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The Journal of Hospital Infection Jun 2020The effect of alcohol hand rub was tested in eradicating Escherichia coli, and compared with hand wash using ozonized tap water or soap and water. Alcohol eradicated all... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The effect of alcohol hand rub was tested in eradicating Escherichia coli, and compared with hand wash using ozonized tap water or soap and water. Alcohol eradicated all bacteria in 10 out of 35 participants, but with an average (SD) of 2330 (4227) cfu/mL left after disinfection, whereas ozonized water removed all bacteria in 10 out of 55 participants, with an average of only 538 (801) cfu/mL left (P = 0.045). Soap washing was the most effective with total removal of bacteria in six out of 20 participants, with an average of 98 (139) cfu/mL (P = 0.048 and 0.018 versus ozonized water and alcohol, respectively).
Topics: 2-Propanol; Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Colony Count, Microbial; Disinfectants; Ethanol; Female; Hand Disinfection; Hand Sanitizers; Health Personnel; Humans; Infection Control; Male; Middle Aged; Ozone; Soaps; Water; Young Adult
PubMed: 32229145
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.014 -
Chemical Research in Toxicology Jul 2017From 1999-2014, obesity prevalence increased among adults and youth. Obese individuals may be uniquely susceptible to the proinflammatory effects of ozone because obese... (Review)
Review
From 1999-2014, obesity prevalence increased among adults and youth. Obese individuals may be uniquely susceptible to the proinflammatory effects of ozone because obese humans and animals have been shown to experience a greater decline in lung function than normal-weight subjects. Obesity is independently associated with limitations in lung mechanics with increased ozone dose. However, few epidemiologic studies have examined the interaction between excess weight and ozone exposure among adults. Using PubMed keyword searches and reference lists, we reviewed epidemiologic evidence to identify potential response-modifying factors and determine if obese or overweight adults are at increased risk of ozone-related health effects. We initially identified 170 studies, of which seven studies met the criteria of examining the interaction of excess weight and ozone exposure on cardiopulmonary outcomes in adults, including four short-term ozone exposure studies in controlled laboratory settings and three community epidemiologic studies. In the studies identified, obesity was associated with decreased lung function and increased inflammatory mediators. Results were inconclusive about the effect modification when data were stratified by sex. Obese and overweight populations should be considered as candidate at-risk groups for epidemiologic studies of cardiopulmonary health related to air pollution exposures. Air pollution is a modifiable risk factor that may decrease lung function among obese individuals with implications for environmental and occupational health policy.
Topics: Air Pollutants; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Lung; Obesity; Ozone
PubMed: 28574698
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00077 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022As a complementary, adjuvant or palliative cure, ozone therapy has increasingly been used globally on a wide variety of diseases [...].
As a complementary, adjuvant or palliative cure, ozone therapy has increasingly been used globally on a wide variety of diseases [...].
Topics: Ozone
PubMed: 36293438
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012586 -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Feb 2018Ozone was discovered in the mid-nineteenth century and is proven to have many therapeutic effects, including its common application as a disinfectant to kill... (Review)
Review
Ozone was discovered in the mid-nineteenth century and is proven to have many therapeutic effects, including its common application as a disinfectant to kill microorganisms in various conditions. Ozone therapies have been utilized for various purposes ever since it was discovered. Extensive studies over a century have verified its therapeutic effects, consistency, and safety with minimal and preventable side effects in medical care. Emerging evidence revealed that ozone also plays important roles in the management and prevention of various skin disorders including infectious skin diseases, skin related allergic diseases, erythema scaly diseases, wound healing and ulcer recovery. Herein, the author now summarizes the recent clinical applications of ozone therapy in dermatology and provide commentary on what we have learned in our practice. Our focuses are the efficacy and safety of ozone therapies as well as the application prospects of ozone on various skin disorders. In addition, the author discusses the potential mechanisms involved in ozone therapy and the efforts we should make for.
