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FEBS Letters Dec 2014Sialyltransferase structures fall into either GT-A or GT-B glycosyltransferase fold. Some sialyltransferases from the Photobacterium genus have been shown to contain an...
Sialyltransferase structures fall into either GT-A or GT-B glycosyltransferase fold. Some sialyltransferases from the Photobacterium genus have been shown to contain an additional N-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain. Photobacterium damselae α2-6-sialyltransferase has been used efficiently in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of α2-6-linked sialosides. Here we report three crystal structures of this enzyme. Two structures with and without a donor substrate analog CMP-3F(a)Neu5Ac contain an immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain and adopt the GT-B sialyltransferase fold. The binary structure reveals a non-productive pre-Michaelis complex, which are caused by crystal lattice contacts that prevent the large conformational changes. The third structure lacks the Ig-domain. Comparison of the three structures reveals small inherent flexibility between the two Rossmann-like domains of the GT-B fold.
Topics: Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; Metals; Models, Molecular; Photobacterium; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sialyltransferases; beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase
PubMed: 25451227
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.11.003 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2019Photobacteria are common psychrophilic bacteria found in marine environments. Recently, several studies revealed high numbers of () spp. on packaged fresh meat. Their...
Photobacteria are common psychrophilic bacteria found in marine environments. Recently, several studies revealed high numbers of () spp. on packaged fresh meat. Their occurrence appears relevant for the spoilage of meat, since species of the genus are already known as potent fish spoilage organisms. Here we report on distribution, biodiversity, and specific traits of ( = 31), ( = 24), and ( = 3) strains from different foods. Biodiversity was assessed by genomic fingerprinting, diversity index analysis, growth dynamics, comparison of metabolic activities, and antibiotic resistance. We observed a ubiquitous occurrence of the species on all common meats independent of packaging conditions and producer, suggesting contamination during an established processing or packaging step. Regarding biodiversity, the three species differed clearly in their growth properties and metabolic characteristics, with growing the fastest and showing the strongest alkalization of the media. On strain level we also recorded variations in enzymatic reactions, acid production, and antibiotic resistances not restricted to specific meat types. This depicts high biodiversity on species and strain level on each contaminated meat sample. Our analysis showed that meat-borne strains of and clearly differ from their type strains from a marine habitat. Additionally, we report for the first time isolation of strains from packaged fish, which in contrast showed comparable phenotypic properties to meat-borne strains. This hints at different initial origins of (marine background) and (no demonstrated marine background) contaminations on fish and meat, respectively.
PubMed: 31749770
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02399 -
PeerJ 2020Fish skin and gut microbiomes contribute to host health and growth and are often significantly different in aquaculture-reared fish compared to wild fish. Determining...
Fish skin and gut microbiomes contribute to host health and growth and are often significantly different in aquaculture-reared fish compared to wild fish. Determining how factors associated with aquaculture, including altered diet and abiotic conditions, affect the microbiome will assist with optimizing farming practices and non-invasively assessing fish health. Here, juvenile yellowtail kingfish () housed at optimal (22 °C) and non-optimal (26 °C) water temperature were fed a fishmeal control diet or the same diet substituted with 30% soy-protein concentrate (SPC) in order to investigate impacts on host health and the microbial community composition of the skin mucosa, gut mucosa and digesta. Each of these sites was observed to have a distinct microbiome composition. The combination of SPC and housing at 26 °C significantly reduced weight gain in yellowtail kingfish and affected immune parameters. The overall microbial composition and relative abundance of specific operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was also significantly altered by inclusion of SPC at 26 °C, with a notable increase in an OTU identified as Photobacterium in the skin mucosa and digesta. Increased relative abundance of sp. was significantly correlated with reduced levels of digesta myeloperoxidase in yellowtail kingfish; a recognized innate immunity defense mechanism. The changes in the microbial communities of yellowtail kingfish fed a diet containing 30% SPC at 26 °C highlights the importance of considering the interactive effects of diet and environmental factors on microbiome health in farmed yellowtail kingfish.
PubMed: 32219022
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8705 -
Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2020, a marine bacterium from family, is a well-known primary pathogen for fish, mollusks, crustaceans, etc. Humans may also get infected accidentally during exposure to...
, a marine bacterium from family, is a well-known primary pathogen for fish, mollusks, crustaceans, etc. Humans may also get infected accidentally during exposure to marine animals or seawater. In addition to economic concern for aquaculture and fish industry, it is also a microbe of concern for human beings, as it has potential to cause lethal infections. Necrotic fasciitis is the most fulminant form.
