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Obesity Science & Practice Dec 2020Abdominal fat ultrasound (US) is a simple clinical tool that may allow measures of fat depots not visible using common dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or...
OBJECTIVE
Abdominal fat ultrasound (US) is a simple clinical tool that may allow measures of fat depots not visible using common dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or computerized tomography (CT) imaging. The aim of this study was to validate the technique, give measures of and , , and (retroperitoneal) fat and correlate them with MS markers.
METHODS
Sequential US measures of these five abdominal fat layers were done at 397 adults. Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), waist, body fat %, HOMA-IR index (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance), lipid profile and leptin were recorded. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to Cholesterol education programme adult treatment panel III (ATPIII) criteria.
RESULTS
and fat were increased among people with obesity, whereas and fat did not show any difference according to BMI or waist. Women showed thicker fat (both superficial and profound), whereas men had bigger fat. Both postmenopausal and diabetic patients had changes in fat only, whereas patients with fatty liver showed thicker and fat, as well. MS patients showed both thicker and fat. A cut-off of 54 mm in male (M)/34 mm in female (F) of fat and 22.5 mm (M)/12.5 mm (F) of fat could be predictive of later MS onset.
CONCLUSIONS
US is a valid method to measure all different abdominal fat depots. and fat measures may classify patients at risk for MS. fat depot may also correlate with fatty liver disease.
PubMed: 33354344
DOI: 10.1002/osp4.453 -
The Journal of International Medical... Nov 2021To perform a prospective study to determine the risk factors associated with perirenal haematoma development after percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB).
OBJECTIVE
To perform a prospective study to determine the risk factors associated with perirenal haematoma development after percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB).
METHODS
This multivariate prospective study collected demographic and clinical data from all consecutive adult patients that underwent real-time ultrasound-guided PRB of native kidneys. All biopsies were performed by two well-trained ultrasound physicians using 16G biopsy needles. Routine renal ultrasounds were performed within 12-24 h after biopsies in order to observe post-biopsy perirenal haematoma formation. Patients were stratified based on the occurrence of post-biopsy haematoma development.
RESULTS
This prospective study enrolled 218 patients and stratified them into a haematoma group ( = 126) and a non-haematoma group ( = 92). Binary logistic regression analysis identified female patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.990; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.125, 3.521), patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m (OR 2.660; 95% CI 1.097, 6.449) and patients with immediate post-biopsy active bleeding (IPAB) (OR 2.572; 95% CI 1.422, 4.655) as being more likely to have perirenal haematoma after real-time ultrasound guided PRB of native kidneys.
CONCLUSION
Female sex, a BMI ≥28 kg/m and IPAB were risk factors for perirenal haematoma after real-time ultrasound-guided PRB of native kidneys.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hematoma; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy; Kidney; Prospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 34786995
DOI: 10.1177/03000605211058377 -
Communications Biology Oct 2021Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are semi-domesticated animals adapted to the challenging conditions of northern Eurasia. Adipose tissues play a crucial role in northern...
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are semi-domesticated animals adapted to the challenging conditions of northern Eurasia. Adipose tissues play a crucial role in northern animals by altering gene expression in their tissues to regulate energy homoeostasis and thermogenic activity. Here, we perform transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing of adipose tissues from three different anatomical depots: metacarpal (bone marrow), perirenal, and prescapular fat in Finnish and Even reindeer (in Sakha) during spring and winter. A total of 16,212 genes are expressed in our data. Gene expression profiles in metacarpal tissue are distinct from perirenal and prescapular adipose tissues. Notably, metacarpal adipose tissue appears to have a significant role in the regulation of the energy metabolism of reindeer in spring when their nutritional condition is poor after winter. During spring, genes associated with the immune system are upregulated in the perirenal and prescapular adipose tissue. Blood and tissue parameters reflecting general physiological and metabolic status show less seasonal variation in Even reindeer than in Finnish reindeer. This study identifies candidate genes potentially involved in immune response, fat deposition, and energy metabolism and provides new information on the mechanisms by which reindeer adapt to harsh arctic conditions.
