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Journal of Hepatology Feb 2014NCPH is a heterogeneous group of liver disorders of vascular origin, leading to PHT with near normal HVPG. NCPF/IPH is a disorder of young adults or middle aged women,... (Review)
Review
NCPH is a heterogeneous group of liver disorders of vascular origin, leading to PHT with near normal HVPG. NCPF/IPH is a disorder of young adults or middle aged women, whereas EHPVO is a disorder of childhood. Early age acute or recurrent infections in an individual with thrombotic predisposition constitute the likely pathogenesis. Both disorders present with clinically significant PHT with preserved liver functions. Diagnosis is easy and can often be made clinically with support from imaging modalities. Management centers on control and prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. In EHPVO, there are additional concerns of growth faltering, portal biliopathy, MHE and parenchymal dysfunction. Surgical shunts are indicated in patients with failure of endotherapy, bleeding from sites not amenable to endotherapy, symptomatic hypersplenism or symptomatic biliopathy. Persistent growth failure, symptomatic and recurrent hepatic encephalopathy, impaired quality of life or massive splenomegaly that interferes with daily activities are other surgical indications. Rex-shunt or MLPVB is the recommended shunt for EHPVO, but needs proper pre-operative radiological assessment and surgical expertise. Both disorders have otherwise a fairly good prognosis, but need regular and careful surveillance. Hepatic schistosomiasis, CHF and NRH have similar presentation and comparable prognosis.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Pancytopenia; Portal Vein; Splenomegaly; Idiopathic Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension
PubMed: 23978714
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.08.013 -
Blood Sep 2012The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) is an important standard for assessing prognosis of primary untreated adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes...
The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) is an important standard for assessing prognosis of primary untreated adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). To refine the IPSS, MDS patient databases from international institutions were coalesced to assemble a much larger combined database (Revised-IPSS [IPSS-R], n = 7012, IPSS, n = 816) for analysis. Multiple statistically weighted clinical features were used to generate a prognostic categorization model. Bone marrow cytogenetics, marrow blast percentage, and cytopenias remained the basis of the new system. Novel components of the current analysis included: 5 rather than 3 cytogenetic prognostic subgroups with specific and new classifications of a number of less common cytogenetic subsets, splitting the low marrow blast percentage value, and depth of cytopenias. This model defined 5 rather than the 4 major prognostic categories that are present in the IPSS. Patient age, performance status, serum ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase were significant additive features for survival but not for acute myeloid leukemia transformation. This system comprehensively integrated the numerous known clinical features into a method analyzing MDS patient prognosis more precisely than the initial IPSS. As such, this IPSS-R should prove beneficial for predicting the clinical outcomes of untreated MDS patients and aiding design and analysis of clinical trials in this disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bone Marrow; Chromosome Aberrations; Cytogenetic Analysis; Female; Humans; International Agencies; Karyotyping; Male; Middle Aged; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Pancytopenia; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Survival Rate
PubMed: 22740453
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-03-420489 -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2018Linezolid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic of the Oxazolidinone class; it works by inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis on bacterial ribosomes. Due to its...
Linezolid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic of the Oxazolidinone class; it works by inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis on bacterial ribosomes. Due to its excellent bioavailability after oral dosing, it has become an important tool in combating multi-drug-resistant bacteria including glycopeptide-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Side effects are multiple and potentially serious. We report the case of an 87-year-old man who developed pancytopenia secondary to a 6-week course of linezolid. Withdrawal of the antibiotic was decided as the treatment and resolution of the pancytopenia was evident within 2 weeks. Clinicians should be aware of this side effect of linezolid therapy and that weekly full blood count monitoring is paramount.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Linezolid; Male; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Pancytopenia; Staphylococcal Infections; Surgical Wound Infection
PubMed: 30054325
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225480 -
The Primary Care Companion For CNS... Sep 2022
Topics: Cannabis; Hallucinogens; Humans; Pancytopenia
PubMed: 36084655
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.21cr03155 -
The American Journal of Emergency... Jul 2021Neutropenic enterocolitis is also known as typhlitis, is characterized by severe inflammation in the bowel loops. It is often seen in immunosuppressed patients, and it...
Neutropenic enterocolitis is also known as typhlitis, is characterized by severe inflammation in the bowel loops. It is often seen in immunosuppressed patients, and it has high morbidity and mortality. Although the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects the respiratory system and causes COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), it may affect hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. Herein, we present a rare case of COVID-19-associated pancytopenia and typhlitis in a 60-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated the bowel wall thickening in the cecum and ascending colon compatible with enterocolitis. Moreover, the chest CT showed bilateral, peripheral, and multifocal ground-glass opacities, consistent with COVID-19 pneumonia. We also aimed to emphasize the laboratory, clinical, and CT findings of the patient.
