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Korean Journal of Radiology 2010There are a variety of fat-containing lesions that can arise in the intraperitoneal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Some of these fat-containing lesions, such as... (Review)
Review
There are a variety of fat-containing lesions that can arise in the intraperitoneal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Some of these fat-containing lesions, such as liposarcoma and retroperitoneal teratoma, have to be resected, although resection can be deferred for others, such as adrenal adenoma, myelolipoma, angiomyolipoma, ovarian teratoma, and lipoma, until the lesions become large or symptomatic. The third group tumors (i.e., mesenteric panniculitis and pseudolipoma of Glisson's capsule) require medical treatment or no treatment at all. Identifying factors such as whether the fat is macroscopic or microscopic within the lesion, the origin of the lesions, and the presence of combined calcification is important for narrowing the differential diagnosis. The development and wide-spread use of modern imaging modalities make identification of these factors easier so narrowing the differential diagnosis is possible. At the same time, lesions that do not require immediate treatment are being incidentally found at an increasing rate with these same imaging techniques. Thus, the questions about the treatment methods have become increasingly important. Classifying lesions in terms of the necessity of performing surgical treatment can provide important information to clinicians, and this is the one of a radiologist's key responsibilities.
Topics: Abdominal Fat; Adult; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Adipose Tissue; Peritoneal Cavity; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Retroperitoneal Space; Tomography, Spiral Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 20461188
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2010.11.3.333 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Jan 2010The peritoneal cavity is a membrane-bound and fluid-filled abdominal cavity of mammals, which contains the liver, spleen, most of the gastro-intestinal tract and other...
The peritoneal cavity is a membrane-bound and fluid-filled abdominal cavity of mammals, which contains the liver, spleen, most of the gastro-intestinal tract and other viscera. It harbors a number of immune cells including macrophages, B cells and T cells. The presence of a high number of naïve macrophages in the peritoneal cavity makes it a preferred site for the collection of naïve tissue resident macrophages. The peritoneal cavity is also important to the study of B cells because of the presence of a unique peritoneal cavity-resident B cell subset known as B1 cells in addition to conventional B2 cells. B1 cells are subdivided into B1a and B1b cells, which can be distinguished by the surface expression of CD11b and CD5. B1 cells are an important source of natural IgM providing early protection from a variety of pathogens. These cells are autoreactive in nature, but how they are controlled to prevent autoimmunity is still not understood completely. On the contrary, CD5+ B1a cells possess some regulatory properties by virtue of their IL-10 producing capacity. Therefore, peritoneal cavity B1 cells are an interesting cell population to study because of their diverse function and many unaddressed questions associated with their development and regulation. The isolation of peritoneal cavity resident immune cells is tricky because of the lack of a defined structure inside the peritoneal cavity. Our protocol will describe a procedure for obtaining viable immune cells from the peritoneal cavity of mice, which then can be used for phenotypic analysis by flow cytometry and for different biochemical and immunological assays.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cytological Techniques; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Mice; Peritoneal Cavity
PubMed: 20110936
DOI: 10.3791/1488 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Mar 2015Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy. Our study was to introduce a standardized surgical procedure of retrograde radical cystectomy and...
BACKGROUND
Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy. Our study was to introduce a standardized surgical procedure of retrograde radical cystectomy and consequent peritoneal cavity reconstruction in localized male bladder cancer.
METHODS
Eighty-four consecutive male patients with localized bladder cancer (clinical stage T2 or lower) underwent surgery in our institute with the proposed procedure between May 2012 and April 2013. Median age was 65 years (range, 35 to 83 years); patient characteristics, surgical parameters, perioperative complications, pathology, and short-term prognosis were analyzed. Median follow-up was 24 months (range, 18 to 30 months).