Topics: Adaptation, Biological; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Arctic Regions; Finland; Reindeer; Seasons; Siberia; Transcriptome
PubMed: 34620965
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02703-z -
Medicine Sep 2016This study aims to describe the unique characteristics of absorption fever in patients with a hematoma after percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) and distinguish it from... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
This study aims to describe the unique characteristics of absorption fever in patients with a hematoma after percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) and distinguish it from secondary infection of hematoma.We retrospectively studied 2639 percutaneous renal biopsies of native kidneys. We compared the clinical characteristics between 2 groups: complication group (gross hematuria and/or perirenal hematoma) and no complication group. The axillary temperature of patients with a hematoma who presented with fever was measured at 06:00, 10:00, 14:00, and 18:00. The onset and duration of fever and the highest body temperature were recorded. Thereafter, we described the time distribution of absorption fever and obtained the curve of fever pattern.Of 2639 patients, PRB complications were observed in 154 (5.8%) patients. Perirenal hematoma was the most common complication, which occurred in 118 (4.5%) of biopsies, including 74 small hematoma cases (thickness ≤3 cm) and 44 large hematoma cases (thickness >3 cm). Major complications were observed in only 6 (0.2%) cases resulting from a large hematoma. Of 118 patients with a perirenal hematoma, absorption fever was observed in 48 cases. Furthermore, large hematomas had a 5.23-fold higher risk for absorption fever than the small ones.Blood pressure, renal insufficiency, and prothrombin time could be risk factors for complications. Fever is common in patients with hematoma because of renal biopsy and is usually noninfectious. Evaluation of patients with post-biopsy fever is necessary to identify any obvious infection sources. If no focus is identified, empiric antibiotic therapy should not be initiated nor should prophylactic antibiotics be extended for prolonged durations. Absorption fevers will resolve in time without specific therapeutic interventions.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Child; Female; Fever; Hematoma; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 27631225
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004754 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Mar 2015Liposarcomas are neoplasms of mesodermic origin, are derived from adipose tissue and represent <1% of all malignant tumours. Primary liposarcomas of the kidney are very...
Liposarcomas are neoplasms of mesodermic origin, are derived from adipose tissue and represent <1% of all malignant tumours. Primary liposarcomas of the kidney are very rare. Here, we present the cases of two patients diagnosed with retroperitoneal perirenal myxoid liposarcoma. The patients were diagnosed via imaging, which in both cases revealed a huge right retroperitoneal tumour mass compressing the abdominal organs and large blood vessels. Surgical intervention consisting of en bloc resection of the tumour and the right kidney was performed using a transperitoneal approach. Three years after the surgery, both patients presented local recurrence, for which they underwent chemotherapy. Liposarcomas with renal origin are rare clinical entities with a high rate of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Because the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of such liposarcomas is controversial, the treatment of choice is wide surgical resection with clean margins.
PubMed: 25750026
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rju127 -
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Jun 2021To construct a preoperative evaluation system for partial nephrectomy using CT three-dimensional visualization technology and to explore its practical value.
OBJECTIVE
To construct a preoperative evaluation system for partial nephrectomy using CT three-dimensional visualization technology and to explore its practical value.
METHODS
The clinical data of the patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal tumors in Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital were collected retrospectively. At the same time, the homogenized standard data of patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal tumors were collected in 16 clinical centers in China. The CT three-dimensional visualization system was applied (IPS system, Yorktal) to evaluate tumor anatomy, blood supply, perirenal fat and other information. The parameters were summarized to build a three-dimensional nephrometry system, on the basis of which virtual surgery design and intraoperative navigation were completed.
RESULTS
A three-dimensional visualization image was established based on the enhanced CT urography. The nephrometry system included the longest diameter and volume of the tumor, proportion volume of tumor invading the parenchyma, maximum depth of the tumor invading the parenchyma, contact surface area, flatness of the tumor surface, renal segment where the tumor was located, vascular variation, and perirenal fat. The average two-dimensional diameter of the tumor was (2.78±1.43) cm, the average three-dimensional maximum diameter was (3.09±1.35) cm, and the average postoperative pathological size was (3.01±1.38) cm. The maximum tumor diameter in the three-dimensional image was significantly related to the prolonged renal artery clamping time and intra-operative blood loss (=0.502, =0.020; =0.403, =0.046). The three-dimensional and pathological tumor volume were (25.7±48.4) cm and (33.0±36.4) cm, respectively (=0.229). The tumor volume was significantly related to the intraoperative blood loss (=0.660, < 0.001). The proportion volume of the tumor invading into renal parenchyma was significantly related to the prolongation of renal artery clamping and the occurrence of postoperative complications (=0.410, =0.041; =0.587, =0.005). The tumor contact surface area and the presence of vascular variation did not show correlation with the perioperative data and postoperative complications. While the preoperative evaluation was completed, the reconstructed three-dimensional image could be zoomed, rotated, combined display, color adjustment, transparency, and simulated cutting on the Touch Viewer system. The process generally consisted of showing or hiding the tissue, adjusting the transparency of the interested area, rotating and zooming the image to match the position of the surgical patient. Together, these functions met the requirements of preoperative virtual surgery plan and intraoperative auxiliary navigation.
