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Poultry Science Feb 2023Past antimicrobial misuse has led to the spread of antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogens, reportedly a major public health threat. Attempts to reduce the spread of...
Past antimicrobial misuse has led to the spread of antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogens, reportedly a major public health threat. Attempts to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria are in place worldwide, among which finding alternatives to antimicrobials have a pivotal role. Such molecules could be used as "green alternatives" to reduce the bacterial load either by targeting specific bacterial groups or more generically, functioning as biocides when delivered in vivo. In this study, the effect of in-water peracetic acid as a broad-spectrum antibiotic alternative for broilers was assessed via hydrolysis of precursors sodium percarbonate and tetraacetylethylenediamine. Six equidistant peracetic acid levels were tested from 0 to 50 ppm using four pens per treatment and 4 birds per pen (i.e., 16 birds per treatment and 96 in total). Peracetic acid was administered daily from d 7 to 14 of age whilst measuring performance parameters and end-point bacterial concentration (qPCR) in crop, jejunum, and ceca, as well as crop 16S sequencing. PAA treatment, especially at 20, 30, and 40 ppm, increased body weight at d 14, and feed intake during PAA exposure compared to control (P < 0.05). PAA decreased bacterial concentration in the crop only (P < 0.05), which was correlated to better performance (P < 0.05). Although no differences in alpha- and beta-diversity were found, it was observed a reduction of Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) and Flectobacillus (P < 0.05) in most treatments compared to control, together with an increased abundance of predicted 4-aminobutanoate degradation (V) pathway. The analysis of the AMR genes did not point towards any systematic differences in gene abundance due to treatment administration. This, together with the rest of our observations could indicate that proximal gut microbiota modulation could result in performance amelioration. Thus, peracetic acid may be a valid antimicrobial alternative that could also positively affect performance.
Topics: Animals; Peracetic Acid; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Chickens; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria
PubMed: 36566657
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102368 -
Journal of Food Protection Nov 2023Produce-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) linked to preharvest water emphasize the need for efficacious water treatment options. This...
Produce-borne outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) linked to preharvest water emphasize the need for efficacious water treatment options. This study quantified reductions of STEC and generic E. coli in preharvest agricultural water using commercially available sanitizers. Water was collected from two sources in Virginia (pond, river) and inoculated with either a seven-strain STEC panel or environmental generic E. coli strain TVS 353 (∼9 log CFU/100 mL). Triplicate inoculated water samples were equilibrated to 12 or 32°C and treated with peracetic acid (PAA) or chlorine (Cl) [low (PAA:6ppm, Cl:2-4 ppm) or high (PAA:10 ppm, Cl:10-12 ppm) residual concentrations] for an allotted contact time (1, 5, or 10 min). Strains were enumerated, and a log-linear model was used to characterize how treatment combinations influenced reductions. All Cl treatment combinations achieved a ≥3 log CFU/100 mL reduction, regardless of strain (3.43 ± 0.25 to 7.05 ± 0.00 log CFU/100 mL). Approximately 80% (19/24) and 67% (16/24) of PAA treatment combinations achieved a ≥3 log CFU/100 mL for STEC and E. coli TVS 353, respectively. The log-linear model showed contact time (10 > 5 > 1 min) and sanitizer type (Cl > PAA) had the greatest impact on STEC and E. coli TVS 353 reductions (p < 0.001). E. coli TVS 353 in water samples was more resistant to sanitizer treatment (p < 0.001) indicating applicability as a good surrogate. Results demonstrated Cl and PAA can be effective agricultural water treatment strategies when sanitizer chemistry is managed. These data will assist with the development of in-field validation studies and may identify suitable candidates for the registration of antimicrobial pesticide products for use against foodborne pathogens in preharvest agricultural water treatment.
Topics: Peracetic Acid; Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli; Chlorine; Colony Count, Microbial; Anti-Infective Agents; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 37783289
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100172 -
Cell and Tissue Banking Mar 2023In Germany, bone allografts are widely used and their application in clinics has increased over the years. Successful use of allografts depends on many factors such as...
