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Canadian Medical Association Journal Nov 1963Tranylcypromine, a useful antidepressant agent, has been linked with a clinical syndrome of undetermined incidence characterized by exceedingly severe and prolonged...
Tranylcypromine, a useful antidepressant agent, has been linked with a clinical syndrome of undetermined incidence characterized by exceedingly severe and prolonged headache. Associated phenomena may include paroxysmal hypertension, pallor, chest pain and collapse. This violent reaction does not seem to be related to age, sex, duration of treatment, or pre-existing cardiovascular disease; nor is it possible to predict in whom it will occur. The clinical picture may sometimes be quite similar to that produced by subarachnoid hemorrhage or by pheochromocytoma. The mechanism of action is not known, although it is possible that the syndrome may be due to an amphetamine-like effect; i.e., that tranylcypromine influences the adrenergic component of the reticular activating system. The occurrence of severe headache in the course of tranylcypromine therapy is an indication for immediate withdrawal of the drug. Tranylcypromine cephalgia should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of sudden, violent and prostrating headache.
Topics: Amphetamine; Antidepressive Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Headache; Humans; Hypertension; Norepinephrine; Pheochromocytoma; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Toxicology; Tranylcypromine
PubMed: 14079136
DOI: No ID Found -
Avicenna Journal of Medicine 2020Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) type in Syria is , a fatal incapacitating disease, which is mostly seen in infants.
BACKGROUND
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) type in Syria is , a fatal incapacitating disease, which is mostly seen in infants.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Hospital records of 19 children with VL were retrospectively reviewed. The period of the study was from June 2016 to July 2019.
RESULTS
The median age of the patients was 45.5 months. None was coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus or known to be immunocompromised. Pallor and anemia were observed in all cases, fever in 13 (68.42%), splenomegaly in 18 (94.7%), hepatomegaly in 11 (57.9%), thrombocytopenia in 15 (78.95%), and leukopenia in nine (47.4%). A bone marrow aspirate was obtained and Leishmania amastigotes were detected in all patients. All patients were initially treated with meglumine antimonate; one child did not respond and was treated with lipid formulations of amphotericin B.
CONCLUSIONS
Presentation of VL in the pediatric age group is characterized by pallor, fever, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. Hematological and biochemical indices are typical with cytopenias. In all cases, microscopic examination provided a positive diagnosis. Despite recent reports on decreased responses to antimonial drugs of patients with Mediterranean VL, meglumine antimonate treatment appears to be still highly effective in Syria.
PubMed: 33437694
DOI: 10.4103/ajm.ajm_168_20 -
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2020Repeated trauma involving extremities (in the setting of peripheral neuropathy) and poor vascularity that impairs wound healing are important causes of disability and...
CONTEXT
Repeated trauma involving extremities (in the setting of peripheral neuropathy) and poor vascularity that impairs wound healing are important causes of disability and deformity in leprosy patients. Nail changes can serve as indicators of trophic changes due to leprosy.
AIMS
To describe the onychoscopy findings in leprosy cases and to identify any specific findings in leprosy patients in comparison to controls.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
The first 30 leprosy patients and 30 age and sex-matched controls who attended our tertiary care center from 1 August 2018 were included in this cross-sectional study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Onychoscopy examination of all fingernails was performed at 50× magnification using dinolite dermoscope AM4113ZT under non-polarizing light to document surface changes and under polarizing light to document pigmentation and vascular changes.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
The observed nail changes in cases and controls were compared using Pearson's Chi-square test.
RESULTS
Statistically significant association with leprosy was found for pitting, onycholysis, melanonychia, transverse lines, nail pallor, and onychauxis. Nail pallor was unique to leprosy patients.
LIMITATIONS
Small sample size and not evaluating toenails were the major limitations of the study.
CONCLUSIONS
Studies with large sample size are needed to assess the significance of nail pallor as a specific onychoscopy finding in leprosy.
PubMed: 33344349
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_29_20 -
Temperature (Austin, Tex.) 2014Principal symptoms of motion sickness in humans include facial pallor, nausea and vomiting, and sweating. It is less known that motion sickness also affects... (Review)
Review
Principal symptoms of motion sickness in humans include facial pallor, nausea and vomiting, and sweating. It is less known that motion sickness also affects thermoregulation, and the purpose of this review is to present and discuss existing data related to this subject. Hypothermia during seasickness was firstly noted nearly 150 years ago, but detailed studies of this phenomenon were conducted only during the last 2 decades. Motion sickness-induced hypothermia is philogenetically quite broadly expressed as besides humans, it has been reported in rats, musk shrews and mice. Evidence from human and animal experiments indicates that the physiological mechanisms responsible for the motion sickness-induced hypothermia include cutaneous vasodilation and sweating (leading to an increase of heat loss) and reduced thermogenesis. Together, these results suggest that motion sickness triggers highly coordinated physiological response aiming to reduce body temperature. Finally, we describe potential adaptive role of this response, and describe the benefits of using it as an objective measure of motion sickness-induced nausea.
