace Violence
PubMed: 30517571
DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2450.3069 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences May 2020Aromatherapy as an alternative and complementary medicine is a well-known method for reducing the symptoms of various physiological processes such as labor experience....
BACKGROUND
Aromatherapy as an alternative and complementary medicine is a well-known method for reducing the symptoms of various physiological processes such as labor experience. The aim of this study was to systematically review the currently available evidences evaluating the use of aromatherapy for management of labor pain and anxiety.
METHODS
In a systematic review, 5 databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scientific Information Database [SID]) were searched, from database inception up to December 2019. Keywords used included (aromatherapy OR ""essential oil" OR "aroma*") AND (pain OR anxiety) AND (labor OR delivery). Using the Cochrane Collaboration's 'Risk of bias' method; the risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated.
RESULTS
A total of 33 studies were verified to meet our inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies were conducted in Iran. Aromatherapy was applied using inhalation, massage, footbath, birthing pool, acupressure, and compress. The most popularly used essential oil in the studies was lavender (13 studies), either as a single essential oil or in a combination with other essential oils. Most of included studies confirmed the positive effect of aromatherapy in reducing labor pain and anxiety.
CONCLUSION
The evidences from this study suggest that aromatherapy, as a complementary and alternative modality, can help in relieving maternal anxiety and pain during labor.
Topics: Anxiety; Aromatherapy; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pain Management; Pregnancy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32874088
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i3.16 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2020The decentralization of health systems can have direct repercussions on maternity care. Some inequalities can be noted in outcomes, like neonatal and child mortality in...
The decentralization of health systems can have direct repercussions on maternity care. Some inequalities can be noted in outcomes, like neonatal and child mortality in Spain. This study aimed to make the presence of obstetric violence in Spain visible as an interterritorial equity criterion. A descriptive, restrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2019. The sample comprised 17,541 questionnaires, which represented all Spanish Autonomous Communities. Of our sample, 38.3% perceived having suffered obstetric violence; 44.4% perceived that they had undergone unnecessary and/or painful procedures, of whom 83.4% were not requested to provide informed consent. The mean satisfaction with the attention women received obtained 6.94 points in the general sample and 4.85 points for those women who viewed themselves as victims of obstetric violence. Spain seems to have a serious problem with public health and respecting human rights in obstetric violence. Offering information to women and requesting their informed consent are barely practiced in the healthcare system, so it is necessary to profoundly reflect on obstetric practices with, and request informed consent from, women in Spain.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Informed Consent; Maternal Health Services; Perception; Pregnancy; Spain; Violence
PubMed: 33105788
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217726 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Feb 2021Labor pain during childbirth can have devastating effects on the progress of labor, mother, and fetus. Consequently, the management of labor pain is crucial for the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Labor pain during childbirth can have devastating effects on the progress of labor, mother, and fetus. Consequently, the management of labor pain is crucial for the well-being of the mother and fetus. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non -pharmacological analgesic technique. It uses a low-voltage electrical current to activate descending inhibitory systems in the central nervous system to relieve pain. This study aimed to determine the effects of TENS therapy in the first stage of labor.
METHODS
In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, we screened low-risk pregnant women who anticipated spontaneous vaginal delivery. Women were assigned (1:1) to either the experimental group (received TENS therapy in the first stage of labor) or the control group (received routine obstetric care). The women, midwives, and researchers working in the gynecology and obstetric department were aware of the treatment group, but statisticians analysis the data were blinded. The primary outcome was labor pain intensity, assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) immediately after the randomization, at 30, 60, and 120 min after TENS therapy, and 2-24 h post-delivery. We used SPSS 21.0 software in data analysis. An independent sample t-test compared the mean VAS scores and labor duration between groups. A Chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables between the groups. A significant level of ≤0.05 was statistically significant.
RESULTS
A total of 326 pregnant women were eligible: experimental group (n = 161) and control group (n = 165). The experimental group had statistically significantly lower mean VAS scores at a different time (30, 60, and 120 min post-intervention and 2-24 h post-delivery) than the control group (p < 0.001). The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant shorter duration of the active labor phase than the control group (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study indicates that TENS can be used as a non-pharmacological therapy to reduce pain and shorten the active labor phase.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN23857995 . Registered on 11/12/2020, 'retrospectively registered.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Pregnancy; Single-Blind Method; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
PubMed: 33627077
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03625-8 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2019Although identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health priority, maternal mental health does not receive much attention even in the health systems...
Although identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health priority, maternal mental health does not receive much attention even in the health systems of developed countries. With pregnancy monitoring protocols placing priority on the physical health of the mother, there is a paucity of literature documenting the traumatising effects of the birth process. To address this knowledge gap, this qualitative descriptive study aimed to investigate women perceptions of living a traumatic childbirth experience and the factors related to it. Qualitative data, collected via semi-structured interviews with 32 participants recruited from parent support groups and social media in Spain, were analyzed through a six-phase inductive thematic analysis. Data analysis revealed five major themes-"Birth Plan Compliance", "Obstetric Problems", "Mother-Infant Bond", "Emotional Wounds" and "Perinatal Experiences"-and 13 subthemes. The majority of responses mentioned feelings of being un/misinformed by healthcare personnel, being disrespected and objectified, lack of support, and various problems during childbirth and postpartum. Fear, loneliness, traumatic stress, and depression were recurrent themes in participants' responses. As the actions of healthcare personnel can substantially impact a birth experience, the study findings strongly suggest the need for proper policies, procedures, training, and support to minimise negative consequences of childbirth.