In Germany, bone allografts are widely used and their application in clinics has increased over the years. Successful use of allografts depends on many factors such as the procurement, processing, sterilization and the surgeon's surgical experience. Tissue banks have provided safe and sterile allografts for decades ranging from hard to soft tissue. Allografts are obtained from various tissues such as bone, tendon, amniotic membrane, meniscus and skin. An advantage of allografts is their wide applicability that has never been limited by indication restrictions thus providing a huge benefit for surgeon's. The use of the correct allograft in different indications is extremely important. Thereby surgeons have access to various allograft forms such as mineralized, demineralized, freeze-dried, paste, powder, chips strips and putty. The vast options of allografts allow surgeon's to use allografts in indications they deem fit. Currently, the application of allografts is at the discretion of the expert surgeon. However, regulations are often changed locally or internationally and may impact/limit allograft use to certain indications. Here, we report the different indications where our peracetic acid (PAA) sterilised bone allografts were used as well as general literature on bone allograft use in other indications.
Topics: Transplantation, Homologous; Tissue Banks; Tendons; Sterilization; Bone Transplantation; Allografts
PubMed: 35763162
DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10015-7 -
Journal of Food Science and Technology May 2022(. ) is a quarentenary plant pathogen and the causal agent of the citrus canker. . forms biofilms and remains fixed on the surface of plant tissues, especially on...
(. ) is a quarentenary plant pathogen and the causal agent of the citrus canker. . forms biofilms and remains fixed on the surface of plant tissues, especially on leaves and fruits. Considering this, all the citrus fruits have to be sanitized before they can be commercialized. NaOCl is the main sanitizer used to decontaminate fruits in the world. Due to its toxicity, treatment with NaOCl is no longer accepted by some Europe Union countries. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate potassium bicarbonate (KHCO), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)), calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)) and peracetic acid (CHCOH) as alternatives to NaOCl for the sanitization of citrus fruit. By monitoring cell respiration and bacterial growth, we determined that peracetic acid and calcium hypochlorite exhibit bactericidal action against . Time-response growth curves and membrane integrity analyses showed that peracetic acid and calcium hypochlorite target the bacterial cytoplasmatic membrane, which is probably responsible for cell death in the first minutes of contact. The simulation of the sanitization process of citrus fruit in packinghouses showed that only peracetic acid exhibited a performance comparable to NaOCl. Among the tested compounds, peracetic acid constitutes an efficient and safer alternative to NaOCl.
PubMed: 35531424
DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05185-3 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2021The most currently recommended method for sterilization of orthodontic pliers is the autoclave, while peracetic acid has also been shown to be effective in the chemical...
INTRODUCTION
The most currently recommended method for sterilization of orthodontic pliers is the autoclave, while peracetic acid has also been shown to be effective in the chemical sterilization process.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to compare the corrosive effects of peracetic acid and autoclave sterilization process of orthodontic pliers.
METHODS
Four active tungsten carbide (WC) stainless steel tie-cutting pliers from the manufacturers Quinelato (Rio Claro, SP, Brazil) and ICE (Cajamar, SP, Brazil) were selected. The active ends of the pliers were sectioned, and six active tips were obtained and distributed into the following groups: 1) control group (no sterilization); 2) AC group (two active pliers tips submitted to 100 autoclave sterilization cycles); and 3) AP group (two active pliers tips submitted to 100 cycles of sterilization by immersion in 2% peracetic acid solution for 30 minutes).
RESULTS
Chemical analysis using X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy showed that after autoclave sterilization, only the ICE pliers presented oxidation corrosion (Δ[O] = +24.5%; Δ[Fe] = +5.8%; Δ[WC] = -1.9%). In comparison, following peracetic acid sterilization, both manufacturers ICE (Δ[O] = +1.8%; Δ[Fe] = +18.0%; Δ[WC] = -1.1%) and Quinelato (Δ[O] = +5.3%; Δ[Fe] = -10.4%; Δ[WC] = -15.2%) showed corrosion. The morphological analysis revealed that peracetic acid caused a pitting and localized corrosion in both brands, while the autoclave caused uniform surface corrosion on the ICE pliers.
CONCLUSION
Autoclave application was the sterilization method that generated less corrosive damage to the orthodontic cutting pliers, when compared to the immersion in 2% peracetic acid.
Topics: Caustics; Corrosion; Peracetic Acid; Pilot Projects; Sterilization
PubMed: 35640079
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.5.e2119353.oar -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2021One source of water contamination is the release of wastewater that has not undergone efficient treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction obtained...