PubMed: 27626043
DOI: 10.4161/23328940.2014.982047 -
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences... Jul 2006Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of white matter lesions, often seen in the elderly, are correlated with histologic findings. Dilatation of perivascular spaces... (Review)
Review
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of white matter lesions, often seen in the elderly, are correlated with histologic findings. Dilatation of perivascular spaces is seen, especially in the frontal and/or parietal subcortical white matter; the spaces are less than 3 mm in diameter and have sharp margins with no perifocal abnormality. Old lacunar infarcts are larger than 3 mm in diameter and are irregularly shaped and accompanied by perifocal myelin pallor and gliosis. Periventricular hyperintensity, including cap and rim, histologically shows myelin pallor, dilatation of perivascular spaces, discontinuity of the ependymal lining, and subependymal gliosis. Deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity reflects myelin pallor and dilatation of perivascular spaces. Diffuse white matter lesion, seen in Binswanger's disease, shows myelin pallor and tissue rarefaction associated with loss of myelin and axons. U-fibers are usually well preserved. Severe arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis are usually seen in the white matter. Knowledge of the pathologic features of incidental changes in white matter helps in understanding MR imaging findings.
Topics: Aged; Brain Infarction; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Ventricles; Dementia, Vascular; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 17008766
DOI: 10.2463/mrms.5.99 -
Psychology Research and Behavior... 2014Skin and skin disorders have had spiritual aspects since ancient times. Skin, hair, and nails are visible to self and others, and touchable by self and others. The skin... (Review)
Review
Skin and skin disorders have had spiritual aspects since ancient times. Skin, hair, and nails are visible to self and others, and touchable by self and others. The skin is a major sensory organ. Skin also expresses emotions detectable by others through pallor, coldness, "goose bumps", redness, warmth, or sweating. Spiritual and religious significances of skin are revealed through how much of the skin has been and continues to be covered with what types of coverings, scalp and beard hair cutting, shaving and styling, skin, nail, and hair coloring and decorating, tattooing, and intentional scarring of skin. Persons with visible skin disorders have often been stigmatized or even treated as outcasts. Shamans and other spiritual and religious healers have brought about healing of skin disorders through spiritual means. Spiritual and religious interactions with various skin disorders such as psoriasis, leprosy, and vitiligo are discussed. Religious aspects of skin and skin diseases are evaluated for several major religions, with a special focus on Judaism, both conventional and kabbalistic.
PubMed: 25120377
DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S65578 -
European Journal of Case Reports in... 2022Glomus tumour is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm usually located in the dermis and subcutis, and most commonly found in the extremities. Glomus tumour in the...
UNLABELLED
Glomus tumour is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm usually located in the dermis and subcutis, and most commonly found in the extremities. Glomus tumour in the gastrointestinal system is rare and its symptoms unspecific. The diagnosis of gastric glomus tumour is challenging due to the lack of specific findings on imaging and blood analysis, and so is usually based on histology and immunochemistry. We describe the case of a 22-year-old man admitted for pallor and anaemia, the diagnostic path, treatment and follow-up. The present case suggests that this rare entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric lesions.
LEARNING POINTS
Glomus tumour is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm most commonly found in the extremities.Gastric glomus tumour (GGT) is rare and its symptoms unspecific.The diagnosis of GGT relies on histology and immunohistochemistry as imaging lacks accuracy.Treatment is usually surgical but follow-up should be considered due to its malignant potential.
PubMed: 36415841
DOI: 10.12890/2022_003595 -
Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine :... 2022A 13-year-old adolescent male presented with an episode of rectal bleed. He has had five such episodes in the past year where he witnessed black tarry stools mixed with...
A 13-year-old adolescent male presented with an episode of rectal bleed. He has had five such episodes in the past year where he witnessed black tarry stools mixed with fresh blood, painless, not associated with fever or hematemesis. Clinical examination revealed pallor and a soft, non-tender abdomen. Vitals were stable. Blood investigations revealed haemoglobin of 102g/L, WBC count of 10 X 109/L and platelet count of 165 × 109/L. The clotting screen was normal. Upper GI endoscopy and colonoscopy revealed no abnormality. The patient underwent Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy to look for Meckel's Diverticulum in view of painless lower GI bleed.
PubMed: 36817191
DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_127_22