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Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jan 1991The strictly anaerobic intestinal Peptococcus niger H4 synthesizes three different steroidsulfatase enzymes: a constitutive arylsulfatase and two inducible...
The strictly anaerobic intestinal Peptococcus niger H4 synthesizes three different steroidsulfatase enzymes: a constitutive arylsulfatase and two inducible alkylsteroidsulfatases. The arylsulfatase desulfates estrogen-3-sulfates and phenylsulfates. The two alkylsteroidsulfatases desulfate, respectively, 3 alpha-sulfates and 3 beta-sulfates of delta 5, 5 alpha, and 5 beta androstanes, pregnanes, and bile acids. Cholesterol-3 beta-sulfate was not desulfated by the alkylsteroidsulfatases nor were steroids or bile acids that were sulfated in positions other than the 3 position. The alkylsteroidsulfatases were induced by their substrates; bile acid sulfates, however, were poor inducers of the 3 beta-sulfatase and did not induce the 3 alpha-sulfatase activity. In intact bacterial cells, taurine and sulfite suppressed the induction of the alkylsteroidsulfatases and inhibited the activity of the arylsulfatase and alkylsteroidsulfatases. In cell homogenates, the arylsulfatase and alkylsteroidsulfatases activities were inhibited by sulfite and sulfate but not by taurine. Our results support the hypothesis that the main function of the steroidsulfatases in P. niger H4 is to provide the bacteria with sulfur for dissimilatory purposes.
Topics: Arylsulfatases; Enzyme Induction; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Peptococcus; Steryl-Sulfatase; Substrate Specificity; Temperature
PubMed: 2036022
DOI: 10.1128/aem.57.1.69-76.1991 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jul 1987A strictly anaerobic gram-positive coccus, identified as Peptococcus niger, that developed sulfatase activity towards steroid-3-sulfate esters was isolated from human...
A strictly anaerobic gram-positive coccus, identified as Peptococcus niger, that developed sulfatase activity towards steroid-3-sulfate esters was isolated from human fecal material. This strain desulfated the arylsulfate esters estrone-3-sulfate (100%) and beta-estradiol-3-sulfate (50%); only trace amounts of desulfated estriol-3-sulfate were found. In addition, alkylsulfatase activity was found towards the 3 alpha-sulfates of 5 alpha-androstane-17-one and 5 beta-androstane-17-one and towards the 3 beta-sulfates of 5 alpha-androstane-17-one, delta 5-androstene-17-one, 5 alpha-pregnane-20-one, and delta 5-pregnene-20-one, all of which were 100% desulfated. No sulfatase activity was found towards the 17-sulfate esters of beta-estradiol or delta 4-androstene-3-one-17 alpha-ol. The nonsteroid arylsulfate esters paranitrophenyl sulfate, paranitrocatechol sulfate, and phenolphthalein disulfate were desulfated 70, 40, and 40%, respectively. In addition to its sulfatase activity, this strain also developed C-17 oxidoreductase activity towards the estrogens and androsta(e)nes and C-3 oxidoreductase activity towards androsta(e)nes and pregna(e)nes.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Culture Media; Feces; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Peptococcus; Steryl-Sulfatase; Sulfatases
PubMed: 3477998
DOI: 10.1128/aem.53.7.1655-1660.1987 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Aug 1988We isolated 12 strictly anaerobic steroid-3-sulfate-desulfating strains from the intestinal floras of rats and humans. Two strains (S1 and S2) of the same atypical...
We isolated 12 strictly anaerobic steroid-3-sulfate-desulfating strains from the intestinal floras of rats and humans. Two strains (S1 and S2) of the same atypical Clostridium species and an atypical Lactobacillus strain (termed R9) were obtained from rats. The human isolates were identified as Eubacterium cylindroides (two strains, H1 and H2), Peptococcus niger (two strains, H4 and H89), and Clostridium clostridiiforme. We also isolated, from different human fecal samples, four strains of phenotypically similar asaccharolytic Bacteroides strains, H6.2a, H6.2b, H65, and H175. Aryl steroid sulfatase activity for estrogen sulfates was present in all isolates. Alkyl steroid sulfatase activity for both 3 alpha- and 3 beta-sulfates was found only in P. niger H4. The same P. niger strain and Clostridium strains S1 and S2 also possessed bile acid sulfatase activity.
Topics: Animals; Arylsulfatases; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacteroides; Clostridium; Estradiol; Estrone; Eubacterium; Feces; Humans; Intestines; Lactobacillus; Peptococcus; Rats; Steroids; Steryl-Sulfatase; Substrate Specificity; Sulfatases
PubMed: 3178214
DOI: 10.1128/aem.54.8.2112-2117.1988 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jan 1992The agar dilution method was used to determine the inhibitory activities of 28 antimicrobial agents against 35 strains of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 4 strains of the...
The agar dilution method was used to determine the inhibitory activities of 28 antimicrobial agents against 35 strains of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 4 strains of the species Peptococcus niger, 20 strains of the species Megasphaera elsdenii, 7 strains from the species Acidaminococcus fermentans, 8 strains of the genus Clostridium, 11 strains of the genus Eubacterium, and 1 strain of the species Propionibacterium acidipropionici, all of which were isolated from 125 clinical cases of ovine foot rot between January 1987 and December 1988. The three unreidopenicillins studied proved to be the most active antimicrobial agents, with a high percentage of strains being susceptible at a concentration of 64 micrograms/ml. Penicillin G, ampicillin, and the three cephalosporins studied also had good activity. Fosfomycin showed a high degree of activity among the 116 anaerobic bacteria tested.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Colony Count, Microbial; Foot Rot; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Sheep
PubMed: 1590689
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.36.1.198