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Scientific Reports Jan 2021The present study has focused on the degradation of phenazopyridine (PhP) as an emerging contaminant through catalytic ozonation by novel plasma treated natural limonite...
The present study has focused on the degradation of phenazopyridine (PhP) as an emerging contaminant through catalytic ozonation by novel plasma treated natural limonite (FeOOH·xHO, NL) under argon atmosphere (PTL/Ar). The physical and chemical characteristics of samples were evaluated with different analyses. The obtained results demonstrated higher surface area for PTL/Ar and negligible change in crystal structure, compared to NL. It was found that the synergistic effect between ozone and PTL/Ar nanocatalyst was led to highest PhP degradation efficiency. The kinetic study confirmed the pseudo-first-order reaction for the PhP degradation processes included adsorption, peroxone and ozonation, catalytic ozonation with NL and PTL/Ar. Long term application (6 cycles) confirmed the high stability of the PTL/Ar. Moreover, different organic and inorganic salts as well as the dissolved ozone concentration demonstrated the predominant role of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals in PhP degradation by catalytic Ozonation using PTL/Ar. The main produced intermediates during PhP oxidation by PTL/Ar catalytic ozonation were identified using LC-(+ESI)-MS technique. Finally, the negligible iron leaching, higher mineralization rate, lower electrical energy consumption and excellent catalytic activity of PTL/Ar samples demonstrate the superior application of non-thermal plasma for treatment of NL.
PubMed: 33441829
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80200-9 -
Journal of Medical Toxicology :... Jun 2008The use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, known as "ecstasy"), a synthetic amphetamine and "club drug," has been associated with acute, transient urinary...
INTRODUCTION
The use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, known as "ecstasy"), a synthetic amphetamine and "club drug," has been associated with acute, transient urinary retention. We report a case of neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary retention associated with MDMA abuse.
CASE REPORT
A 21-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) because he had abdominal pain and difficulty urinating. He had experienced difficulty in initiating urination over the past 1.5 months, with periods of 24 to 36 hours between voids and large volumes of urine. The patient had a chronic pattern of MDMA use, taking 4 tablets/day for 3 months. Two weeks before coming to the ED, he had been admitted to an inpatient drug rehabilitation center. During the time since that admission, the patient had visited EDs repeatedly for insertion and removal of Foley catheters to relieve the urinary retention until he could be admitted to a urologic service. Cystometrogram was abnormal, finding no sensation of bladder fullness after instillation of 350 mL of saline and inability to generate a voluntary voiding pressure. Cystoscopy revealed no outlet obstruction. The findings were consistent with neurogenic bladder. The patient was given prescriptions for bethanecol and phenazopyridine, and told to continue a 10-day course of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim for urinary tract infection. He was discharged with a Foley catheter in place. Symptoms of urinary retention persisted at 1-year follow-up, despite self-catheterization and complete cessation of MDMA use.
CONCLUSION
Chronic MDMA use may lead to neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary retention.
Topics: Adult; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Bethanechol; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chronic Disease; Cystoscopy; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Phenazopyridine; Treatment Outcome; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Retention
PubMed: 18570171
DOI: 10.1007/BF03160964 -
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Nov 2016The plasma-modified clinoptilolite (PMC) nanorods were prepared from natural clinoptilolite (NC) utilizing environmentally-friendly corona discharge plasma. The PMC and...
The plasma-modified clinoptilolite (PMC) nanorods were prepared from natural clinoptilolite (NC) utilizing environmentally-friendly corona discharge plasma. The PMC and NC were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, XPS and BET, which confirmed the nanocatalyst formation. The catalytic performance of the PMC in the heterogeneous sono-Fenton-like process was greater than the NC for treatment of phenazopyridine (PhP). The desired amounts were obtained for experimental parameters including initial pH (5), PMC dosage (2g/L), K2S2O8 concentration (2mmol/L), ultrasonic power (300W) and PhP concentration (10mg/L). Reactive oxygen species scavengers decreased the removal efficiency of the PhP. The treatment process followed pseudo-first order kinetic and seven degradation intermediates were identified by the GC-MS technique.