One source of water contamination is the release of wastewater that has not undergone efficient treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction obtained with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), UV and peracetic acid disinfection treatment of spp., pathogenic , STEC and bacterial indicators in three full-scale municipal wastewater plants. A general reduction in was observed after disinfection, but these bacteria were detected in one UV-treated sample (culture method) and in 33%, 50% and 17% of samples collected after NaClO, UV and PAA disinfection treatments, respectively (PCR method). A better reduction was also observed under NaClO disinfection for the microbial indicators. Independent of the disinfection treatment, O157:H7 was not detected in the disinfected samples, whereas some samples treated with UV and PAA showed the presence of the gene. No reduction in the presence of genes was verified for any of the disinfection treatments. was not detected in any of the analysed samples. The overall results highlight a better reduction in microbiological parameters with a NaClO disinfection treatment in a full-scale municipal wastewater plant compared with UV and PAA. However, the results indicate that a complete and specific monitoring program is necessary to prevent a possible risk to public health.
PubMed: 33572069
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020182 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Sep 2021An effective decontamination procedure of personnel wearing personal protective equipment is required by CBRN responders and healthcare workers when dealing with...
Peracetic acid-based disinfectant is the most appropriate solution for a biological decontamination procedure of responders and healthcare workers in the field environment.
AIMS
An effective decontamination procedure of personnel wearing personal protective equipment is required by CBRN responders and healthcare workers when dealing with biological warfare agents or natural outbreaks caused by highly contagious pathogens. This study aimed to identify critical factors affecting the efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA)-based disinfectants and products containing either hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite under the same conditions.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The influence of concentration, application (contact) time, erroneous human behaviour, interfering substance, technical assets and weather conditions on disinfection efficacy against Bacillus subtilis spores were assessed in 14 experimental groups. Residual contamination of protective suits was measured to provide responders with readily understandable information (up to 100 colony forming units classified a suit as disinfected). Weather conditions, short application time and erroneous human behaviour substantially affected the effectiveness of PAAs (P < 0·05). Non-PAA-based disinfectants (either liquid or foam) did not reach comparable efficacy (P < 0·001).
CONCLUSIONS
Peracetic acid was effective at a concentration of 6400-8200 ppm and an application time of 4 min.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The study provides operationally relevant data for the use of PAA-based disinfectants in preparedness planning and management of biological incidents and natural outbreaks.
Topics: Decontamination; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Health Personnel; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Peracetic Acid; Personal Protective Equipment; Spores, Bacterial
PubMed: 33590580
DOI: 10.1111/jam.15041 -
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry May 2022Traditional ultrasound (US)-assisted disinfection is only effective during washing. Coating is an effective method to control microbial growth after washing; however,...
Combination of ultrasound-peracetic acid washing and ultrasound-assisted aerosolized ascorbic acid: A novel rinsing-free disinfection method that improves the antibacterial and antioxidant activities in cherry tomato.
Traditional ultrasound (US)-assisted disinfection is only effective during washing. Coating is an effective method to control microbial growth after washing; however, cross-contamination can occur during immersion in the coating aqueous solution. Tap water (TW) rinsing is generally used to remove sanitizer residues after US-assisted washing; however, the Food and Drug Administration stated that rinsing is unnecessary when the peracetic acid (PAA) concentration does not exceed 80 ppm. In this study, we proposed a novel US-assisted hurdle technology of 80 ppm PAA combined with low-frequency US (25 kHz) during washing, followed by US-assisted aerosolization processing (nonimmersion coating). Ascorbic acid (AA), a safe and low-cost agent, was selected as the aerosolization solution. Cherry tomatoes were selected as the model, and the proposed method was compared with traditional US-assisted disinfection methods (US-10 ppm free chlorine washing + TW rinsing and US-5 ppm chlorine dioxide washing + TW rinsing) to analyze the disinfection efficacy and quality changes. During storage, US-PAA + 1%AA facilitated additional 0.7-0.9, 0.6-0.8, 0.7-1.0, and 0.5-1.0 log CFU/g reductions in the counts of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, aerobic mesophilic counts, and molds and yeasts, respectively, as compared with traditional US-assisted methods. Sensory properties, color index, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and weight loss were not negatively affected by any of the treatments. Firmness was slightly reduced after all treatments; however, the firmness of the samples was maintained during storage, in contrast with the decreased firmness observed in the control. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity significantly increased after all treatments. Further analysis of two key enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase) involved in phenolic synthesis showed that their levels significantly increased following all treatments, leading to an increase in phenolic content and antioxidant activity. This result also indicated that US-assisted washing could act as an abiotic elicitor to increase nutritional content. Overall, US-PAA + 1%AA treatment served as an effective method for disinfecting produce during washing and for controlling microbial growth after washing without prolonging the processing time, which is an advantage over traditional US-assisted washing.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Colony Count, Microbial; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Solanum lycopersicum; Peracetic Acid; Water
PubMed: 35405541
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106001 -
Journal of Food Protection Apr 2020During poultry slaughter and processing, microbial cross-contamination between individual chickens is possible, as well as from one slaughter animal to the next without...
