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Infection and Drug Resistance 2021Bacteremia by spp. has rarely been described before. We report the first case of a possible prosthetic valve endocarditis, according to the modified Duke criteria, in...
Bacteremia by spp. has rarely been described before. We report the first case of a possible prosthetic valve endocarditis, according to the modified Duke criteria, in a 37-year old male injecting drug user suffering from recurrent endocarditis. Furthermore, we demonstrate biofilm formation by the isolates of this patient and investigate antibiotic resistance.
PubMed: 33854344
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S301138 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Dec 2001The recently described genus Pandoraea contains five named species (Pandoraea apista, Pandoraea pulmonicola, Pandoraea pnomenusa, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea...
The recently described genus Pandoraea contains five named species (Pandoraea apista, Pandoraea pulmonicola, Pandoraea pnomenusa, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea norimbergensis) and four unnamed genomospecies. Pandoraea spp. have mainly been recovered from the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Accurate genus- and species-level identification by routine clinical microbiology methods is difficult, and differentiation from Burkholderia cepacia complex organisms may be especially problematic. This can have important consequences for the management of CF patients. On the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequences, PCR assays for the identification of Pandoraea spp. were developed. A first PCR assay was developed for the identification of Pandoraea isolates to the genus level. PCR assays for the identification of P. apista and P. pulmonicola as a group, P. pnomenusa, P. sputorum, and P. norimbergensis were also developed. All five assays were evaluated with a panel of 123 bacterial isolates that included 69 Pandoraea sp. strains, 24 B. cepacia complex strains, 6 Burkholderia gladioli strains, 9 Ralstonia sp. strains, 5 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans strains, 5 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains, and 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The use of these PCR assays facilitates the identification of Pandoraea spp. and avoids the misidentification of a Pandoraea sp. as a B. cepacia complex isolate.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Betaproteobacteria; Cystic Fibrosis; DNA Primers; DNA, Ribosomal; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11724860
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.12.4452-4455.2001 -
PeerJ 2015In this study, we sequenced the genome of Pandoraea pnomenusa RB38 using Pacific Biosciences RSII (PacBio) Single Molecule Real Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. A pair...
In this study, we sequenced the genome of Pandoraea pnomenusa RB38 using Pacific Biosciences RSII (PacBio) Single Molecule Real Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. A pair of cognate luxI/R homologs was identified where the luxI homolog, ppnI, was found adjacent to a luxR homolog, ppnR1. An additional orphan luxR homolog, ppnR2, was also discovered. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that ppnI is an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) synthase gene that is distinct from those of the nearest phylogenetic neighbor viz. Burkholderia spp. High resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed that Escherichia coli BL21 harboring ppnI produced a similar AHL profile (N-octanoylhomoserine lactone, C8-HSL) as P. pnomenusa RB38, the wild-type donor strain, confirming that PpnI directed the synthesis of AHL in P. pnomenusa RB38. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of the luxI/R homologs of the genus Pandoraea.
PubMed: 26336650
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1225 -
Infectious Disease Reports Mar 2022is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus and is mainly associated with the colonization of structurally abnormal airways. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many...
is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus and is mainly associated with the colonization of structurally abnormal airways. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many microorganisms have been associated with coinfection and superinfection in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, but so far, no coinfection or superinfection by has been reported. We present the first case describing this association in a previously healthy patient. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes are shown.
PubMed: 35314655
DOI: 10.3390/idr14020025 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2001CDC weak oxidizer group 2 (WO-2) consists of nine phenotypically similar human clinical isolates received by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1989...