CONCLUSION
Three-dimensional images can provide a more intuitive anatomical structure. The CT three-dimensional visua-lization system clearly displays tumor anatomical parameters, blood supply and perirenal fat. The three-dimensional nephrometry system for renal tumors can help predict the difficulty of partial nephrectomy and perioperative complications. Importing the reconstructed three-dimensional visualization image into the specified program or robot operating system can complete virtual surgery and intraoperative navigation, helping the surgeon to better grasp the surgical process. The indexes included in the nephrometry system and the score weights of each index need to be confirmed and perfected by multi-center study with large samples.
Topics: China; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Nephrectomy; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34145871
DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.03.030 -
Oncotarget Apr 2017Laparoscopic cryoablation (LCA) and percutaneous cryoablation(PCA) have been used on patients with small renal masses(SRMs) for many years. However, clinical studies... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
CONTEXT
Laparoscopic cryoablation (LCA) and percutaneous cryoablation(PCA) have been used on patients with small renal masses(SRMs) for many years. However, clinical studies assessing their feasibility and safety have reported contradictory outcomes. This systematic evaluation was performed to obtain comprehensive evidence with regard to the feasibility and safety of PCA compared with LCA.
METHODS
A systematic search of Embase, Pubmed, Medline, the Cochrane Library were performed to identify studies that compared LCA with PCA were published up to Mar 2016. Outcomes of interest included perioperative, pathologic variables, and complications.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies estimating LCA versus PCA were included for meta-analysis. Patients undergoing PCA were significantly older(WMD = -0.16 years; P = 0.01) and patients with posterior tumors were significantly prefer undergoing PCA than LCA(OR = 0.23; P = 0.0007), whereas patients with anterior tumors were significantly prefer undergoing LCA(OR = 3.82; P = 0.02). although PCA was associated with shorter hospital stay(WMD = 1.17 days; P < 0.0001) and higher incidence rate of perirenal hematoma(OR = 0.18; P < 0.0001). All the other analyzed parameters were similar, regardless of the surgical approach.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients undergoing PCA have shorter hospital stay and PCA was more frequently used in older patients and posterior tumors. Whereas LCA was associated with lower incidence rate of perirenal hematoma. Further multicenter, prospective and long-term follow-up RCTs are required to verify these findings.
Topics: Cryosurgery; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Odds Ratio; Postoperative Complications; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 28199973
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15273 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2021(NT3), through activation of its tropomyosin-related kinase receptor C (TrkC), modulates neuronal survival and neural stem cell differentiation. It is widely...
UNLABELLED
(NT3), through activation of its tropomyosin-related kinase receptor C (TrkC), modulates neuronal survival and neural stem cell differentiation. It is widely distributed in peripheral tissues (especially vessels and pancreas) and this ubiquitous pattern suggests a role for NT3, outside the nervous system and related to metabolic functions. The presence of the NT3/TrkC pathway in the adipose tissue (AT) has never been investigated. Present work studies in human and murine adipose tissue (AT) the presence of elements of the NT3/TrkC pathway and its role on lipolysis and adipocyte differentiation. qRT-PCR and immunoblot indicate that NT3 (encoded by ) was present in human retroperitoneal AT and decreases with age. NT3 was also present in rat isolated adipocytes and retroperitoneal, interscapular, perivascular, and perirenal AT. Histological analysis evidences that NT3 was mainly present in vessels irrigating AT close associated to sympathetic fibers. Similar mRNA levels of TrkC (encoded by ) and β-adrenoceptors were found in all ATs assayed and in isolated adipocytes. NT3, through TrkC activation, exert a mild effect in lipolysis. Addition of NT3 during the differentiation process of human pre-adipocytes resulted in smaller adipocytes and increased uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) without changes in β-adrenoceptors. Similarly, transgenic mice with reduced expression of NT3 (Ntf3 knock-in lacZ reporter mice) or lacking endothelial NT3 expression (Ntf3flox1/flox2;Tie2-Cre+/0) displayed enlarged white and brown adipocytes and lower UCP-1 expression.
