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Journal of the American College of... Nov 2018
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Dilatation; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 30466518
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2187 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Sep 2010Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is a common infectious neurologic disease of birds comprising a dilatation of the proventriculus by ingested food as a result of... (Review)
Review
Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is a common infectious neurologic disease of birds comprising a dilatation of the proventriculus by ingested food as a result of defects in intestinal motility, which affects more than 50 species of psittacines, and is also known as Macaw wasting disease, neuropathic ganglioneuritis, or lymphoplasmacytic ganglioneuritis. Definitive diagnosis of PDD has been problematic due to the inconsistent distribution of lesions. Since its discovery, avian bornavirus (ABV) has been successfully cultured from the brains of psittacines diagnosed with PDD, providing a source of antigen for serologic assays and nucleic acid for molecular assays. This article provides evidence that ABV is the etiologic agent of PDD. Recent findings on the transmission, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control of ABV infection and PDD are also reviewed.
Topics: Animals; Bird Diseases; Bornaviridae; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Mononegavirales Infections; Proventriculus
PubMed: 20682432
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2010.05.014 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Jul 2010To review the most recent management strategies for corneal ectasia after keratorefractive surgery. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To review the most recent management strategies for corneal ectasia after keratorefractive surgery.
RECENT FINDINGS
Management options for postoperative ectasia include conservative management with various types of contact lenses such as rigid gas permeable lenses, custom wave front-guided soft contact lenses, hybrid lenses and tandem soft contact lens-rigid gas permeable lenses. Minimally invasive surgical options including corneal ring segment implantation with Intacs, KeraRings or Ferrara rings have shown to have good results in the initial period after insertion. However, there appears to be some evidence that this initial effect may regress with time. Collagen cross-linking is also minimally invasive and has been documented to stop the progression of ectasia and in some cases may cause regression. Recently, techniques combining collagen cross-linking with intracorneal ring segments or with topography-guided excimer laser treatments have shown to have promising results.
SUMMARY
Early management of ectasia is essential to prevent its progression and to preserve visual potential. There are several management options that are available that may be used to reduce the need for corneal transplantation for these patients.
Topics: Corneal Diseases; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Refractive Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 20489623
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32833a8bfe -
International Ophthalmology Clinics 2016
Review
Topics: Corneal Diseases; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26938343
DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000102 -
BMJ Case Reports Sep 2017A previously healthy 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of nausea, anorexia and weight loss. Coeliac disease was diagnosed at another hospital with...
A previously healthy 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of nausea, anorexia and weight loss. Coeliac disease was diagnosed at another hospital with positive serology and D2 biopsies and he was started on a gluten-free diet. The details of these tests were not available to us. Despite good adherence to a gluten-free diet, he continued to lose weight and became anaemic. A repeat gastroscopy showed D2 ulcers. infection was excluded, coeliac serology remained negative but D2 biopsies showed partial duodenal villous flattening with intraepithelial lymphocytosis. Type 1 refractory coeliac disease was diagnosed. Prednisolone and azathioprine were commenced but the vomiting and weight loss progressed. A subsequent gastroscopy and CT scan revealed a D3 stricture and duodenal dilatation, respectively, in keeping with superior mesenteric artery syndrome. An infracolic duodenojejunostomy was performed and immunosuppression stopped. Subsequently, all his symptoms resolved and he remains well on a gluten-free diet.
Topics: Adult; Celiac Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Diet, Gluten-Free; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Laparoscopy; Male; Recurrence; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 28928249
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219271 -
International Ophthalmology Clinics 2013
Review
Topics: Corneal Stroma; Corneal Topography; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Keratoconus; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 23221883
DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0b013e3182774453 -
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany) Nov 2020Antenatally diagnosed urinary tract dilatation (UTD) still burdens healthcare providers and parents. This study was conducted to establish long-term outcome in an...
BACKGROUND
Antenatally diagnosed urinary tract dilatation (UTD) still burdens healthcare providers and parents. This study was conducted to establish long-term outcome in an unselected group of children with antenatally detected UTD.
METHODS
Seventy-one out of 103 children born in 2003-2005 and diagnosed with antenatal UTD agreed to participate in a 12-15-year follow-up including blood and urine samples, a kidney ultrasound exam, and kidney scintigraphy. The records were searched for previous urinary tract infections.
