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International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022The present study evaluated the properties and ochratoxin A (OTA) degradation capacity of the dietary probiotic BalaMMB-P3, isolated from a milk coagulant. The acidic...
The present study evaluated the properties and ochratoxin A (OTA) degradation capacity of the dietary probiotic BalaMMB-P3, isolated from a milk coagulant. The acidic tolerance of the isolate at pH 2-3 was checked with bile salts. No hemolytic activity was noted, which confirmed the nonpathogenicity of the strain. The isolate was tested in vitro for antibiotic susceptibility, enzymatic activity, bile salts hydrolase activity and antifungal activity against , and . A molecular docking-based OTA toxicity assessment was carried out for multitargeted proteins. The 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic assessment identified the strain as and was authenticated in GenBank. The carboxylesterase and glutathione s-transferase enzymes showed active and strong interactions with esters and amide bonds, respectively. The compound exhibited carcinogenic and cytotoxicity effects at an LD value of 20 mg/kg. Furthermore, the strain showed a potent ability to reduce OTA and suggested the prospects for utilization in nutritional aspects of food.
Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Molecular Docking Simulation; Ochratoxins; Pediococcus; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Phylogeny; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 36012326
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169062 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Dec 2022Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been known to possess bacteriocidal activity resulting from ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides called bacteriocin. This study...
Characterization of novel bacteriocin PB2 and comprehensive detection of the pediocin gene ped-A1 from Pediococcus pentosaceus PB2 strain isolated from a sorghum-based fermented beverage in Nigeria.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been known to possess bacteriocidal activity resulting from ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides called bacteriocin. This study focused on the characterization of the bactericidal activity of bacteriocin PB2 and comprehensive detection of the pediocin ped-A1 from obtained from fermented sorghum beverage, , in Nigeria against ATCC 25922 and ATCC 15313. Bacteriocin PB2 was purified in a 2-step purification using 80% NH (SO), and Carboxymethyl-Sephadex G-50 column chromatography to achieve a 12.62% purification fold. The physicochemical properties of purified bacteriocin were characterized being treated at different temperatures (20 - 120 °C), pH (2.0 - 10.0), with different detergents and enzymes (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) urea, ox-gall, and proteinase K and RNase A), organic solvents (ethanol, phenol, acetone, chloroform and isoamyl alcohol), and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (2-12 h) respectively. The molecular weight of the bacteriocin PB2 was determined to be 4.87 kDa. The antibacterial activity of bacteriocin PB2 was optimum at 40 °C and pH 5.0. The bacteriocin PB2 lost its activity on treatment with proteinase K and exposure to UV radiation (after 6 h) but was observed to have stable activity in the presence of organic solvents. Also, PB2 harbored two plasmids, 0.9 and 1.2 kb which when cured resulted in the loss of the antimicrobial activity. The mRNA transcript for pedA was detected in PB2, but not in the cured derivative, confirming the expression of the plasmid ped-A1 gene in PB2. This study validates our previous study that the PB2 strain of isolated from fermented sorghum, may be used as a probiotic toward clinically important enteropathogenic bacteria. This peptide is a potential agent for use as an alternative antibacterial agent for the treatment of drug-resistant strains of bacterial infection.
PubMed: 36388845
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00772 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology May 2016Exopolysaccharide fraction from Pediococcus pentosaceus KFT18 (PE-EPS), a lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi (a Korean fermented vegetable product), was...
AIMS
Exopolysaccharide fraction from Pediococcus pentosaceus KFT18 (PE-EPS), a lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi (a Korean fermented vegetable product), was preliminary characterized and its immunostimulating effects were analysed.
METHODS AND RESULTS
In this study, we used interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-primed RAW 264·7 macrophages and CD3/CD28-stimulated splenocytes to determine the immunotimulatory activities of PE-EPS. Upon exposure to PE-EPS, IFN-γ-primed RAW 264·7 macrophages showed significant increases in the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. Molecular data using reporter gene assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that PE-EPS upregulated transcriptional activity, DNA binding and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Furthermore, PE-EPS enhanced anti-CD3/CD28-specific proliferation and the productions of IL-2 and IFN-γ in primary splenocytes. In cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice, pretreatment with PE-EPS (5, 15 or 45 mg kg(-1) day(-1), p.o.) increased thymus and spleen indices, and improved lymphocyte and neutrophil counts.
CONCLUSION
PE-EPS stimulated the IFN-γ-primed macrophages and primary splenocytes to induce immune responses and improved the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The results in this study improved our understanding of immunostimulating activity of PE-EPS and supported its potential treatment option as a natural immunostimulant.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Cell Line; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunocompromised Host; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Spleen; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 26895351
DOI: 10.1111/jam.13099 -
PloS One 2021The present study describes the probiotic potential and functional properties of the lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus pentosaceus OBK05 isolated from buttermilk. The...
Unraveling the probiotic efficiency of bacterium Pediococcus pentosaceus OBK05 isolated from buttermilk: An in vitro study for cholesterol assimilation potential and antibiotic resistance status.