Topics: COVID-19; Colon; Female; Humans; Lung; Middle Aged; Pancytopenia; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Typhlitis
PubMed: 33446380
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.049 -
Blood Apr 2019
Topics: Aged; Bacteria; Bone Marrow Examination; Culture Media; Drug Contamination; Female; Humans; Pancytopenia; Truth Disclosure
PubMed: 30948371
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2019-01-894451 -
Journal of Complementary & Integrative... Mar 2017Pancytopenia is a health condition in which there is a reduction in the amount of leucocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes. If more than one of the blood cells is low... (Review)
Review
Pancytopenia is a health condition in which there is a reduction in the amount of leucocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes. If more than one of the blood cells is low then the condition is called as bicytopenia. The pancytopenic condition is observed in treatment of diseased conditions like thalassemia and hepatitis C. Iatrogenically pancytopenia is caused by some antibiotics and anti-HCV drugs. Medical conditions like aplastic anaemia, lymphoma, copper deficiency, and so forth can also cause pancytopenia. Pancytopenia can in turn decrease the immunity of the person and thereby can be fatal. Current therapies for pancytopenia include bone marrow stimulant drugs, blood transfusion and bone marrow transplant. The current therapies are very excruciating and have long-term side-effects. Therefore, treating these condition using herbal drugs is very important. Herbs like wheatgrass, papaya leaves and garlic are effective in treating single lineage cytopenias. The present review is focused on the potential effects of natural herbs for the treatment of pancytopenia.
Topics: Blood Cells; Bone Marrow; Humans; Magnoliopsida; Pancytopenia; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 28195548
DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0053 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Jan 2023After a strong epidemiological link to diet was established in an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in spring 2021 in the United Kingdom, 3 dry diets were recalled....
BACKGROUND
After a strong epidemiological link to diet was established in an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in spring 2021 in the United Kingdom, 3 dry diets were recalled. Concentrations of the hemato- and myelotoxic mycotoxins T-2, HT-2 and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) greater than the European Commission guidance for dry cat foods were detected in the recalled diets.
OBJECTIVES
To describe clinical and clinicopathological findings in cats diagnosed with suspected diet induced pancytopenia.
ANIMALS
Fifty cats presenting with pancytopenia after exposure to a recalled diet.
METHODS
Multicenter retrospective case series study. Cats with known exposure to 1 of the recalled diets were included if presented with bi- or pancytopenia and underwent bone marrow examination.
RESULTS
Case fatality rate was 78%. Bone marrow aspirates and biopsy examination results were available in 23 cats; 19 cats had a bone marrow aspirate, and 8 cats had a biopsy core, available for examination. Bone marrow hypo to aplasia-often affecting all cell lines-was the main feature in all 31 available core specimens. A disproportionately pronounced effect on myeloid and megakaryocytic cells was observed in 19 cats. Myelofibrosis or bone marrow necrosis was not a feature.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Mycotoxin induced pancytopenia should be considered as differential diagnosis in otherwise healthy cats presenting with bi- or pancytopenia and bone marrow hypo- to aplasia.
Topics: Cats; Animals; Pancytopenia; Retrospective Studies; Bone Marrow; Biopsy; Diet; Cat Diseases
PubMed: 36609843
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16613 -
Blood Jan 2023Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is a severe blood disease characterized by T-lymphocyte- mediated stem cell destruction. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and...
Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is a severe blood disease characterized by T-lymphocyte- mediated stem cell destruction. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunosuppression are effective, but they entail costs and risks, and are not always successful. The Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (RUX) suppresses cytotoxic T-cell activation and inhibits cytokine production in models of graft-versus-host disease. We tested RUX in murine immune AA for potential therapeutic benefit. After infusion of lymph node (LN) cells mismatched at the major histocompatibility complex [C67BL/6 (B6)⇒CByB6F1], RUX, administered as a food additive (Rux-chow), attenuated bone marrow hypoplasia, ameliorated peripheral blood pancytopenia, preserved hematopoietic progenitors, and prevented mortality, when used either prophylactically or therapeutically. RUX suppressed the infiltration, proliferation, and activation of effector T cells in the bone marrow and mitigated Fas-mediated apoptotic destruction of target hematopoietic cells. Similar effects were obtained when Rux-chow was fed to C.B10 mice in a minor histocompatibility antigen mismatched (B6⇒C.B10) AA model. RUX only modestly suppressed lymphoid and erythroid hematopoiesis in normal and irradiated CByB6F1 mice. Our data support clinical trials of JAK/STAT inhibitors in human AA and other immune bone marrow failure syndromes.
Topics: Mice; Humans; Animals; Pancytopenia; Anemia, Aplastic; Bone Marrow Failure Disorders; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases; Janus Kinase 1
PubMed: 36130301
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015898 -
Blood Apr 2015
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Macrophages; Mycobacterium avium; Pancytopenia; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 26016000
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-01-620195