RESULTS
The complete procedure including urinary diversion took 4.0 h (2.2 to 5.0 h), with a median exposed peritoneal cavity of 45 min (0 to 75 min); the median blood loss was 140 ml (50 to 600 ml), and 2 patients needed transfusion; neurovascular bundles were reserved in 76 cases; the median abdominal and pelvic drainage was 9.0 days (6 to 15 days), the median gastrointestinal recovery was 2.5 days (1 to 12 days), and the median postoperative hospital stay was 13.0 days (10 to 21 days). Four patients had severe surgical complications, and two had mild to moderate ileus, with recovery in 1 and 2 weeks with supportive treatment. No perioperative deaths or postoperative recurrence were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
The surgical procedure in male localized bladder cancer described in the present study provided surgical facilities, with limited abdominal organ disturbance and satisfactory tumor control. The procedure was associated with good gastrointestinal recovery, few postoperative complications, and a short hospital stay.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cohort Studies; Cystectomy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Staging; Peritoneal Cavity; Postoperative Complications; Prognosis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 25886313
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0561-2 -
Nephron. Clinical Practice 2009Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This review discusses the current understanding of the aetiology... (Review)
Review
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This review discusses the current understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of EPS, highlighting histological features which differentiate it from simple sclerosis of the peritoneal membrane which develops with time on PD. Diagnostic criteria are presented, including the role of imaging techniques. To date there are no randomised controlled trials to guide therapy; however, surgical techniques are an important treatment option. Collaborative research will be essential if this serious problem facing PD is to be solved.
Topics: Humans; Peritoneal Cavity; Peritoneal Dialysis; Sclerosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 19147997
DOI: 10.1159/000191214 -
BMJ Open Jan 2023Intraperitoneal dissemination is a major problem resulting in very poor prognosis and a rapid marked deterioration in the quality of life of patients. Pressurised...
Nab-PIPAC: a phase IB study protocol of intraperitoneal cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel administered by pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in the treatment of advanced malignancies confined to the peritoneal cavity.
INTRODUCTION
Intraperitoneal dissemination is a major problem resulting in very poor prognosis and a rapid marked deterioration in the quality of life of patients. Pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an emergent laparoscopic procedure aiming to maximise local efficacy and to reduce systemic side effects.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
Nab-PIPAC, a bicentre open-label phase IB, aims to evaluate safety of nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin association using in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of gastric, pancreatic or ovarian origin as ≥1 prior line of systemic therapy. Using a 3+3 design, sequential intraperitoneal laparoscopic application of nab-paclitaxel (7.5, 15, 25, 37.5, 52.5 and 70 mg/m) and cisplatin (10.5 mg/m) through a nebuliser to a high-pressure injector at ambient temperature with a maximal upstream pressure of 300 psi. Treatment maintained for 30 min at a pressure of 12 mm Hg and repeated4-6 weeks intervals for three courses total.A total of 6-36 patients are expected, accrual is ongoing. Results are expected in 2024.The primary objective of Nab-PIPAC trial is to assess tolerability and safety of nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin combination administered intraperitoneally by PIPAC in patients with PC of gastric, pancreatic or ovarian origin. This study will determine maximum tolerated dose and provide pharmacokinetic data.
ETHIC AND DISSEMINATION
Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committees of Geneva and Vaud (CCER-2018-01327). The study findings will be published in an open-access, peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences and research meetings.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT04000906.
Topics: Humans; Cisplatin; Peritoneal Cavity; Doxorubicin; Quality of Life; Aerosols; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
PubMed: 36604127
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067691 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2019Acinetobacter baumannii infection has become a major cause of healthcare-associated infection and a critical pathogen in the WHO antimicrobial resistance research and...
Acinetobacter baumannii infection has become a major cause of healthcare-associated infection and a critical pathogen in the WHO antimicrobial resistance research and development priority list. Catheter-related septicemia is one of the major clinical manifestations of A. baumannii infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we used a clinical A. baumannii strain (LAC-4) that is hypervirulent to immunocompetent C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice and established a mouse model of intraperitoneal (i.p.) A. baumannii infection. Our study showed that i.p. LAC-4 infection of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice induces a lethal or sublethal infection with high bacterial burdens in peritoneal cavity, blood and tissues and the infected mice either succumbed to the infection within 24 hours or completely recovered from the infection. The infection induces acute peritoneal recruitment of neutrophils and other innate immune cells, and the local and systemic production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-α, RANTES, MIP-1β, MCP-1, KC and IL-10). Mechanistic studies suggest an important role of macrophages in the host innate defense in this model in that in vitro stimulation of peritoneal macrophages with killed LAC-4 induced a similar pattern of cytokine/chemokine responses to those in the infected mice, and depletion of peritoneal macrophages rendered the mice significantly more susceptible to the infection. Thus, this mouse infection model will provide an alternative and useful tool for future pathogenesis studies of A. baumannii-associated septicemia and identification and characterization of important virulence factors, as well as serve as a surrogate model for rapid evaluation of novel therapeutics and vaccines for this emerging infectious agent.