PubMed: 32166061
DOI: 10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_63_18 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2022The marine bacterium Photobacterium galatheae S2753 produces a group of cyclodepsipeptides, called solonamides, which impede the virulence but not the survival of...
The marine bacterium Photobacterium galatheae S2753 produces a group of cyclodepsipeptides, called solonamides, which impede the virulence but not the survival of Staphylococcus aureus. In addition to their invaluable antivirulence activity, little is known about the biosynthesis and physiological function of solonamides in the native producer. This study generated a solonamide-deficient (Δ) mutant by in-frame deletion of the gene, thereby identifying the core gene for solonamide biosynthesis. By annotation from antiSMASH, the biosynthetic pathway of solonamides in S2753 was also proposed. Mass spectrometry analysis of cell extracts found that deficiency of solonamide production influenced the production of a group of unknown compounds but otherwise did not alter the overall secondary metabolite profile. Physiological comparison between Δ and wild-type S2753 demonstrated that growth dynamics and biofilm formation of both strains were similar; however, the Δ mutant displayed reduced motility rings compared to the wild type. Reintroduction of restored solonamide production and motility to the mutant, indicating that solonamides influence the motility behavior of S2753. Proteomic analysis of the Δ and wild-type strains found that eliminating solonamides influenced many cellular processes, including swimming-related proteins and proteins adjusting the cellular cyclic di-GMP concentration. In conclusion, our results revealed the biosynthetic pathway of solonamides and their ecological benefits to S2753 by enhancing motility, likely by altering the motile physiology. The broad range of bioactive potentials of cyclodepsipeptides makes these compounds invaluable in the pharmaceutical industry. Recently, a few novel cyclodepsipeptides have been discovered in marine ; however, their biosynthetic pathways remain to be revealed. Here, we demonstrated the biosynthetic genetic basis and pathway of the antivirulence compounds known as solonamides in S2753. This can pave the way for the biological overproduction of solonamides on an industrial scale. Moreover, the comparison of a solonamide-deficient mutant and wild-type S2753 demonstrated that solonamides stimulate the swimming behavior of S2753 and also influence a few key physiological processes of the native producers. These results evidenced that, in addition to their importance as novel drug candidates, these compounds play a pivotal role in the physiology of the producing microorganisms and potentially provide the native producer competitive benefits for their survival in nature.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Cyclic GMP; Depsipeptides; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Photobacterium; Proteomics; Virulence
PubMed: 36000852
DOI: 10.1128/aem.01105-22 -
Current Microbiology Jun 2022Cream colored bacteria from marine agar, strain WH24, WH77, and WH80 were isolated from the gill of the Crassostrea gigas a Pacific oyster with a filter-feeding habit...
Cream colored bacteria from marine agar, strain WH24, WH77, and WH80 were isolated from the gill of the Crassostrea gigas a Pacific oyster with a filter-feeding habit that compels accompanying bacteria to demonstrate a high metabolic capacity, has proven able to colonize locations with changing circumstances. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, all strains had high similarity to Photobacterium arenosum CAU 1568 (99.72%). This study involved phenotypic traits, phylogenetic analysis, antimicrobial activity evaluation, genome mining, Co-cultivation experiments, and chemical studies of crude extracts using HPLC and LC-HRESIMS. Photobacterium arenosum WH24 and Zooshikella harenae WH53were co-cultivated for 3 days in a rotary shaker at 160 rpm at 30 °C, and LC-MS monitored the chemical profiles of the co-cultures on the third day. The UV chromatograms of the extracts of the co-cultivation experiments show that Zooshikella harenae WH53 could be inhibited by strain WH24. The high virulence of Photobacterium arenosum WH24 was confirmed by genome analysis. Gene groups with high virulence potential were detected: tssA (ImpA), tssB (ImpB/vipA), tssC (ImpC/vipB), tssE, tssF (ImpG/vasA), tssG (ImpH/vasB), tssM (IcmF/vasK), tssJ (vasD), tssK (ImpJ/vasE), tssL (ImpK/vasF), clpV (tssH), vasH, hcp, lapP, plpD, and tpsB family.
Topics: Animals; Crassostrea; Gills; North Sea; Photobacterium; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Virulence
PubMed: 35704100
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02909-2 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jul 2021On intensive fish farms, 10% of the population dies exclusively from pathogens, and subsp. subsp. , the bacteria causing pasteurellosis in marine aquaculture, is one...