CDC weak oxidizer group 2 (WO-2) consists of nine phenotypically similar human clinical isolates received by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1989 and 1998. Four of the isolates were from blood, three were from sputum, and one each was from bronchial fluid and maxillary sinus. All are aerobic nonfermentative, motile gram-negative rods with one to eight polar flagella per cell. All grew at 25 and 35 degrees C and were positive for catalase, urease (usually delayed 3 to 7 days), citrate, alkalinization of litmus milk, oxidization of glycerol (weakly), and growth on MacConkey agar and in nutrient broth without NaCl. All except one strain were oxidase positive with the Kovács method, and all except one isolate weakly oxidized D-glucose. All were negative for oxidation of D-xylose, D-mannitol, lactose, sucrose, maltose, and 20 other carbohydrates, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, arginine dihydrolase, and lysine and ornithine decarboxylase. Only two of nine isolates reduced nitrate. Broth microdilution susceptibilities were determined for all strains against 13 antimicrobial agents. Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin, but they varied in their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. High-performance liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses of the WO-2 group identified ubiquinone-8 as the major quinone component. The percent G+C of the WO-2 strains ranged from 65.2 to 70.7% (thermal denaturation method). All shared a common cellular fatty acid (CFA) profile, which was characterized by relatively large amounts (7 to 22%) of 16:1omega7c, 16:0, 17:0cyc, 18:1omega7c, and 19:0cyc(11-12); small amounts (1 to 3%) of 12:0 and 14:0; and eight hydroxy acids, 2-OH-12:0 (4%), 2-OH-14:0 (trace), 3-OH-14:0 (12%), 2-OH-16:1 (1%), 2-OH-16:0 (3%), 3-OH-16:0 (4%), 2-OH-18:1 (2%), and 2-OH-19:0cyc (3%). This profile is similar to the CFA profile of Pandoraea, a recently described genus associated with respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients (T. Coenye et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 50:887-899, 2000). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (1,300 bp) for all nine strains indicated a high level (> or =98.8%) of homogeneity with Pandoraea spp. type strains. DNA-DNA hybridization analysis (hydroxyapatite method; 70 degrees C) confirmed the identity of WO-2 with the genus Pandoraea and assigned three strains to Pandoraea apista and three to Pandoraea pnomenusa, and identified three additional new genomospecies containing one strain each (ATCC BAA-108, ATCC BAA-109, ATCC BAA-110). This study also shows that Pandoraea isolates may be encountered in blood cultures from patients without cystic fibrosis.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Betaproteobacteria; Child, Preschool; Fatty Acids; Female; Genes, rRNA; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenotype; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11325997
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2016Pandoraea species are considered as emerging pathogens in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The contribution of these organisms to disease progression in CF patients is...
Pandoraea species are considered as emerging pathogens in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The contribution of these organisms to disease progression in CF patients is not fully understood owing in large measure to the scant reports in clinical and research literature describing their colonization of CF patients and their associated virulence determinants. In an effort to increase awareness and evidence for Pandoraea spp. infection in people with CF, and to stimulate research aimed at unraveling the pathogenic properties of Pandoraea, we report a case of a 26-year-old Australian (Tasmanian) man with CF who was chronically infected with Pandoraea pnomenusa for at least one year prior to his death from respiratory failure. In addition, we describe for the first time evidence suggesting that this bacterium is a facultative anaerobe and report on the availability of a whole genome sequence for this organism. To the best of our knowledge, this report represents only the second clinical case study of P. pnomenusa infection in the world, and the first in an Australian CF patient.
PubMed: 27242717
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00692 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section F,... Nov 2010cis-Biphenyl-2,3-dihydrodiol-2,3-dehydrogenase (BphB) is involved in the aerobic biodegradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls. BphB from Pandoraea pnomenusa...
cis-Biphenyl-2,3-dihydrodiol-2,3-dehydrogenase (BphB) is involved in the aerobic biodegradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls. BphB from Pandoraea pnomenusa strain B-356 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity and crystallized. Crystals were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol 3350 and 0.2 M sodium malonate. A BphB crystal diffracted to 2.8 Å resolution and belonged to space group P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 75.2, c = 180.4 Å. Preliminary crystallographic analysis indicated the presence of two molecules in the asymmetric unit, giving a Matthews coefficient of 2.2 Å(3) Da(-1) and a solvent content of 44%.
Topics: Burkholderiaceae; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Gene Expression; Oxidoreductases
PubMed: 21045310
DOI: 10.1107/S1744309110036894 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Oct 2011Biphenyl dehydrogenase, a member of short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes, catalyzes the second step of the biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyls catabolic pathway in...