Topics: Acinetobacter Infections; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acute Disease; Animals; Bacterial Load; Chemokines; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Kinetics; Macrophage Activation; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbial Viability; Peritoneal Cavity; Virulence
PubMed: 31024025
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43000-4 -
Acta Cirurgica Brasileira Sep 2018To evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on prevention of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after laparotomy.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on prevention of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after laparotomy.
METHODS
Fifty four rats underwent laparotomy; stitches were made in the four quadrant parietal peritoneum and abdominal cavity closure. Animals were divided into three groups: 1 - control; 2 - subjected to high pressures and oxygenation; 3 - subjected to 100% hyperbaric oxygenation. The animals in groups 2 and 3 were daily submitted to oxygenation hyperbaric chamber after surgery. On the seventh day another laparotomy, registration of procedure, assessment of adhesions and biopsies of the peritoneum were held. Professionals analyzed the videos and the biopsies.
RESULTS
Peritoneal cavity adhesions occurred in animals of three groups with no difference between them. In Group 3, the adhesions presented more fragile and vascular proliferation more pronounced, and there was no difference in comparison with the first and second groups. However, there was no significant difference in the evaluation of these parameters between the animals in groups 1 and 2.
CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative hyperbaric oxygenation in rats submitted to laparotomy did not alter the frequency, but reduced the density of adhesions in the peritoneal cavity and promoted vascular proliferation. The change in atmospheric pressure alone had no influence on the results.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Laparotomy; Peritoneal Cavity; Postoperative Complications; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 30328915
DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180090000011 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Apr 2020Desmoplastic small round-cell tumour is a very rare neoplasm, which usually arises from the abdominal or pelvic peritoneum of adolescents and young adults. Early... (Review)
Review
Desmoplastic small round-cell tumour is a very rare neoplasm, which usually arises from the abdominal or pelvic peritoneum of adolescents and young adults. Early diagnosis is difficult, because most tumours present with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms after a long asymptomatic period. It is generally a very aggressive tumour, which grows rapidly with poor prognosis and an overall five-year survival rate of 15% despite multimodal treatment. Despite multiple treatment strategies, the management of desmoplastic small round-cell tumour still remains a clinical challenge and no consensus about a therapeutic protocol has been established. A 35-year-old man presented with mild abdominal pain, constipation and weight gain, and was eventually diagnosed with desmoplastic small round-cell tumour, which was shown to be limited to the abdomen. After incomplete debulking surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, he developed multiple metastatic nodular foci in chest and the pleura and, unfortunately, he died due to disease progression.
Topics: Adult; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant; Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures; Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Male; Peritoneal Cavity; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31973562
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2019.0180 -
California Medicine Aug 1961
Topics: Foreign Bodies; Granuloma; Humans; Medical Records; Mineral Oil; Peritoneal Cavity; Petrolatum
PubMed: 13778798
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Agricultural and... Dec 2018Data on the possible role of peritoneal fluid free radical-mediated oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of endometriosis still remains inconsistent. The aim of the...
INTRODUCTION
Data on the possible role of peritoneal fluid free radical-mediated oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of endometriosis still remains inconsistent. The aim of the study was to determine iron metabolism markers and their influence on oxidative stress arameters in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
110 women with endometriosis and 119 patients with benign ovarian cysts were included in the study. All visible peritoneal fluid was aspirated during laparoscopy from the anterior and posterior cul-de-sacs. under direct vision to avoid blood contamination. Haemoglobin, iron, total oxidative status, and total antioxidant status were measured using standard colourimetric kits.
RESULTS
Haemoglobin, iron levels, as well as total oxidative status values were significantly higher, whereas total antioxidant status values were significantly lower in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis, in comparison to the reference groups. No differences were observed in peritoneal fluid concentrations of all parameters measured in relation to the phase of the menstrual cycle.
CONCLUSIONS
Peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis is characterized by disrupted iron metabolism. This is most likely related to an increased number of erythrocytes in the peritoneal cavity of endometriotic women, which leads to a higher concentration of haemoglobin in this environment. Impaired iron homeostasis may have a significant influence on the pathophysiology of peritoneal endometriosis by the direct impact of haemoglobin derivatives and/or formation of the pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative environment. Peritoneal cavity oxidative stress occurs predominantly in women in advanced stages of the disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ascitic Fluid; Biomarkers; Endometriosis; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Iron; Laparoscopy; Middle Aged; Ovarian Cysts; Oxidative Stress; Peritoneal Cavity; Young Adult
PubMed: 30586986
DOI: 10.26444/aaem/75802