On intensive fish farms, 10% of the population dies exclusively from pathogens, and subsp. subsp. , the bacteria causing pasteurellosis in marine aquaculture, is one of the major pathogens involved. The objective of this study was to obtain new probiotic strains against pasteurellosis in order to limit the use of chemotherapy, avoiding the environmental repercussions generated by the abusive use of these products. In this study, 122 strains were isolated from the gills and intestines of different marine fish species and were later evaluated in vitro to demonstrate the production of antagonistic effects, the production of antibacterial substances, adhesion and growth to mucus, resistance to bile and resistance to pH gradients, as well as its harmlessness and the dynamic of expression of immune-related genes by real-time PCR after administration of the potential probiotic in the fish diet. Only 1/122 strains showed excellent results to be considered as a potential probiotic strain and continue its characterization against subsp. to determine its protective effect and elucidating in future studies its use as a possible probiotic strain for marine aquaculture.
PubMed: 34359157
DOI: 10.3390/ani11072029 -
Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online Mar 2023Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft-tissue infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The bacteria most associated with necrotizing fasciitis include...
Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft-tissue infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The bacteria most associated with necrotizing fasciitis include (group A), species, species, and species. (), formerly known as , is a halophilic, gram-negative bacillus known to infect marine organisms in warm coastal waters. Necrotizing fasciitis associated with has been reported to have higher rates of serious complications and mortality because of an atypical presentation and a rapidly progressive course. This report presents a case of successfully treated necrotizing fasciitis of the upper extremity and the nuances of management that led to a favorable outcome in which the patient was discharged for home without complications.
PubMed: 36974285
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2022.10.004 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Sep 2013The aim of this study was to use a sensitive method to screen and quantify 57 Vibrionaceae strains for the production of acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and map the...
AIMS
The aim of this study was to use a sensitive method to screen and quantify 57 Vibrionaceae strains for the production of acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and map the resulting AHL profiles onto a host phylogeny.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We used a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) protocol to measure AHLs in spent media after bacterial growth. First, the presence/absence of AHLs (qualitative analysis) was measured to choose internal standard for subsequent quantitative AHL measurements. We screened 57 strains from three genera (Aliivibrio, Photobacterium and Vibrio) of the same family (i.e. Vibrionaceae). Our results show that about half of the isolates produced multiple AHLs, typically at 25-5000 nmol l(-1) .
CONCLUSIONS
This work shows that production of AHL quorum sensing signals is found widespread among Vibrionaceae bacteria and that closely related strains typically produce similar AHL profiles.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The AHL detection protocol presented in this study can be applied to a broad range of bacterial samples and may contribute to a wider mapping of AHL production in bacteria, for example, in clinically relevant strains.
Topics: Acyl-Butyrolactones; Aliivibrio fischeri; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Mass Spectrometry; Photobacterium; Quorum Sensing; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 23725044
DOI: 10.1111/jam.12264 -
PloS One 2016In this study we analysed fecal bacterial communities and parasites of three important Indonesian fish species, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Epinephelus sexfasciatus and...
In this study we analysed fecal bacterial communities and parasites of three important Indonesian fish species, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Epinephelus sexfasciatus and Atule mate. We then compared the biodiversity of bacterial communities and parasites of these three fish species collected in highly polluted Jakarta Bay with those collected in less polluted Indonesian areas of Cilacap (E. sexfasciatus, A. mate) and Thousand Islands (E. fuscoguttatus). In addition, E. fuscoguttatus from net cages in an open water mariculture facility was compared with free living E. fuscoguttatus from its surroundings. Both core and shared microbiomes were investigated. Our results reveal that, while the core microbiomes of all three fish species were composed of fairly the same classes of bacteria, the proportions of these bacterial classes strongly varied. The microbial composition of phylogenetically distant fish species, i.e. A. mate and E. sexfasciatus from Jakarta Bay and Cilacap were more closely related than the microbial composition of more phylogentically closer species, i.e. E. fuscoguttatus, E. sexfasciatus from Jakarta Bay, Cilacap and Thousand Islands. In addition, we detected a weak negative correlation between the load of selected bacterial pathogens, i.e. Vibrio sp. and Photobacterium sp. and the number of endoparasites. In the case of Flavobacterium sp. the opposite was observed, i.e. a weak positive correlation. Of the three recorded pathogenic bacterial genera, Vibrio sp. was commonly found in E. fuscoguttatus from mariculture, and lessly in the vicinity of the net cages and rarely in the fishes from the heavily polluted waters from Jakarta Bay. Flavobacterium sp. showed higher counts in mariculture fish and Photobacteria sp. was the most prominent in fish inside and close to the net cages.
Topics: Animals; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Biodiversity; Colony Count, Microbial; Environmental Pollution; Fish Diseases; Flavobacterium; Geography; Host-Parasite Interactions; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Indonesia; Microbiota; Parasite Load; Perciformes; Photobacterium; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Species Specificity; Vibrio
PubMed: 27018789
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151594