PubMed: 27245954
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.04.015 -
Applied Microbiology Jul 1974A new dip-inoculum method for detecting bacteriuria which utilizes dehydrated media pads and a nitrite pad attached to a small plastic strip was evaluated in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A new dip-inoculum method for detecting bacteriuria which utilizes dehydrated media pads and a nitrite pad attached to a small plastic strip was evaluated in hospitalized patients. Discrepant interpretations were made by independent observers in 9.3% of the specimens with > 10(5) colonies per ml. The media pads failed to support growth of yeast and gave variable results with Staphylococcus epidermidis and non-group D streptococci. False-negative culture results commonly occurred if the patients were receiving antibiotics. The nitrite test occasionally remained positive for brief periods after the elimination of bacteriuria by antibiotics. Conditions and drugs (especially phenazopyridine) which discolor urine interfered with reading both the culture and nitrite tests. Although not suitable for hospital use, or for monitoring therapy, the test strip is probably as reliable as the calibrated loop-streak plate culture for office screening.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacteriuria; Cell Count; Culture Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Evaluation Studies as Topic; False Negative Reactions; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Methods; Nitrites; Reagent Strips
PubMed: 4844272
DOI: 10.1128/am.28.1.95-99.1974 -
British Medical Journal Feb 1972
Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Local; Azo Compounds; False Positive Reactions; Female; Humans; Phenazopyridine; Porphyrias; Porphyrins; Pyridines; Pyrroles; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 5058163
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5797.421 -
AAPS PharmSciTech Oct 2015
Topics: Administration, Oral; Biological Availability; Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Meclizine; Nonprescription Drugs; Phenazopyridine; Solubility; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 25680355
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0297-x -
The Western Journal of Emergency... Sep 2016
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Methemoglobinemia; Phenazopyridine; Pyelonephritis
PubMed: 27625731
DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2016.6.30504 -
Journal of Medical Genetics Aug 1983A 25-year-old woman taking usual doses of phenazopyridine developed her third clinically significant episode of cyanosis. Life threatening methaemoglobinaemia was...
A 25-year-old woman taking usual doses of phenazopyridine developed her third clinically significant episode of cyanosis. Life threatening methaemoglobinaemia was documented and was treated with methylene blue. The patient and several members of her family showed decreased activities of erythrocyte NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, predisposing them to the development of clinically significant methaemoglobinaemia when challenged with oxidant drugs.
Topics: Adult; Aminopyridines; Cytochrome Reductases; Female; Humans; Methemoglobinemia; NADH Dehydrogenase; Pedigree; Phenazopyridine
PubMed: 6620333
DOI: 10.1136/jmg.20.4.307 -
Blood Oct 1982A simplified, sensitive, solid-phase radioimmunoassay employing 125I-staphylococcal protein A has been developed that is capable of detecting bound antiplatelet IgG as...
A simplified, sensitive, solid-phase radioimmunoassay employing 125I-staphylococcal protein A has been developed that is capable of detecting bound antiplatelet IgG as well as serum auto-, allo-, and drug-dependent antiplatelet antibodies. The simplified assay employs a ratio of test over control platelet counts per minute (cpm) for detection of positive results. All reagents are commercially available. The assay can be performed with as little as 10(6) washed platelets (10 microliters of whole blood) that have been stored for as long as 8 wk at 4 degrees C in microtiter plates. The assay time, employing stored platelets, is 4 hr. Bound platelet IgG is positive in 93% of 46 thrombocytopenic patients with autoimmune disease and correlates inversely with their platelet count, r = -0.65, p less than 0.001. The ability of this assay to detect serum antibody was studied with a rabbit anti-human platelet antibody capable of giving optimal immunoprecipitation with solubilized platelet membranes at a tier of 1:10. The present assay increases the sensitivity of antibody detection 256-fold to a titer of 1:2560. Human serum antiplatelet membrane antibody was positive in 2 of 2 patients with anti-PLA-1 antibody (titers of 1:256 and greater than 1:64); 7 of 12 multiply transfused patients who were refractory to platelet transfusion (2 had titers of greater than 1:256 and greater than 1:32); 5 of 19 patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (2 had titers of 1:64 and 1:32); and 10 of 14 patients with clinical histories of drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody (2 had titers of 1:1280 for quinidine and 1:384 for phenazopyridine).
Topics: Animals; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Platelets; Blood Preservation; Humans; IgA Vasculitis; Immunoglobulin G; Isoantibodies; Platelet Adhesiveness; Quinidine; Rabbits; Radioimmunoassay; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 7115949
DOI: No ID Found -
The Western Journal of Medicine May 1975
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Methemoglobinemia; Phenazopyridine; Pyridines; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 1130038
DOI: No ID Found