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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022Phytocosmetic is an important aspect of traditional medicine in several cultures. Researchers are now focusing to find new and effective ingredients of natural origin....
Phytocosmetic is an important aspect of traditional medicine in several cultures. Researchers are now focusing to find new and effective ingredients of natural origin. Propolis is a natural beehive product extensively used in traditional medicine. We aimed in the present study to investigate the potential use of propolis as an aesthetic and phytotherapeutic constituent in phytocosmetics. Propolis was extracted using 80% ethanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined calorimetrically. Free radical scavenging ability and reducing capacity were evaluated using four assays and expressed as IC values. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on 11 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The wound healing activity of 30% ethanolic extract and propolis ointment was studied using excision wounds in the anterio-dorsal side of the rats. The phenolic acid composition of the tested propolis was investigated using UFLC/MS-MS analysis. The tested propolis was rich in phenolic and flavonoid content and demonstrated an interesting antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Wounds treated with propolis appear to display a lesser degree of inflammation. Chemical analysis led to the identification of 11 phenolics. Among them, five are considered as main compounds: Chlorogenic acid (48.79 ± 5.01 ng/mL), Gallic acid (44.25 ± 6.40 ng/mL), Rutin (21.12 ± 3.57 ng/mL), Caffeic acid (28.19 ± 4.95 ng/mL), and trans-cinnamic acid (20.10 ± 6.51 ng/mL). Our results indicated that propolis can not only be used as a cosmetic ingredient but also be used as a preventative and curative constituent, which might be used as a barrier when applied externally on infected and non-infected skin.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Chlorogenic Acid; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Free Radicals; Gallic Acid; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Ointments; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Propolis; Rats; Rutin
PubMed: 36144568
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185833 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2010Vitiligo is a psychologically devastating condition. Topical therapy is employed as first-line treatment in localized vitiligo. Currently, several topical agents are... (Review)
Review
Vitiligo is a psychologically devastating condition. Topical therapy is employed as first-line treatment in localized vitiligo. Currently, several topical agents are available in many forms viz. methoxsalen (solution and cream), trioxsalen (solution), corticosteroids (gel, cream, ointment and solution) and calcineurin inhibitors (ointment and cream). Although topical therapy has an important position in vitiligo treatment, side-effects or poor efficacy affect their utility and patient compliance. Novel drug delivery strategies can play a pivotal role in improving the topical delivery of various drugs by enhancing their epidermal localization with a concomitant reduction in their side-effects and improving their effectiveness. The current review emphasizes the potential of various phospholipid based carriers viz. liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, lipid emulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles and organogels in optimizing and enhancing the topical delivery of anti-vitiligo agents, whilst reducing the side effects of drugs commonly used in its topical treatment.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Ointments; Vitiligo
PubMed: 20445292
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.62961 -
BioMed Research International 2021Antiseptic wound ointments are widely used to treat dermal wounds that are microbially contaminated. Polygalacturonic acid (PG)+caprylic acid (CAP) is a novel...
Antiseptic wound ointments are widely used to treat dermal wounds that are microbially contaminated. Polygalacturonic acid (PG)+caprylic acid (CAP) is a novel combination that has been shown to eradicate biofilms. We developed a novel PG+CAP ointment and compared the biofilm eradication capability and cytotoxicity of PG+CAP with that of commercially available antiseptic wound ointments. We used a well-established biofilm model to quantitatively assess the eradication of organisms following exposure to the wound ointments for 2 hours. PG+CAP ointment completely eradicated , multidrug-resistant , and methicillin-resistant biofilms, whereas MediHoney, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) ointments failed to eradicate all biofilms within 2 hours. We assessed cytotoxicity by exposing L-929 fibroblasts to extracts of each ointment; Trypan blue exclusion was used to assess cell viability, and Alamar blue conversion was used to assess metabolic function. After exposure to PG+CAP and MediHoney, fibroblast viability was 96.23% and 95.23%, respectively (Trypan blue), and was comparable to untreated cells (98.77%). PHMB and BZK showed reduced viability (83.25% and 77.83%, respectively, < 0.05). Metabolic activity results followed a similar pattern. Cytotoxicity of PG+CAP ointment towards erythrocytes was comparable to saline. PG+CAP ointment seems to be safe and can rapidly eradicate microbial biofilm; thus, PG+CAP ointment merits further in vivo testing as a potential antimicrobial wound ointment.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Biofilms; Candida albicans; Caprylates; Cell Line; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mice; Ointments; Pectins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 33708989
DOI: 10.1155/2021/2710484 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Apr 2023Yuhong ointment (YHO) is famous for its efficacy in clearing away heat and dampness, reducing swelling and relieving pain, and it has been used for more than 600 years....