Topics: Humans; Ozone; Skin Diseases; Skin Ulcer; Wound Healing
PubMed: 29559592
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2018.02.002 -
Journal of the Formosan Medical... Jan 2015The purpose of this article was to assess the effectiveness of ozone therapy in the management and prevention of caries, reviewing clinical and in vitro studies. Ozone... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this article was to assess the effectiveness of ozone therapy in the management and prevention of caries, reviewing clinical and in vitro studies. Ozone has proven to be effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In dentistry, most of the published articles are based on ozone's antimicrobial effects and the treatment of caries. Most of the clinical studies reported ozone to be a promising alternative to conventional methods for caries management. However, a few studies have shown ozone to be insufficient for preventing caries and reducing microorganisms in open occlusal carious lesions. Ozone might be a useful tool to reduce and control oral infectious microorganisms in dental plaque and dental cavity. However, the results of in vitro studies are controversial; while some researchers reported that ozone therapy had a minimal or no effect on the viability of microorganisms, others suggested ozone to be highly effective in killing both gram-positive and gram-negative oral microorganisms. Therefore, more evidence is required before ozone can be accepted as an alternative to present methods for the management and prevention of caries.
Topics: Dental Caries; Dentistry; Humans; Oxidants, Photochemical; Ozone
PubMed: 23969041
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.06.020 -
Medical Gas Research 2022Atmospheric ozone is produced when nitrogen oxides react with volatile organic compounds. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome contains a... (Review)
Review
Atmospheric ozone is produced when nitrogen oxides react with volatile organic compounds. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome contains a unique N-terminal fragment in the Spike protein, which allows it to bind to air pollutants in the environment. 'Our approach in this review is to study ozone and its effect on the SARS-CoV-2 virus and patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Article data were collected from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Ozone therapy has antiviral properties, improves blood flow, facilitates the transfer of oxygen in hypoxemic tissues, and reduces blood coagulation phenomena in COVID-19 patients. Ozone has immunomodulatory effects by modulating cytokines (reduction of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-10), induction of interferon-γ, anti-inflammatory properties by modulating NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3, inhibition of cytokine storm (blocking nuclear factor-κB and stimulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway), stimulates cellular/humoral immunity/phagocytic function and blocks angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. In direct oxygen-ozone injection, oxygen reacts with several biological molecules such as thiol groups in albumin to form ozonoids. Intravenous injection of ozonated saline significantly increases the length of time a person can remain hypoxic. The rectal ozone protocol is rectal ozone insufflation, resulting in clinical improvement in oxygen saturation and biochemical improvement (fibrinogen, D-dimer, urea, ferritin, LDH, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein). In general, many studies have shown the positive effect of ozone therapy as a complementary therapy in the recovery of COVID-19 patients. All the findings indicate that systemic ozone therapy is nontoxic and has no side effects in these patients.
Topics: COVID-19; Cytokine Release Syndrome; Humans; Oxygen; Ozone; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34677149
DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.325989 -
European Review For Medical and... Sep 2020The therapeutic application of ozone and its derivatives in the dental field has been used for many purposes. However, there has yet to be a consistent evaluation of the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The therapeutic application of ozone and its derivatives in the dental field has been used for many purposes. However, there has yet to be a consistent evaluation of the outcomes, due to the lack of standardization of the treatment operating procedures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The keywords "ozone", "ozonated", "ozonation" "ozonized", "ozonization", "dentistry", "periodontology", "oral surgery", "oxygen-ozone therapy" were used to perform a literature review using PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Zotero databases with the temporal restriction for manuscripts published between 2010 and 2020. Clinical trials and case reports of good, neutral, as well as negative results related to ozone treatment specifications were evaluated.
DISCUSSION
A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of this bio-oxidative therapy could open new horizons related to the personalization of treatments and the quality of dental care. The critical condition to achieve these goals is an improved knowledge of the qualitative/quantitative characteristics of ozone and its derivatives.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Dentistry; Humans; Ozone
PubMed: 32964998
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22854 -
PloS One 2021In order to develop a fast combined method for onychomycosis treatment using an in vitro and an ex vivo models, a combination of two dual-diode lasers at 405 nm and 639...