CONCLUSIONS
NT3, mainly released by blood vessels, activates TrkC and regulates adipocyte differentiation and browning. Disruption of NT3/TrkC signaling conducts to hypertrophied white and brown adipocytes with reduced expression of the thermogenesis marker UCP-1.
Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Aged; Aging; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Vessels; Body Weight; Cell Differentiation; Cell Size; Female; Humans; Lipolysis; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, trkC; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Signal Transduction; Sympathetic Nervous System; Uncoupling Protein 1; Rats
PubMed: 33815288
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.630097 -
Korean Journal of Urology Jul 2012Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune thrombocytopenia with a usually benign clinical course. Bleedings are mostly of the mucocutaneous type with mild...
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune thrombocytopenia with a usually benign clinical course. Bleedings are mostly of the mucocutaneous type with mild symptoms. Massive bleedings requiring transfusion are rarely seen, unless the number of platelets decreases to extremely low levels. In this case, bilateral perirenal hematoma and bilateral distal ureteral stones were detected on a non-contrast computed tomography scan of a 57-year-old male patient who developed macroscopic hematuria during his treatment in the clinics of internal medicine because of left flank pain and diffuse petechial rashes all over his body. The patient, who had been receiving chronic ITP treatment for 1 year, had a very low platelet count (4,000/mm(3)). The patient was prescribed bed rest, and his platelet count increased to a safe level for surgical intervention of above 50,000/mm(3) with administration of prednisolone, intravenous immune globulin, and platelet suspension. A stone-free state was achieved after bilateral ureterorenoscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy. A conservative approach was followed for the perirenal hematoma. Upon regression of the perirenal hematoma, the patient was discharged at 9 weeks postoperatively.
PubMed: 22866224
DOI: 10.4111/kju.2012.53.7.502 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2022Recent studies highlighted the influence of epigenetic marks in the variability of many complex traits, both in plants and animals. These studied focused only on...
Recent studies highlighted the influence of epigenetic marks in the variability of many complex traits, both in plants and animals. These studied focused only on specific sites of the genome having differentially methylated profiles among individuals and/or tissues. In contrast, we recently used the methylation rate of the entire genome as a unique measure considered as a novel quantitative phenotype in sheep. This phenotype named global DNA methylation rate (GDMR), measured by luminometric assay, integrates the methylation level of each CpG dinucleotide within the 6 million of CCGG sites along the ovine genome. GDMR measured in blood previously showed moderate heritability of 0.20 and provided evidence for a genetic determinism. The main objective of the present study was to better characterize the GDMR phenotype in various tissues and investigate its variability in several breeds of sheep reared in the same environment. GDMR was measured on blood samples collected monthly from 59 growing male and female lambs (24 Romane, 23 Blackbelly and 12 Charollais), between birth and 4 months of age. Blood GDMR was on average around 80% and was influenced by the sampling date ( < 0.001), the breed ( = 0.002) and the sex ( = 0.002). In addition, GDMR was determined in 12 somatic (frontal lobe, pituitary gland, heart, lung, sub cutaneous and perirenal adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver, spleen, adrenal gland, medulla and cortical kidney) and 6 reproductive tissues (ovary, oviduct, uterus, testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle). GDMR was on average 70% in somatic tissues but marked variation was observed depending on the tissue. The GDMR measured in blood was higher than that measured in other somatic tissues, and is not a good proxy of less accessible tissues. Female reproductive tissues had a 10% higher GDMR than male reproductive tissues. We demonstrated a significant influence of the breed on blood GDMR, certainly reflecting the influence of different genetic backgrounds. The effect of the breed on GDMR may be related to their specific abilities to adapt to and live in different conditions.
PubMed: 35360841
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.791283