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Yuhong ointment (YHO) is famous for its efficacy in clearing away heat and dampness, reducing swelling and relieving pain, and it has been used for more than 600 years. Scalding damages the skin's defense function, resulting in a large number of necrotic tissues and cells on the wound surface, which favors bacterial growth and inflammation. If the inflammation reaction is not controlled on time, it may lead to reduced immunity and cause complications such as infection. Yuhong ointment can promote wound healing in scalded mice, but its potential pharmacological mechanism is still unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY
This study focused on identifying the active ingredients of YHO and on investigating the performance of YHO in terms of anti-inflammatory activity and scald wound healing activity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) were performed to identify the active ingredients of YHO. The performance of transdermal delivery of YHO was studied via HPLC for analyzing the ingredients of the exposed skin liquid of mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis, immunohistochemistry, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory and scald wound healing activity of YHO.
RESULTS
A total of 41 components of YHO were identified via HPLC and HPLC-MS for the first time. In the transdermal delivery experiment, the cumulative amounts of chlorogenic acid, sesamol, ferulic acid, and L-shikonin were calculated to be 342.28, 567.89, 384.54, and 528.67 μg/cm, respectively. Pharmacological activity experiments indicated that these four kinds of drugs exhibited different degrees of therapeutic effects on scald. Specifically, YHO high-dose (YHO-H) group showed better therapeutic ability (P < 0.01) than FN and MB group. Furthermore, the immune function of the YHO group was enhanced due to the continuous increment of the levels of Hydroxyproline (HYP), Immunoglobulin G (IgG), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and simultaneous decrement of the levels of TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-10, and IL-6 in the skin wound. Histological results showed that the thickening of skin tissue was alleviated after treatment with YHO. Moreover, the expression of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) was inhibited, and the expression of VEGF was promoted by YHO (P < 0.01). The qRT-PCR test results indicated that the YHO group exhibited better inhibitory effect on interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and Smad-3 mRNA expression levels than the other groups.
CONCLUSIONS
In this work, the active ingredients of YHO were identified via HPLC and HPLC-MS analysis. Importantly, YHO showed great advantages in transdermal delivery and scald wound healing, which can be attributed to the both anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration mechanisms. Therefore, this work not only identified the active ingredients of YHO but also revealed the potential pharmacological mechanism of YHO for the healing of scald.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Interleukin-10; Ointments; Interleukin-6; Wound Healing; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Inflammation; Burns
PubMed: 36642153
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116118 -
Medicine Nov 2022Psoriasis is a kind of chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, skin hyperplasia, scales and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Psoriasis Vulgaris, the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Psoriasis is a kind of chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, skin hyperplasia, scales and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Psoriasis Vulgaris, the most common kind of psoriasis, severely deteriorates the life quality of patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a good choice for the treatment of psoriasis, which has been proved to be safe and effective, and may reduce the recurrence rate. In clinical practice, Liangxue Jiedu Runzhi (LJR) ointment can effectively treat mild and moderate psoriasis with blood-heat syndrome, but there is a lack of evidence-based medical evidence. This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LJR ointment for the treatment of mild and moderate psoriasis with blood-heat syndrome.
METHODS
A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and self-controlled clinical trial was carried out according to this paper. The symmetrical rashes of each subject were regarded as the target lesions and were randomly divided into a treatment group (LJR ointment group) and a control group (placebo group). The LJR ointment or placebo ointment were externally administered on bilateral symmetric rashes, twice a day for eight weeks. The follow-up examination was made for subjects every two weeks. The primary research finding was conveyed by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) in 8 weeks. The secondary research finding includes adverse events.
RESULTS
46 subjects undergo this research project. The difference between PASI scores of the target lesions in the treatment group and control group is statistically significant were in 8 weeks (P < .001). The percentage of PASI 75 in treatment group and control group were 48% and 15% in week 8, respectively (x2 = 11.33, P < .05). No severe adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
LJR ointment was proved to have efficacy in the treatment of mild and moderate psoriasis with the blood-heat syndrome.