ABSTRACT
During poultry slaughter and processing, microbial cross-contamination between individual chickens is possible, as well as from one slaughter animal to the next without direct contact. One option for reducing the risk of cross-contamination is to decrease the number of microorganisms on contact surfaces by using disinfectants. The aim is to decontaminate the surfaces coming into direct contact with the carcasses. In the present study, the effectiveness of different disinfectants was investigated in laboratory settings, simulating the conditions in the slaughterhouses and in a chicken slaughterhouse. For this, an artificial residue substance (consisting of yeast extract, albumin, and agar) was developed, tested, and included in the assays. Two disinfectants were tested under laboratory conditions: lactic acid (5 and 6.67%) and peracetic acid (0.33 and 0.5%). At the slaughterhouse, peracetic acid (0.021%) was used. In the laboratory tests, it was found that the peracetic acid solution had the highest disinfection potential with respect to an Escherichia coli strain (reduction >4 log CFU mL-1) at 0.5% without an artificial residue substance. The tested lactic acid solutions also showed the highest disinfection potential against a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, without an artificial residue substance. When applying the artificial residue substance, the reduction potential of lactic acid and peracetic acid was decreased to less than 1.4 log CFU mL-1. Application of peracetic acid in the slaughterhouse reduced the number of total aerobic bacteria by more than 4 log CFU mL-1 and the number of Enterobacteriaceae by more than 3 log CFU mL-1, depending on the place of sampling.
Topics: Abattoirs; Animals; Chickens; Colony Count, Microbial; Disinfectants; Food Microbiology; Lactic Acid; Peracetic Acid
PubMed: 32221565
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-350 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2022To assess the effects of different peracetic acid (PAA) formulations on smear layer (SL) removal, dentine erosion, cytotoxicity, and antibiofilm activity.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of different peracetic acid (PAA) formulations on smear layer (SL) removal, dentine erosion, cytotoxicity, and antibiofilm activity.
METHODOLOGY
SL removal and dentine erosion were assessed using 90 premolars, distributed into six groups, according to final irrigation: PAA formulations (1% Sigma, 1% Bacterend OX, 1% Arposept, and 0.09-0.15% Anioxyde), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and water (control). Cytotoxicity was assessed by methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red assays. Antibacterial and antibiofilm effectiveness was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis. For cytotoxicity and antibiofilm activity assessment, the 2.5% NaOCl was also included.
RESULTS
EDTA, Sigma, and Bacterend OX removed more SL than Arposept, Anioxyde, and water (p<0.05). EDTA caused more severe dentine erosion than Sigma and Bacterend OX (p<0.05). Sigma and Bacterend OX had higher cytotoxicity than the other solutions (p<0.05). NaOCl, Bacterend OX, Sigma, and Anioxyde significantly reduced E. faecalis colony-forming units (CFU) (p<0.05). The 2.5% NaOCl solution promoted greater biofilm biomass reduction (p<0.05) than the other solutions. All PAA formulations promoted greater biomass reduction than 17% EDTA (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Although Sigma and Bacterend OX had higher cytotoxicity, they had a SL removal capability similar to that of EDTA, were as effective as NaOCl against E. faecalis biofilm, and promoted less dentine erosion than EDTA. Arposept and Anioxyde failed to remove the SL, had lower cytotoxicity, and showed less bacterial activity than NaOCl.
Topics: Biofilms; Dentin; Humans; Peracetic Acid; Root Canal Irrigants; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite
PubMed: 35352771
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0575