The present study describes the probiotic potential and functional properties of the lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus pentosaceus OBK05 isolated from buttermilk. The isolate OBK05 was assessed for its probiotic properties. The isolate showed notable tolerance to pH 2.0 and 3.0 (8.44, 8.35 log CFU/mL), oxbile of 0.5% at 2 and 4 h of incubation (6.97, 6.35 log CFU/mL) and higher aggregation (auto-aggregation, adhesion to hydrocarbons) than the referral strain, Lactobacillus acidophilus MTCC 10307. The adhesion efficiency to HT-29 cells was found to be maximum, corresponding to 93.5% and 97% at 1 and 2 h incubation, respectively. In addition, the isolate OBK05 showed antagonistic solid activity against bacterial pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 424 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 1133. The phenotypic antibiotic resistance of the isolate was examined before and after curing plasmids. Among the known five structural genes responsible for different antibiotic resistance, four genes indicating antibiotic resistance to kanamycin-Aph (3´´)-III, streptomycin-strA, vancomycin-vanA and ciprofloxacin-gyrA were detected by PCR amplification of genomic DNA. Further, the horizontal gene transfer from OBK05 isolate to pathogens was not found for these antibiotic resistance markers when filter and food mating were carried out as no transconjugants developed on media plates containing respective antibiotics. This indicates that the intrinsic resistance is harbored on chromosomal genes, and hence it is nontransferable to other microbes. In addition, strain OBK05 exhibited good DPPH scavenging activity of 56 to 77% and liberated free amino acid from conjugated bile acid. The strain OBK05 demonstrated a strong ability to reduce cholesterol at 12 h (17%), 24 h (27%) and 48 h (67%) of incubation.
Topics: Buttermilk; Cholesterol; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Probiotics; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 34735552
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259702 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2020isolated from fermented food and the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals have been widely identified, and some strains have been reported to reduce...
isolated from fermented food and the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals have been widely identified, and some strains have been reported to reduce inflammation, encephalopathy, obesity and fatty liver in animals. In this study, the genomes of 65 strains isolated from human and animal feces and different fermented food were sequenced and comparative genomics analysis was performed on all strains along with nine sequenced representative strains to preliminarily reveal the lifestyle of , and investigate the genomic diversity within this species. The results reveal that is not host-specific, and shares core genes encoding proteins related to translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis and signal transduction mechanisms, while its genetic diversity relates mainly to carbohydrate metabolism, and horizontally transferred DNA, especially prophages and bacteriocins encoded on plasmids. Additionally, this is the first report of a type IIA CRISPR/Cas system in This work provides expanded resources of genomes, and offers a framework for understanding the biotechnological potential of this species.
PubMed: 32174896
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00253 -
Microorganisms Sep 2019The purpose of this study was to identify potent lactic acid bacteria that could have a great impact on triticale silage fermentation at different moisture levels and...
The purpose of this study was to identify potent lactic acid bacteria that could have a great impact on triticale silage fermentation at different moisture levels and determine their anti-bacterial activity and high probiotic potential. For this purpose, (TC48) and (TC50) were isolated from fermented triticale silage. The fermentation ability of these isolates in triticale powder was studied by an ensiling method. TC48 had higher ability to ferment silage powder by increasing the lactic acid content of silage than TC50. Extracellular supernatant (ECS) of TC48 and TC50 exhibited strong antibacterial effects (inhibition zone diameters: 18-28 mm) against tested cattle pathogenic bacteria with minimum inhibitory/ minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) values of 5.0-10 mg/mL and 10-20 mg/mL, respectively. Extracellular supernatant (ECS) of TC48 and TC50 showed antibacterial activities on , , and through destruction of membrane integrity as confirmed by decreased viability, and increased 260 nm absorbing material in culture filtrate of pathogenic bacteria exposed to ECS of both strains. TC48 and TC50 strains exhibited high tolerance to artificial gastric, duodenal and intestinal fluids. TC48 showed good hydrophobicity and auto-aggregations properties. TC48 and TC50 significantly co-aggregated with , , and in a time-dependent manner. In summary, all of the bacteria had a positive impact on at least one functional property of the silage during the fermentation process. However, the addition of (TC48) and (TC50) yielded the greatest silage quality improvement, having high antibacterial and probiotic properties.
PubMed: 31487912
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090318 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules of microbial origin and alternatives to synthetic surfactants with various applications. Due to their...
Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules of microbial origin and alternatives to synthetic surfactants with various applications. Due to their environmental-friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, effectiveness to work under various environmental conditions, and non-toxic nature, they have been recently recognized as potential agents with therapeutic and commercial importance. The biosurfactant produced by various probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has enormous applications in different fields. Thus, in vitro assessment of biofilm development prevention or disruption by natural biosurfactants derived from probiotic LAB is a plausible approach that can lead to the discovery of novel antimicrobials. Primarily, this study aims to isolate, screen, and characterize the functional and biomedical potential of biosurfactant synthesized by probiotic LAB (). Characterization consists of the assessment of critical micelle concentration (CMC), reduction in surface tension, and emulsification index (% EI24). Evaluation of antibacterial, antibiofilm, anti-QS, and anti-adhesive activities of cell-bound biosurfactants were carried out against different human pathogenic bacteria (, , , and ). Moreover, bacterial cell damage, viability of cells within the biofilm, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were also evaluated. As a result, was found to produce 4.75 ± 0.17 g/L biosurfactant, which displayed a CMC of 2.4 ± 0.68 g/L and reduced the surface tension from 71.11 ± 1.12 mN/m to 38.18 ± 0.58 mN/m. cells bound to the crude biosurfactant were found to be effective against all tested bacterial pathogens. It exhibited an anti-adhesion ability and impeded the architecture of the biofilm matrix by affecting the viability and integrity of bacterial cells within biofilms and reducing the total EPS content. Furthermore, the crude biosurfactant derived from was structurally characterized as a lipoprotein by GC-MS analysis, which confirms the presence of lipids and proteins. Thus, our findings represent the potent anti-adhesion and antibiofilm potential of crude biosurfactant for the first time, which may be explored further as an alternative to antibiotics or chemically synthesized toxic antibiofilm agents.
PubMed: 34827310
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111371 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2021Probiotic administration is a potential strategy against enteric pathogen infection in either clinical treatment or animal nutrition industry, but the administration...
Probiotic administration is a potential strategy against enteric pathogen infection in either clinical treatment or animal nutrition industry, but the administration duration of probiotics varied and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A strain (YC) affiliated to , a commonly used probiotic, was isolated from fish gut and the potential role of YC against was detected in zebrafish. We found that 3- or 4-week YC administration (YC3W or YC4W) increased the resistance against while 1- or 2-week treatment (YC1W or YC2W) did not. To determine the possible reason, intestinal microbiota analysis and RNAseq were conducted. The results showed that compared with CON and YC1W, YC4W significantly increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria and elevated the gene expression of . Higher butyrate content and enhanced expression of IL1β were subsequently found in YC4W. To identify the causal relationship between butyrate and the higher pathogen resistance, different concentrations of sodium butyrate (SB) were supplemented. The results suggested that 10 mmol/kg SB addition mirrored the protective effect of YC4W by increasing the production of IL-1β. Furthermore, the increased IL-1β raised the percentage of intestinal neutrophils, which endued the zebrafish with resistance. knockdown of intestinal eliminated the anti-infection effect. Collectively, our data suggested that the molecular mechanism of probiotics determined the administration duration, which is vital for the efficiency of probiotics. Promoting host inflammation by probiotic pretreatment is one potential way for probiotics to provide their protective effects against pathogens.
Topics: Aeromonas hydrophila; Animals; Disease Resistance; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Female; Fish Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gene Expression; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Interleukin-1beta; Intestines; Male; Neutrophils; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Probiotics; Zebrafish
PubMed: 34899717
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766401 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022In this study, we evaluated the effect of probiotic bacteria supplemented at different inclusion levels in a control diet [basal diet containing 0.5%...
In this study, we evaluated the effect of probiotic bacteria supplemented at different inclusion levels in a control diet [basal diet containing 0.5% fructooligosaccharide (FOS)] on the growth performance, feed conversion ratio, immune response, and the disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp juveniles against . A control diet with 0.5% FOS but without supplementation (Control) was prepared. In addition, three other test diets were also formulated: control diet supplemented with at (i) 1 × 10 cfu g diet (P1), (ii) 1 × 10 cfu g diet (P2), or (iii) 1 × 10 cfu g diet (P3). After a 60-day feeding trial, the experimental shrimps were challenged with The results showed that dietary supplementation of significantly improved the growth performance and immune responses of juveniles. The juveniles that were fed with a P2 or P3 diet recorded the maximum increase in the final body weight, final length, weight gain, and survival rate. The total hemocyte counts, phenoloxidase, and lysozyme activity of shrimp fed with either of these two diets were significantly enhanced. The results also showed that juveniles fed with a P2 or P3 diet exhibited significantly lower mortality when challenged with . Overall results suggested that a combination of at the inclusion level of 1 × 10 cfu g diet (P2) and 0.5% FOS could be considered as a potential synbiotic formulation for improving the growth, health, and robustness of .
PubMed: 35283820
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.826151 -
Microorganisms Dec 2021In this study, 22 strains of exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacteria were isolated from silage, and the strain SSC-12 with the highest exopolysaccharide (EPS)...
In this study, 22 strains of exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacteria were isolated from silage, and the strain SSC-12 with the highest exopolysaccharide (EPS) production was used as the test strain. The SSC-12 was identified as , based upon 16S rDNA gene sequencing and Neighbor Joining (NJ) phylogenetic analysis. The analysis of the kinetic results of EPS generation of SSC-12 showed that the EPS generation reached the maximum value at 20 h of culture. The characterization study showed the EPS produced by SSC-12 was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide comprising glucose (42.6%), mannose (28.9%), galactose (16.2%), arabinose (9.4%), and rhamnose (2.9%). The EPS had good antioxidant activity, especially the activity of scavenging hydroxyl free radicals. At the same time, the EPS also had strong antibacterial ability and could completely inhibit the growth of . The EPS produced by the SSC-12 can be used as a biologically active product with potential application prospects in the feed, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
PubMed: 35056471
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010018