Topics: Humans; Ointments; Hyperplasia; Hot Temperature; Psoriasis; Double-Blind Method; Syndrome
PubMed: 36397446
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031784 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia Apr 2016Thus far, several small studies and case reports on the use of topical immunomodulators in vitiligo have been published. We undertook a comprehensive literature review,... (Review)
Review
Thus far, several small studies and case reports on the use of topical immunomodulators in vitiligo have been published. We undertook a comprehensive literature review, searching for studies evaluating clinical response to tacrolimus topical therapy for vitiligo. A search was performed on PubMed/Medline using the term "vitiligo", combined with "topical" and "ointment". Our inclusion criteria were: use of tacrolimus ointment as monotherapy to treat vitiligo. We found 29 studies from 2002 to 2014. Overall, 709 patients were treated in 29 studies. Pooling the lesions, 50% repigmentation of vitiligo patches was never achieved before 2 months of treatment, with a peak after 6 months of therapy. The best results were obtained on lesions of the cephalic region, especially the face, with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment two times daily. The percentage of non-responsive patients ranged from 0% to 14%. Treatment was generally well-tolerated; only localized adverse effects were reported. Our objective was to verify the effectiveness and safety of tacrolimus ointment monotherapy. It has good efficacy and tolerability. At present, only small trials and case series are available in the literature. Further, standardized investigations on a larger number of patients are needed.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Ointments; Reproducibility of Results; Skin Pigmentation; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome; Vitiligo
PubMed: 27192518
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20164012 -
Allergology International : Official... Jan 2024Delgocitinib ointment, a topical Janus kinase inhibitor, is used as treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged ≥2 years in Japan. Although initiating...
BACKGROUND
Delgocitinib ointment, a topical Janus kinase inhibitor, is used as treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged ≥2 years in Japan. Although initiating appropriate and early treatment upon the onset of AD in childhood is important, the safety and efficacy of delgocitinib ointment in infants with AD have not been established.
METHODS
This phase 3 study was conducted from October 2020 to June 2022 (number JapicCTI-205412). Eligible Japanese infants with AD aged 6 to <24 months received 0.25% or 0.5% of delgocitinib ointment twice daily for 52 weeks in an open-label uncontrolled manner. Topical corticosteroids were allowed to apply for worsening AD during the treatment period at the investigators' discretion.
RESULTS
A total of 22 infants were enrolled. Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 21 (95.5%) infants and were mostly mild. No treatment-related AEs were reported. The Modified Eczema Area and Severity Index (mEASI) score continuously decreased until week 4, and the score reduction was maintained until week 52. The mean percent changes in the mEASI score from baseline were -73.5% at week 4, -81.7% at week 28, and -81.9% at week 52. Delgocitinib was not detected in the plasma of most infants (68.2%-95.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
Delgocitinib ointment is well tolerated and effective for up to 52 weeks when applied to Japanese infants with AD.
Topics: Infant; Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Ointments; Treatment Outcome; Pyrroles; Double-Blind Method
PubMed: 37100717
DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.04.003 -
JAMA Dermatology Feb 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) and plaque psoriasis are inflammatory skin diseases with unmet need for effective topical treatments with few application site reactions. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and plaque psoriasis are inflammatory skin diseases with unmet need for effective topical treatments with few application site reactions.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of the topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor PF-07038124 in patients with AD and plaque psoriasis.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This phase 2a, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted from December 21, 2020, to August 18, 2021, at 34 sites across 4 countries. Eligible patients (aged 18-70 years) had mild to moderate AD (covering 5%-20% body surface area) or plaque psoriasis (covering 5%-15% body surface area). Data were analyzed until December 15, 2021.
INTERVENTIONS
Patients were randomized (1:1) to PF-07038124, 0.01%, topical ointment or vehicle once daily for 6 weeks.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary end point was the percent change from baseline (CFB) in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total score among patients with AD and in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score among patients with plaque psoriasis at week 6. Safety measures included treatment-emergent adverse events, including application site reactions.