Biphenyl dehydrogenase, a member of short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes, catalyzes the second step of the biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyls catabolic pathway in bacteria. To understand the molecular basis for the broad substrate specificity of Pandoraea pnomenusa strain B-356 biphenyl dehydrogenase (BphB(B-356)), the crystal structures of the apo-enzyme, the binary complex with NAD(+), and the ternary complexes with NAD(+)-2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl and NAD(+)-4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl were determined at 2.2-, 2.5-, 2.4-, and 2.1-Å resolutions, respectively. A crystal structure representing an intermediate state of the enzyme was also obtained in which the substrate binding loop was ordered as compared with the apo and binary forms but it was displaced significantly with respect to the ternary structures. These five structures reveal that the substrate binding loop is highly mobile and that its conformation changes during ligand binding, starting from a disorganized loop in the apo state to a well organized loop structure in the ligand-bound form. Conformational changes are induced during ligand binding; forming a well defined cavity to accommodate a wide variety of substrates. This explains the biochemical data that shows BphB(B-356) converts the dihydrodiol metabolites of 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl, 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl, and 2,6-dichlorobiphenyl to their respective dihydroxy metabolites. For the first time, a combination of structural, biochemical, and molecular docking studies of BphB(B-356) elucidate the unique ability of the enzyme to transform the cis-dihydrodiols of double meta-, para-, and ortho-substituted chlorobiphenyls.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Burkholderiaceae; Chlorophenols; Crystallography, X-Ray; Ligands; Oxidoreductases; Protein Structure, Quaternary; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity
PubMed: 21880718
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M111.291013 -
International Microbiology : the... Feb 2024Polymyxin B is considered a last-line therapeutic option against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, especially in COVID-19 coinfections or other serious...
BACKGROUND
Polymyxin B is considered a last-line therapeutic option against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, especially in COVID-19 coinfections or other serious infections. However, the risk of antimicrobial resistance and its spread to the environment should be brought to the forefront.
METHODS
Pandoraea pnomenusa M202 was isolated under selection with 8 mg/L polymyxin B from hospital sewage and then was sequenced by the PacBio RS II and Illumina HiSeq 4000 platforms. Mating experiments were performed to evaluate the transfer of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter in genomic islands (GIs) to Escherichia coli 25DN. The recombinant E. coli strain Mrc-3 harboring MFS transporter encoding gene FKQ53_RS21695 was also constructed. The influence of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) on MICs was determined. The mechanism of polymyxin B excretion mediated by FKQ53_RS21695 was investigated by Discovery Studio 2.0 based on homology modeling.
RESULTS
The MIC of polymyxin B for the multidrug-resistant bacterial strain P. pnomenusa M202, isolated from hospital sewage, was 96 mg/L. GI-M202a, harboring an MFS transporter-encoding gene and conjugative transfer protein-encoding genes of the type IV secretion system, was identified in P. pnomenusa M202. The mating experiment between M202 and E. coli 25DN reflected the transferability of polymyxin B resistance via GI-M202a. EPI and heterogeneous expression assays also suggested that the MFS transporter gene FKQ53_RS21695 in GI-M202a was responsible for polymyxin B resistance. Molecular docking revealed that the polymyxin B fatty acyl group inserts into the hydrophobic region of the transmembrane core with Pi-alkyl and unfavorable bump interactions, and then polymyxin B rotates around Tyr43 to externally display the peptide group during the efflux process, accompanied by an inward-to-outward conformational change in the MFS transporter. Additionally, verapamil and CCCP exhibited significant inhibition via competition for binding sites.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrated that GI-M202a along with the MFS transporter FKQ53_RS21695 in P. pnomenusa M202 could mediate the transmission of polymyxin B resistance.
Topics: Polymyxin B; Escherichia coli; Genomic Islands; Molecular Docking Simulation; Sewage; Membrane Transport Proteins; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Burkholderiaceae
PubMed: 37316617
DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00384-8 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2014Strain RB38 was recovered from a former dumping area in Malaysia. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and genomic analysis identified strain RB-38 as Pandoraea pnomenusa....
Strain RB38 was recovered from a former dumping area in Malaysia. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and genomic analysis identified strain RB-38 as Pandoraea pnomenusa. Various biosensors confirmed its quorum sensing properties. High resolution triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was subsequently used to characterize the N-acyl homoserine lactone production profile of P. pnomenusa strain RB38, which validated that this isolate produced N-octanoyl homoserine lactone as a quorum sensing molecule. This is the first report of the production of N-octanoyl homoserine lactone by P. pnomenusa strain RB38.
Topics: Burkholderiaceae; Chromatography, Liquid; Homoserine; Lactones; Quorum Sensing; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 24919016
DOI: 10.3390/s140610177