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International Journal of Clinical... 2017Fibroma is one of the most common soft tissue benign tumors of the oral cavity. These masses represent hyperplasias instead of true neoplasm, which develop due to...
UNLABELLED
Fibroma is one of the most common soft tissue benign tumors of the oral cavity. These masses represent hyperplasias instead of true neoplasm, which develop due to irritation to the mucosal tissue resulting in proliferation of the cells. Although so common in the oral cavity, its occurrence on the palate is rare, mainly due to fewer chances of trauma. Here, we report a case of palatal fibroma in a child diagnosed on the basis of clinical, radiological, and histological features. The case represents an extremely rare occurrence as unusual trauma due to thumb sucking seemed to be the only apparent traumatic factor in the palatal region.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Mishra R, Khan TS, Ajaz T, Agarwal M. Pediatric Palatal Fibroma. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10(1):96-98.
PubMed: 28377663
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1414 -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2022GLI1 fusions involving ACTB, MALAT1, PTCH1 and FOXO4 genes have been reported in a subset of malignant mesenchymal tumors with a characteristic nested epithelioid... (Review)
Review
GLI1 fusions involving ACTB, MALAT1, PTCH1 and FOXO4 genes have been reported in a subset of malignant mesenchymal tumors with a characteristic nested epithelioid morphology and frequent S100 positivity. Typically, these multilobulated tumors consist of uniform epithelioid cells with bland nuclei and are organized into distinct nests and cords with conspicuously rich vasculature. We herein expand earlier findings by reporting a case of a 34-year-old female with an epithelioid mesenchymal tumor of the palate. The neoplastic cells stained positive for S100 protein and D2-40, whereas multiple other markers were negative. Genetic alterations were investigated by targeted RNA sequencing, and a PTCH1-GLI1 fusion was detected. Epithelioid mesenchymal tumors harboring a PTCH1-GLI1 fusion are vanishingly rare with only three cases reported so far. Due to the unique location in the mucosa of the soft palate adjacent to minor salivary glands, multilobulated growth, nested epithelioid morphology, focal clearing of the cytoplasm, and immunopositivity for S100 protein and D2-40, the differential diagnoses include primary salivary gland epithelial tumors, in particular myoepithelioma and myoepithelial carcinoma. Another differential diagnostic possibility is the ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor. Useful diagnostic clues for tumors with a GLI1 rearrangement include a rich vascular network between the nests of neoplastic cells, tumor tissue bulging into vascular spaces, and absence of SOX10, GFAP and cytokeratin immunopositivity. Identifying areas with features of GLI1-rearranged tumors should trigger subsequent molecular confirmation. This is important for appropriate treatment measures as PTCH1-GLI1 positive mesenchymal epithelioid neoplasms have a propensity for locoregional lymph node and distant lung metastases.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Myoepithelioma; Palate, Soft; S100 Proteins; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
PubMed: 34655412
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01388-4 -
Cureus Jul 2022Teratomas are germinal cell neoplasms containing tissues from all germinal layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm); however, they may show varying stages of maturity....
Teratomas are germinal cell neoplasms containing tissues from all germinal layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm); however, they may show varying stages of maturity. We present a case of a 10-month-old Sudanese male patient who presented to the Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital with a tumor occupying the hard palate since birth, causing reduced oral intake and failure to thrive. CT images showed soft and hard tissue masses originating from the hard palate and extending to the oral cavity. The treatment was initiated with nutritional support and consultation with pediatric physicians. The oral teratoma was successfully treated with surgery. The patient was regularly followed up and he fully recovered eventually.
PubMed: 36017281
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27135 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Dec 2021
Topics: Humans; Palatal Neoplasms; Palate
PubMed: 33933402
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2021.04.002 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Mar 1992
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Male; Middle Aged; Palatal Neoplasms; Sarcoidosis; Skin Diseases; Syndrome
PubMed: 1556725
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Sep 2022Mucosal melanoma is an exceedingly rare and aggressive neoplasm with high mortality rate. In contrast to the cutaneous melanomas, the risk factors and pathogenesis are...
Mucosal melanoma is an exceedingly rare and aggressive neoplasm with high mortality rate. In contrast to the cutaneous melanomas, the risk factors and pathogenesis are poorly understood. It is predominantly localized in the region of the hard palate and maxillary alveolus. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but it may turn out to be challenging depending on the anatomic location, extent and size of the tumor and presence of metastasis. Presented here is a series of two cases of maxillary mucosal melanoma with varied presentation.