RESULTS
Overall, 104 patients were randomized (mean [SD] age, 43.0 [15.4] years; 55 [52.9%] women; 4 [3.8%] Asian, 13 [12.5%] Black, and 87 [83.7%] White), including 70 with AD (41 women [58.6%]; mean [SD] ages, 41.4 [16.6] years in the PF-07038124 group and 36.1 [13.9] years in the vehicle group) and 34 with plaque psoriasis (20 men [58.8%]; mean [SD] ages, 51.8 [12.3] years in the PF-07038124 group and 51.2 [10.8] years in the vehicle group). Baseline characteristics were generally balanced. At week 6, the PF-07038124 groups showed significantly greater improvements compared with vehicle groups in EASI (least-squares mean CFB, -74.9% vs -35.5%; difference, -39.4% [90% CI, -58.8% to -20.1%]; P < .001) and PASI scores (CFB, -4.8 vs 0.1; difference, -4.9 [90% CI, -7.0 to -2.8]; P < .001). The number of patients with treatment-emergent adverse events was comparable between treatment groups in patients with AD (PF-07038124, 9 [25.0%]; vehicle, 9 [26.5%]) and plaque psoriasis (PF-07038124, 3 [17.6%]; vehicle, 6 [35.3%]). There were no application site reactions with PF-07038124 treatment.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Topical PF-07038124 was well tolerated and demonstrated superior efficacy compared with vehicle in patients with mild to moderate AD and plaque psoriasis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04664153.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Dermatitis, Atopic; Double-Blind Method; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome; Ointments; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 38117526
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4990 -
Homeopathy : the Journal of the Faculty... Nov 2022Myiasis by (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a serious problem in animal health in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Ointment-type preparations are a good option of...
BACKGROUND
Myiasis by (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a serious problem in animal health in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Ointment-type preparations are a good option of formulation in cases of myiasis in farm and pet animals. and have already shown efficacy on . This article describes an experiment to test the inhibition of development from exposing larvae of to two homeopathic ointments (prepared individually with or ).
METHODS
The homeopathic ointments were produced by mixing sterile lanolin, tocopherol and homeopathic medicine on a hydroalcoholic basis according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. Larvae were obtained from naturally occurring myiases in sheep (wild larvae) or from a laboratory colony. The test consisted of exposing a group of 10 third-stage wild larvae in contact with or ointment, or a group of 15 laboratory-propagated larvae in contact with the alcoholic vehicle of the ointment or homeopathic medicines prepared in sterile water ( or ), and observing the effect on the development, longevity and fertility of the blow-fly specimens.
RESULTS
The larval inhibition rate was 90.0% for the ointment group and was 86.0% for the ointment group. The non-alcoholic vehicle and the alcoholic vehicle inhibited the development of 24.0% and 22.08% of the larvae respectively. prepared in sterile water inhibited the development of 74.67% and in sterile water inhibited 73.33% of larvae. Specimens that survived contact with homeopathic ointments had their longevity decreased and did not reproduce.
CONCLUSION
Ointments of or were able to inhibit the development of larvae. The ointment vehicle was harmless.
Topics: Animals; Sheep; Diptera; Calliphoridae; Larva; Ointments; Homeopathy; Myiasis; Sulfur; Materia Medica; Water
PubMed: 35259770
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739395 -
Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2023To compare the protective effect of nitroglycerin ointment 2% and Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in dorsal flaps of the rat.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the protective effect of nitroglycerin ointment 2% and Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in dorsal flaps of the rat.
METHODS
A blind, experimental study was conducted in 24 male Wistar rats, with a mean weight of 320 (286-376) grams. Group 1: Control. Petrolatum jelly (Vaseline), n = 8, Group 2: Nitroglycerin (NTG) ointment 2% (Nitro-Bid, Altana Co.) n = 8, and Group 3: DMSO gel 90% (Neogen corp. Lexington KY, 40611), n = 8.
RESULTS
A total of 24 rats were operated on in the 6-month period of this study. Using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test analysis, a statistically significant p was obtained between the control group and 2% NTG ointment, both in the area of necrosis and in the healthy area (p = 0.026). In contrast, the comparison between DMSO [CH3) 2SO] and the control group (p = 0.180) and between both study groups, with a p = 0.18, was not significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study concluded that there is a protective effect of 2% NTG ointment for flap survival in relation to the control group (petrolatum). DMSO administered topically did not show a protective effect, compared to the control group.
Topics: Rats; Male; Animals; Nitroglycerin; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Ointments; Rats, Wistar; Necrosis; Petrolatum
PubMed: 37844881
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.22000203