Topics: Adult; Delivery, Obstetric; Fear; Female; Humans; Mothers; Parturition; Pregnancy; Qualitative Research; Spain
PubMed: 31085980
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091654 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Dec 2021Recent evidence suggests that strengthening surgical care within existing health systems will strengthen the overall health-care system. However, Nigeria's national...
Recent evidence suggests that strengthening surgical care within existing health systems will strengthen the overall health-care system. However, Nigeria's national strategic health development plan 2018-2022 placed little emphasis on surgical care. To address the gap, we worked with professional societies and other partners to develop the national surgical, obstetric, anaesthesia and nursing plan 2019-2023. The aim was to foster actions to prioritize surgical care for the achievement of universal health coverage. In addition to creating a costed strategy to strengthen surgical care, the plan included children's surgery and nursing: two key aspects that have been neglected in other national surgical plans. Pilot implementation of the plan began in 2020, supported by a nongovernmental organization with experience in surgical care in the region. We have created specific entry points to facilitate the pilot implementation. In the pilot, an electronic surgery registry has been created; personnel are being trained in life support; nurses are being trained in safe perioperative care; biomedical technicians and sterile supplies nurses are being trained in surgical instrument repair and maintenance; and research capacity is being strengthened. In addition, the mainstream media are being mobilized to improve awareness about the plan among policy-makers and the general population. Another development partner is interested in providing support for paediatric surgery, and a children's hospital is being planned. As funding is a key challenge to full implementation, we need innovative domestic funding strategies to support and sustain implementation.
Topics: Anesthesia; Child; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Health Planning; Humans; Nigeria; Pregnancy; Universal Health Insurance
PubMed: 34866684
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.20.280297 -
Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem 2020Describing the trajectory and constitution of Obstetric Nursing in seven decades of existence of the Nursing School of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul...
OBJECTIVE
Describing the trajectory and constitution of Obstetric Nursing in seven decades of existence of the Nursing School of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (EENFUFRGS).
METHODS
Theoretical and reflexive study based on documents and author experience. Data analysis was based on Michael Foucault's theoretical framework.
RESULTS
Analysis identified knowledge and forces that structured and characterized the Arena I: the creation of EENFUFRGS; the Arena II: Obstetric Nursing in graduation; the Arena III: Obstetric Nurses formation, and Arena IV: we are not alone!, highlight the importance of EENFUFRGS in its relationship with other entities. Final considerations: During the 70 years of EENFUFRGS existence, it maintains the vitality of a solid institution in its principles coupled with a youthful in disposition, facing necessary challenges to guarantee quality teaching and practice of Obstetric Nursing.
Topics: Brazil; Education, Nursing; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Obstetric Nursing
PubMed: 32401862
DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190142 -
Revista Latino-americana de Enfermagem Nov 2021
Topics: Brazil; Female; Humans; Obstetric Nursing; Pregnancy
PubMed: 34816879
DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.0000.3510 -
Revista Da Escola de Enfermagem Da U S P 2020To characterize ethnographic research in the area of obstetric nursing regarding its theoretical, methodological and analytical aspects. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To characterize ethnographic research in the area of obstetric nursing regarding its theoretical, methodological and analytical aspects.
METHOD
An integrative review performed in the MEDLINE®, LILACS, BDENF and CINAHL databases, as well as the SciELO virtual library.
RESULTS
Thirty (30) articles formed the analytical corpus after screening and reading the primary references in full. The most used methods were ethno-nursing, ethnography and institutional ethnography; the immersion time in the field ranged from 12 visits to 48 months occurring in institutional contexts. The main data collection techniques were observation, individual interviews and training guides for ethno-nursing. The data were organized as themes and subthemes, analyzed through the ethno-nursing analysis guide, implementing the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care as theoretical reference.
CONCLUSION
Ethnographic studies in the area of obstetric nursing are within the scope of microethnographies and are operationalized based on theoretical-methodological nursing references, being useful to analyze the complexity of phenomena involving obstetric nursing care, and focusing on the etic (professional) and emic (women) perspectives.
Topics: Anthropology, Cultural; Female; Humans; Nursing Research; Obstetric Nursing; Pregnancy; Research Design
PubMed: 32236347
DOI: 10.1590/S1980-220X2018034203547 -
Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem 2022To build and validate an instrument to assess nursing knowledge about obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest.
OBJECTIVE
To build and validate an instrument to assess nursing knowledge about obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest.
METHODS
A methodological study consisting of the construction of the instrument, content validation by 23 experts and validation of internal consistency with 74 nursing professionals and 99 nursing students. Items with a minimum agreement of 90%, verified from the Content Validation Index, Content Validity Ratio and binomial test were considered valid. Cronbach's alpha was used to verify internal consistencyand a value greater than 0.6 was classified as acceptable.
RESULTS
The instrument consisted of 16 multiple-choice questions, from the 16 items evaluated, eight had 100% agreement by the experts and six had 95%. The lowest content validity ratio was 0.82 and Cronbach's alpha was 0.694.
CONCLUSIONS
The instrument was constructed and validated, and its use is recommended to assess knowledge in obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Students, Nursing; Heart Arrest; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36383827
DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20220024.en