PubMed: 36274903
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-021-01537-w -
International Archives of... Jul 2019Schwannomas are benign tumors originating from differentiated Schwann cells. Being the least common intraoral neoplasm of neural origin, it is rarely seen in the... (Review)
Review
Schwannomas are benign tumors originating from differentiated Schwann cells. Being the least common intraoral neoplasm of neural origin, it is rarely seen in the palate. The literature lacks an extensive review of intraoral schwannoma confined to the palate. To review previously reported cases of palatal schwannoma along with an illustrative case, and to provide a better insight regarding clinicopathological and radiological features of this neural tumor in a rare intraoral site. We present a case of palatal schwannoma in a 16-year-old female. An additional 45 cases were identified in 2 medical database searches (PubMed and Google Scholar) published from the year 1985 onwards, and from 13 countries, in the 5 continents. The ages of the patients ranged from 3 to 84 years old. Palatal schwannoma showed a slight predilection to females, with a male/female ratio of ∼ 1:1.81. Hard palate involvement is almost twice greater than soft palate involvement. Surgical excision was employed in almost all of the cases, and recurrence was reported only once. Palatal schwannomas, although rare, have been reported both over the hard and the soft palate. They mostly present as a painless, firm, well-encapsulated, slow-growing solitary lesion over the lateral palatal aspect. Imaging can add to suspicion and can delineate a differential diagnosis, but the diagnosis is confirmed by pathological examination. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is almost always inconclusive. Immunohistochemistry can assist in confirming a diagnosis, but is more important to rule out close differentials. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice, and recurrence or malignant transformation are extremely rare.
PubMed: 31360259
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692635 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2017Lipoma is a common benign soft-tissue neoplasm derived from mature adipose tissue neoplasm, but its presence in the oral and pharyngeal region is relatively uncommon....
Lipoma is a common benign soft-tissue neoplasm derived from mature adipose tissue neoplasm, but its presence in the oral and pharyngeal region is relatively uncommon. Oral lipoma was first described by Roux in 1848 as "yellow epulis." It has an incidence rate of about 1%-4% of all benign oral lesions, with a prevalence rate of about 0.0002%. Fibrolipoma is an extremely rare subtype of lipoma which accounts for 1.6% of all facial lipomas. Specific anatomic locations of occurrence within the oral and maxillofacial region include the parotid region, buccal mucosa, lips, submandibular region, tongue, floor of mouth, and palate. Here, we present fibrolipoma, a very rare subtype of lipoma involving the left retromolar region in a 50-year-old female patient.
Topics: Female; Gingiva; Humans; Lipoma; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms
PubMed: 29256473
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_718_16 -
Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2021Sinonasal malignancies are known for their associated poor prognosis and diversity of histologic features. While poor prognosis is largely due to advanced disease at...
Sinonasal malignancies are known for their associated poor prognosis and diversity of histologic features. While poor prognosis is largely due to advanced disease at presentation, histologic features also play a significant role. Therefore, accurate pathologic diagnosis is of utmost importance. Here, we describe a 63-year-old male with chronic left-sided nasal obstruction and left-sided epistaxis who was found to have a large mass occupying most of the nasal cavity extending through the nasopharynx to just below the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate. During surgical excision, the mass was noted to originate from the floor of the maxillary sinus with erosion of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus. Pathology revealed a diagnosis of INI1-intact poorly differentiated composite carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype and sarcomatoid and squamous cell carcinoma foci arising within an inverted papilloma. Included in this report is a detailed description of both the patient's medical course and this pathologically novel sinonasal neoplasm. We aim to elucidate this rare tumor's complex features in order to improve future diagnosis and stimulate prospective research on sinonasal malignancies with complex histology.
PubMed: 34840844
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6075130 -
Gland Surgery Feb 2021Accurate diagnosis of malignancy in the parotid gland before surgery is often challenging. Various clues should be used to increase the index of suspicion for...
BACKGROUND
Accurate diagnosis of malignancy in the parotid gland before surgery is often challenging. Various clues should be used to increase the index of suspicion for malignancy. We hypothesized that malignant lesions of the parotid gland are located at the superior part of the gland compared to benign ones.
METHODS
A total of 169 consecutive patients were included in this study whose medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Benign and malignant tumors were compared in size, height difference from five anatomical landmarks: hard palate, mastoid tip, earlobe, condylar head, and mandibular notch. The cutoff heights from significant landmarks (hard palate, condylar head) were estimated with ROC analysis and chi-square test.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine patients (17.2%) were diagnosed with malignant and 140 patients (82.8%) as benign. The height differed significantly between benign and malignant tumors when the reference point was set for the hard palate (P=0.024) and the condylar head (P=0.049), with the cutoff height from reference points to be 22.5, 51.5 mm, respectively. Diagnostic values of parotid level difference presented higher sensitivity (75.9% for hard palate, 72.4% for condylar head 47.8% for fine needle aspiration cytology) and lower false negative rate (24.1% for hard palate, 27.6% for condylar head 52.2% for fine needle aspiration cytology) compared to fine needle aspiration cytology.
CONCLUSIONS
Malignant tumors of the parotid gland tend to locate at the superior part of the gland compared to benign tumors. Parotid tumors lying cephalad should raise an index of suspicion for malignancy. Height of the tumor in the parotid gland should be deliberately considered during the first encounter of the patient, which in turn could curate the next step in the diagnostic approach and treatment planning.
PubMed: 33708554
DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-741