RESULTS
Among children with an anteroposterior diameter (APD) ≤ 7 mm and no calyceal, kidney, ureteral, or bladder pathology in the early postnatal period, no one tested had reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, or UTD at the follow-up at a mean age of 13.6 years. One child had kidney damage not affecting kidney function. Among children with postnatal APD > 7 mm and/or kidney, calyceal, ureteral, or bladder pathology, 15% had persistent UTD and 32-39% (depending on the method used) had kidney damage. Major postnatal urinary tract ultrasound abnormalities and a congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) diagnosis were factors associated with an increased risk for permanent kidney damage (odds ratios 8.9, p = 0.016; and 14.0, p = 0.002, respectively). No one had reduced eGFR. One child (1/71, 1%) had a febrile urinary tract infection after the age of 2.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that in children with postnatal APD ≤ 7 mm, no calyceal dilatation, normal bladder, ureters, and kidney parenchyma, the outcome is excellent. There is no need for long-term follow-up in these patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Dilatation, Pathologic; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Male; Prenatal Diagnosis; Ultrasonography; Urinary Tract
PubMed: 32577807
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04659-4 -
Circulation Journal : Official Journal... 2014This study tested the hypothesis that aortic stiffness is increased more in patients with single ventricular (SiV) circulation and dilated aorta than in those without... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
This study tested the hypothesis that aortic stiffness is increased more in patients with single ventricular (SiV) circulation and dilated aorta than in those without aortic dilatation, and that aortic stiffness is an independent determinant of aortic dilatation in this type of patient.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and aortic size were measured during catheterization in 56 consecutive patients with SiV circulation (aortic dilatation, n=31 [observed/expected aortic root diameter >1.5]; without aortic dilatation, n=25). PWV was found to be significantly higher in the dilatation group than in the non-dilatation group (483.6±10.3 vs. 394.0±8.9 cm/s, P<0.001) after controlling for age and aortic pressure, factors known to influence PWV (P<0.001, analysis of covariance). There was a strong positive correlation between aortic root diameter and PWV (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis adding aortic flow (index of aortic volume load) to independent variables in 25 pre-Glenn patients with directly calculated aortic flow volume showed that PWV was an independent determinant of aortic dilatation (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In patients with SiV circulation and dilated aorta, aortic stiffness is increased and is an independent determinant of aortic dilatation. To improve prognosis of Fontan circulation, further studies on whether aortic stiffness modulation reduces the progression of aortic dilatation and resultant aortic regurgitation are warranted.
Topics: Aorta; Aortic Diseases; Blood Flow Velocity; Child; Child, Preschool; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Male; Pulse Wave Analysis; Tetralogy of Fallot; Vascular Stiffness
PubMed: 25109427
DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-1264 -
Journal of Ultrasound Mar 2019Urinary tract dilatation is identified sonographically in 1-2% of fetuses and reflects a spectrum of possible nephro-uropathies. There is significant variability in the... (Review)
Review
Urinary tract dilatation is identified sonographically in 1-2% of fetuses and reflects a spectrum of possible nephro-uropathies. There is significant variability in the clinical management of individuals with prenatal urinary tract dilatation to postnatal urinary pathologies, because of a lack of consensus and uniformity in defining and classifying urinary tract dilation. Ultrasonography is the first step to screen and diagnose kidneys and the urinary tract diseases of the children. The need for a correct ultrasound approach led to the realization of algorithms aimed at standardizing the procedures, the parameters and the classifications. Our objective was to highlight the strengths of the Classification of Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) suggested by the Consensus Conference which took place in 2014 with the participation of eight Scientific Societies and was subsequently published on the Journal of Pediatric Urology. Before its spread out, the definition of UTD was not uniform and the ultrasonographic measurements were not clearly defined, leading to misunderstandings between physicians. The Classification by the Consensus Conference of 2014 represents a revolutionary tool for the diagnosis and management of UTD. Furthermore, the parameters suggested by the classification proposed are applicable for both prenatal and postnatal classification, ensuring a correct follow-up in children with UTD whose diagnosis had been already made during pregnancy.
Topics: Consensus Development Conferences as Topic; Contrast Media; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Ultrasonography; Urinary Tract; Urologic Diseases
PubMed: 30484141
DOI: 10.1007/s40477-018-0340-3 -
Journal of Cataract and Refractive... Dec 2018This review compared the clinical results of transepithelial corneal crosslinking (CXL) to epithelium-off (epi-off) CXL in progressive corneal ectasia using a... (Review)
Review
This review compared the clinical results of transepithelial corneal crosslinking (CXL) to epithelium-off (epi-off) CXL in progressive corneal ectasia using a metaanalysis. The Cochrane databases and Medline were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Seven RCTs involving 505 eyes that met the eligibility criteria were identified. The epi-off CXL group showed significantly better outcomes in postoperative changes in maximum keratometry (K) during 1-year observation periods. Transepithelial CXL resulted in significantly greater post-treatment central corneal thickness and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA). The presence of a postoperative demarcation line was significantly more frequent after epi-off CXL than that after transepithelial CXL. No statistically significant difference was found between other parameters. Although patients in the transepithelial CXL group demonstrated a greater improvement in BSCVA compared with patients in the epi-off CXL group at the 1 year follow-up, transepithelial CXL had less impact on halting progressive corneal ectasia in terms of maximum K than epi-off CXL.
Topics: Collagen; Corneal Diseases; Corneal Topography; Cross-Linking Reagents; Dilatation, Pathologic; Epithelium, Corneal; Humans; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Riboflavin
PubMed: 30314751
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.08.021