In order to develop a fast combined method for onychomycosis treatment using an in vitro and an ex vivo models, a combination of two dual-diode lasers at 405 nm and 639 nm wavelengths, in a continuous manner, together with different ozone concentrations (until 80 ppm), was used for performing the experiments on fungal strains growing on PDA agar medium or on pig's hooves samples. In the in vitro model experiments, with 30 min combined treatment, all species are inhibited at 40 ppm ozone concentration, except S. brevicaulis, which didn't show an inhibition in comparison with only ozone treatment. In the ex vivo model experiments, with the same duration and ozone concentration, A. chrysogenum and E. floccosum showed total inhibition; T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum showed a 75% growth inhibition; M. canis showed a delay in sporulation; and S. brevicaulis and A. terreus did not show growth inhibition. This combined laser and ozone treatment may be developed as a fast therapy for human onychomycosis, as a potential alternative to the use of antifungal drugs with potential side effects and long duration treatments.
Topics: Animals; Fungi; Humans; Lasers; Microbial Viability; Models, Biological; Onychomycosis; Ozone; Swine
PubMed: 34191858
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253979 -
Environment International Dec 2021There is increasing interest in the health effects of air pollution. However, the relationships between ozone exposure and mortality attributable to neurological...
BACKGROUND
There is increasing interest in the health effects of air pollution. However, the relationships between ozone exposure and mortality attributable to neurological diseases remain unclear.
OBJECTIVES
To assess associations of long-term exposure to ozone with death from Parkinson's disease, dementia, stroke, and multiple sclerosis.
METHODS
Our analyses were based on the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort. Census participants were linked with vital statistics records through 2016, resulting in a cohort of 3.5 million adults/51,045,700 person-years, with 8,500/51,300/43,300/1,300 deaths from Parkinson's/dementia/stroke/multiple sclerosis, respectively. Ten-year average ozone concentrations estimated by chemical transport models and adjusted by ground measurements were assigned to subjects based on postal codes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for deaths from the four neurological diseases, adjusting for eight common demographic and socioeconomic factors, seven environmental indexes, and six contextual covariates.
RESULTS
The fully adjusted HRs for Parkinson's, dementia, stroke, and multiple sclerosis mortalities related to one interquartile range increase in ozone (10.1 ppb), were 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.04-1.14), 1.08 (1.06-1.10), 1.06 (1.04-1.09), and 1.35 (1.20-1.51), respectively. The covariates did not influence significance of the ozone-mortality associations, except airshed (i.e., broad region of Canada). During the period of 2001-2016, 5.66%/5.01%/ 3.77%/19.11% of deaths from Parkinson's/dementia/stroke/multiple sclerosis, respectively, were attributable to ozone exposure.
CONCLUSIONS
We found positive associations between ozone exposure and mortality due to Parkinson's, dementia, stroke, and multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Canada; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Mortality; Ozone; Particulate Matter
PubMed: 34385046
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106817 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2023The ultimate objective of this review is to encourage a multi-disciplinary and integrated methodological approach that, starting from the recognition of some current... (Review)
Review
The ultimate objective of this review is to encourage a multi-disciplinary and integrated methodological approach that, starting from the recognition of some current uncertainties, helps to deepen the molecular bases of ozone treatment effects on human and animal well-being and to optimize their performance in terms of reproducibility of results, quality, and safety. In fact, the common therapeutic treatments are normally documented by healthcare professionals' prescriptions. The same applies to medicinal gases (whose uses are based on their pharmacological effects) that are intended for patients for treatment, diagnostic, or preventive purposes and that have been produced and inspected in accordance with good manufacturing practices and pharmacopoeia monographs. On the contrary, it is the responsibility of healthcare professionals, who thoughtfully choose to use ozone as a medicinal product, to achieve the following objectives: (i) to understand the molecular basis of the mechanism of action; (ii) to adjust the treatment according to the clinical responses obtained in accordance with the principles of precision medicine and personalized therapy; (iii) to ensure all quality standards.
Topics: Humans; Ozone; Reproducibility of Results; Uncertainty
PubMed: 37239818
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108465